Superconductors Peculiarity of copper oxides
Copper oxides are unusual in two respects. First, octahedral-site Cu(II):t6e3 contains a single e hole in the 3d shell, which makes it orbitally degenerate and, therefore, a strong Jahn–Teller ion; consequently, Cu(II) ions normally occupy octahedral sites that are deformed to tetragonal (c/a > 1) symmetry by Jahn–Teller orbital ordering. However, without cooperativity stabilizing long-range orbital ordering, the electrons may couple locally to E-mode vibrations, forming vibronic states in a dyn