The boss of Leclerc supermarket Group, France's largest food retailer, said recently that in order to cope with the energy shortage, the Leclerc Group may shorten the opening hours of its stores.
In an interview with French News Radio, Leclerc said that in the event of an energy crisis this winter, the Leclerc Group may close some of its stores for some time.
Leclerc also said that the French supermarket industry reached a consensus earlier this month to take energy-saving measures from October 15, including turning off the lights of signs and reducing the intensity of store lights after the store is closed.
European energy costs have risen after the European Union imposed sanctions on Russia after Russia launched a special military operation against Ukraine in February. France imports 17 per cent of its natural gas needs from Russia and is less dependent on Russian energy than its neighbours such as Germany. However, like other European countries, France has recently continued to experience extremely high temperatures in many places, increasing demand for air conditioning and exacerbating the shortage of energy supply.
Because of the global energy crisis, the supply and prices of many international bulk titanium carbide are still very uncertain.
Carbothermal reduction method
TiO2 is reduced by carbon black. The reaction temperature range is 1700-2100℃. The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
TiO2 (s) + 3C (s) = TiC (S) + 2CO (g).
Direct carbonization method
Ti powder reacts with carbon powder to form TiC. The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
Ti (s) + C (s) = TiC
Because it is difficult to prepare submicron metal Ti powder, the application of this method is limited, the above reaction can be completed in 5-20 hours, and the reaction process is difficult to control, and the reactants agglomerate seriously, so it needs further grinding to prepare fine TiC powder. In order to obtain a purer product, the fine powder after ball milling needs to be purified by chemical method.
Chemical vapor deposition
The synthesis is based on the reaction between TiCl4, H2, and C. The reactant reacts with the hot tungsten or carbon monofilament, and the TiC crystal grows directly on the monofilament. The output and sometimes even the quality of the TiC powder synthesized by this method are strictly limited. In addition, due to the strong corrosiveness of TiCl4 and HCl in the product, special caution should be taken in synthesis.
Sol-gel method
The invention relates to a method for preparing small particle size products by fully mixing and dispersing materials with the help of solution. It has the advantages of good chemical uniformity, small particle size and narrow distribution, low heat treatment temperature, but complex synthesis process and large drying shrinkage.
Microwave method
Using nano-TiO2 and carbon black as raw materials, the material was heated by microwave energy based on the principle of carbothermal reduction reaction. In fact, using the dielectric loss of the material in the high frequency electric field, the microwave energy is converted into thermal energy, and the nano-TiO2 and carbon are synthesized into TiC.
Explosive impact method
Titanium dioxide powder and carbon powder were mixed in a certain proportion, and the precursor was prepared by pressing into a Φ 10mm × 5mm cylinder with a density of 1.5g/cm3, which was packed into a metal confined outer cylinder in the laboratory. The experiment was carried out in a self-made airtight explosion container, and the detonation ash was collected after the action of explosion shock wave. After preliminary screening, large impurities such as iron shavings are removed to get black powder. The black powder turned brown after being soaked in aqua regia for 24 hours, and finally put into muffle furnace and calcined 400min at 400℃ to get silver gray powder.
High frequency induction carbothermal reduction method
The pigment grade titanium dioxide powder and charcoal powder were weighed and mixed at 1:3 and 1:4, then added to the ball milling tank and milled for 6 hours on a planetary ball mill at a rotational speed of 300~400r/min, then the ball milling material was pressed into a 2cm × 2cm~2cm × 4cm block on a pressing machine, and finally the material was loaded into a graphite crucible and put into a high frequency induction heating equipment. Argon gas was used to protect the atmosphere. Gradually adjust the current of the high-frequency induction equipment to 500A to make the material have carbothermal reduction reaction and keep 20min. After the heat preservation, the reduction product is naturally cooled to room temperature in argon atmosphere, and the reduction product is taken out. After grinding and crushing, the ultra-fine titanium carbide powder is obtained.
Metal thermal reduction method
The solid-liquid reaction method is an exothermic reaction, so the reaction temperature is low, the energy consumption is low, but the raw material is more expensive, and the CaO and MgO in the product are pickled and can not be recycled.
High temperature self-propagating synthesis
The SHS method is derived from exothermic reaction. When heated to a proper temperature, the fine Ti powder has very high reaction activity, so once ignited, the combustion wave generated through the reactants Ti and C will have enough heat of reaction to form the TiC, SHS method, usually less than a second. The synthesis method requires high purity and fine Ti powder as raw material, and the output is limited.
Reaction ball milling technique
Reactive ball milling is a technology to prepare the required materials by using the chemical reaction between metal or alloy powder and other elements or compounds in the process of ball milling. The main equipment for preparing nanomaterials by reactive ball milling technology is high energy ball mill, which is mainly used to produce nanocrystalline materials. The mechanism of reactive ball milling can be divided into two types: one is mechanically induced self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction, and the other is reactive ball milling without obvious exothermic reaction, and the reaction process is slow.
Titanium carbide Price
The price is influenced by many factors including the supply and demand in the market, industry trends, economic activity, market sentiment, and unexpected events.
If you are looking for the latest Titanium carbide TiC price, you can send us your inquiry for a quote. (sales3@nanotrun.com)
Titanium carbide Supplier
Luoyang Tongrun Nano Technology Co. Ltd. (TRUNNANO) is a trusted Titanium carbide manufacturer and TiC supplier with over 12-year-experience. We ship our goods all over the world.
If you are looking for high-quality Titanium carbide powder, please feel free to contact us and send an inquiry. (sales3@nanotrun.com)
India's imports of Russian crude oil fell in July for the first time since March, while Saudi Arabian crude oil imports rebounded for the first time in five months, Reuters reported.
India, the world's third-largest oil importer and consumer, imported 3.2 per cent less oil in July than in June to 4.63 million barrels a day, according to data. Of this total, Russian crude oil imports were about 877400 barrels per day, down about 7.3 per cent from the previous month, while Saudi crude oil imports were about 824700 barrels per day, up 25.6 per cent from the previous month. The move comes after Saudi Arabia lowered its official sales price in June and July. Middle East oil's share of India's overall imports fell slightly in July as India's purchases from Iraq fell 9.3 per cent below the 1 million b / d mark for the first time in 10 months compared with June.
However, Russia remains India's second-largest oil supplier, with Iraq in first place and Saudi Arabia in third place.
Luoyang Tongrun Nano Technology is a trusted chemical manufacturer and supplier providing high-quality chemicals and Nanomaterials. If you are looking for the titanium carbide, please feel free to contact us and send an inquiry.
