This article gives you a detailed understanding of the difference between P-type bismuth telluride and N-type bismuth telluride
The Ti-doped Bi 2 Te 3 with concentrations 1, 3, and 5 in % Ti were synthesized using a simple powder metallurgy method. It is revealed that the optimum Ti addition in parent material changes the conduction type from undoped n-type into p-type with 1 % Ti concentration. However, the Ti addition above 1 % decreases the absolute Seebeck coefficient—furthermore, the conduction type returns to w-type at 5 % Ti addition. A 70 % and 74 % reduction in the absolute Seebeck coefficient and the electrical
In 1821, T.J. Seebeck discovered the Seebeck effect when he noticed that a compass needle was deflected when a metal was heated with a heat gradient. He called the effect thermomagnetism. Oersted later redefined it when he observed that an electric current could produce a magnetic field and gave it the correct name of thermoelectricity. Thermoelectric devices can convert electrical energy into a temperature gradient. The application of this cooling or heating effect remained minimal until the de
Eighteen years before anyone understood what an electron was or that they existed, back when the current was thought to be an incompressible fluid, Edwin Hall, while working on his dissertation, discovered that when applying a current along a thin gold leaf attached to a glass slide, there was no voltage read perpendicular to the current. Still, when the gold leaf slide was placed between the poles of a magnet, a transverse voltage appeared. He believed this phenomenon to be a new electromotive
An experimental investigation of the electronic transport properties of bismuth telluride nanocomposite materials is presented. The primary transport measurements are electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient, and the Hall effect. An experimental apparatus for measuring the Hall effect and electrical conductivity was designed, constructed, and tested. Seebeck coefficient measurements were performed on a commercial instrument. The Hall effect and Seebeck coefficient measurements are two of
Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) is a gray or black hexagonal platelet with a metallic luster or gray powder. It is an alloy of two metallic elements (Bismuth and tellurium), also known as Bismuth (III) telluride. When alloyed with antimony or selenium, it is a semiconductor that is an efficient thermoelectric material for refrigeration or portable power generation. Topologically protected surface states have been observed in Bismuth telluride. Bismuth telluride and its alloys are unique materials. Th
What is Bismuth telluride?Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) is a gray or black hexagonal platelet with a metallic luster or gray powder. It is an alloy of two metallic elements (bismuth and tellurium), also known as bismuth(III) telluride. When alloyed with antimony or selenium, it is a semiconductor that is an efficient thermoelectric material for refrigeration or portable power generation. Topologically protected surface states have been observed in Bismuth telluride. Typical Applications of Bismuth
The electronic transport properties vary significantly with alloy composition. Pisarenko plot fits of Seebeck versus Hall carrier concentration using a single valley effective mass model assuming potential deformation scattering find that the Seebeck effective mass, m∗S, decreases from 1.06 me for Bi2Te3 to 0.25 me for Bi2Se3. Similarly, the weighted mobility, μw, which sets the maximum achievable power factor, decreases monotonically from 590 to 170 cm2V-1 s-1 going from Bi2Te3 to Bi2Se3. This
Bismuth telluride, bismuth selenide, and all intermediate alloys Bi2Te3−xSex have the tetradymite crystal structure in the symmetry group R3¯m. The material is comprised of repeating quintuple layers of X(1)–Bi–X(2)–Bi–X(1), where the number in parentheses designates two inequivalent chalcogens (X) sites. Chalcogen atoms octahedrally coordinate bismuth atoms, and Bi octahedrally coordinates the X(2) site atoms. The X(1) site atoms are covalently bonded with three Bi atoms and by weaker van der W
The n-type Bi2Te3-Bi2Se3 alloy is less straightforward. Mass contrast alloy scattering modeling does not match thermal conductivity values reported in the literature, and there is wide variability in qualitative trends reported. The electronic band structure of Bi2Te3 comprises conduction and valence band extrema with high valley degeneracy. In contrast, the structure of Bi2Se3 is far simpler, with a direct gap between singly degenerate extrema at the Γ point. This dramatic difference in Fermi s
Bismuth telluride is the dominant thermoelectric material for applications near room temperature due to its inherently low lattice thermal conductivity and high electronic weighted mobility. Its performance is ultimately limited by the harmful effects of thermally generated minority carriers due to its small band gap (0.14 eV). This effect can be partially mitigated by doping more heavily than ideal, considering the transport of most carriers alone. Combining Sb2Te3 for p-type or Bi2Se3 for n-ty
Bismuth telluride is the working material for most Peltier cooling devices and thermoelectric generators. Bi2Te3 (or, more precisely, its alloys with Sb2Te3 for p-type and Bi2Se3 for n-type material) has the highest thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, of any material around room temperature. Since thermoelectric technology will be greatly enhanced by improving Bi2Te3 or finding a superior material, this review aims to identify and quantify the key material properties that make Bi2Te3 such a good
Boron carbide (B4C), is among the hardest materials used in manufacturing. Its hard surface and strong chemical bonds minimize wear even in harsh environments. This is why it's been used to make bulletproof vests, tank armor, and other extreme applications. Its hardness offers excellent protection and its light weight maximizes fluidity. This material also has a high neutron absorbance capacity, making it a good choice for radiation shielding. Therefore, it is widely used in the nuclear and othe
monatomic catalysts are widely used in catalytic oxidation hydrolysis hydrogenation because of their atomic dispersed metal sites their close interaction with supports. Because of the catalytic oxidation reaction on the metal sites the carr
In this article, we will talk about the problems when water reducer meets different kinds of cement and solutions.
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