Niobium carbide powder is a dark gray-brown powder with a cubic crystal structure and metallic luster. It is stable at a temperature of 1000 to 1100°C and rapidly oxidized to niobium pentoxide at a temperature above 1100°C.

 
Physical and chemical properties
Niobium carbide is a green cubic crystal with a metallic luster and belongs to the sodium chloride type cubic crystal system.
Relative density 8.47, lattice constant a=0.447nm,
The melting point is 3500°C. The microhardness is >23.5 Gpa (>2400 kg/mm2), which is harder than corundum. Elastic modulus 338000 N/mm2, thermal expansion coefficient 6.65×10^(-6)/K, thermal conductivity 14 w/(m·K), heat generation -140.7 kJ/mol, specific heat capacity 36.8 J/(mol·K), The resistivity is 35μΩ·cm.
Niobium carbide powder has good chemical stability and high-temperature performance and is a material with a high melting point and high hardness. Niobium carbide is insoluble in hot and cold hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, but soluble in a mixed solution of hot hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. It is stable at 1000~1100℃ and rapidly oxidized to niobium pentoxide above 1100℃. Niobium carbide is easy to melt in titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, tungsten carbide, and other compounds, and together form isomorphous solid solution mixtures. Melting point: 3500℃, density: 7.6g/cm³(25℃).
 
Application of niobium carbide
Niobium carbide powder can partially replace tantalum carbide and is widely used in refractory high-temperature materials and cemented carbide additives.
As a carbide cemented carbide additive, niobium carbide is a solid solution component of ternary and quaternary carbides, such as WC-NbC-C ternary system.
Niobium carbide powder can also be used to make purple artificial gems.
 
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