1. ʻO ka ʻepekema a me ke kūkulu ʻana o nā mea alumina Porcelain
1.1 Crystallography and Compositional Versions of Light Weight Aluminum Oxide
(Na apo seramika alumina)
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā apo seramika alumina mai ka alumini oxide māmā (Al elua O Ekolu), he mea i kaulana no ke koena o ka ikaika mechanical, palekana wela, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale uila.
ʻO ka pae ʻenehana paʻa loa a kūpono hoʻi o ka alumina ka alpha (a) kahua, ka mea i hana i loko o ka hexagonal kokoke piha (HCP) ka papa hana no ka hale daimana.
Ma keia kumumanao, Hoʻokumu nā ion oxygen i ka lattice mānoanoa me nā ion alumini e noho ana i ʻelua hapakolu o nā wahi interstitial octahedral., e hoʻokumu ana i kahi hoʻolālā atomika paʻa loa.
ʻOiai aia ka alumina maʻemaʻe i ke kumumanaʻo 100% Al ₂ O ₃, Loaʻa pinepine nā huahana ʻoihana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻohui e like me ke silica (SiO ₂), magnesia (MgO), a i ʻole yttria (Y ₂ O EKOLU) e hoʻoponopono i ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa ma ka sintering a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka densification.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā seramika alumina e nā pae maʻemaʻe: 96%, 99%, a 99.8% Al ʻElua ʻO ʻelima ka mea maʻamau, me ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i nā waiwai mechanical i hoʻonui ʻia, ka hoʻoheheʻe wela, a me ke kū'ē kemika.
ʻO ka microstructure– ʻoi aku ka nui o ka palaoa, pōʻalo, a me ke kaapuni ana– he hana koʻikoʻi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hana hope loa o nā apo alumina i nā wahi lawelawe.
1.2 Ke Kino a me Mechanical Pono
Hōʻike nā apo seramika alumina i kahi hui o nā hale e pono ai lākou i ke koi ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana.
Loaʻa iā lākou ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka nui 3000 MPa), ikaika flexural (maʻamau 350– 500 MPa), a me ka paʻa loa (1500– 2000 HV), hiki i ke kū'ē ke hoʻohana, abrasion, a me ka deformation ma lalo o ka hailona.
ʻO kā lākou helu haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui wela (ma kahi o 7– 8 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K) hana i kekahi palekana dimensional ma waena o nā ʻano wela nui, e hōʻemi ana i ka haʻalulu wela a me ka haki ʻana i ka wā kaʻa kaʻa wela.
Thermal conductivity nā ʻano like ʻole mai 20 i 30 W/m · K, ma muli o ka maʻemaʻe, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana mehana– lawa no ka nui o nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻole o ke koi no ka ea ea ikaika.
( Alumina Ceramics apo)
Me ka uila, ʻO ka alumina kahi insulator kūʻokoʻa me ka nui o ka resistivity i ʻoi aku 10 ¹⁴ Ω · kenimika a me ka ikaika dielectric ma kahi o 10– 15 kV/mm, hana ia i mea kūpono no nā ʻāpana insulation high-voltage.
Eia kekahi, Hōʻike ka alumina i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻouka kemika mai nā waikawa, antacid, a me na kila i hooheheeia, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia e ka antacid paʻa a me ka waika hydrofluoric i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
2. Hana ʻana a me ka pololei ʻenehana o nā apo alumina
2.1 Ka Hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauda a me ke ʻano hana
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i nā apo alumina seramika kiʻekiʻe me ke koho a me ka hana hoʻomākaukau o ka pauka alumina maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe..
Hana ʻia nā pauka ma o ka calcination o ka alumini hydroxide a i ʻole ma o nā ʻano holomua e like me ka lawelawe ʻana i ka sol-gel e hoʻokō ai i ka nui liʻiliʻi a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka nui haiki..
No ka hana ʻana i ka geometry apo, hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano hana hoʻohua, komo:
Hoʻokuʻu uniaxial: kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka pauda i loko o kahi die ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomohala a “pili kaiapuni” apo.
kaomi isostatic: me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi like ʻole mai nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano wai, ka hopena o ka mānoanoa nui a me ka microstructure paʻa, kūikawā no nā apo paʻakikī a nui paha.
Extrusion: kūpono no nā ʻano cylindrical lōʻihi i hoʻemi ʻia i loko o nā apo, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia: hoʻohana ʻia no nā geometries kikoʻī a me nā ʻae palena, kahi e hui pū ʻia ai ka pauka alumina me kahi mea hoʻopaʻa polymer a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi mole.
Hoʻopili kēlā me kēia ʻano i ka mānoanoa hope, alignment palaoa, a me ka holo pilikia, e koi ana i ke kaʻina hana makaʻala e pili ana i nā pono noi.
2.2 Sintering a me Microstructural Advancement
Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, nā apo pili kaiapuni e hana i ka sintering kiʻekiʻe, maʻamau ma waena 1500 ° C a 1700 ° C i ka ea a i ʻole nā kaiapuni i hoʻoponopono ʻia.
I ka wā o ka sintering, ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻoulu i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana, wehe pore, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa, ka hopena i ke kino seramika paʻa loa.
Ka nui o ka wela, manawa paʻa, a mālama pono ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hoʻoluʻu e pale aku i ka haki ʻana, kulou ana, a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻohui e like me MgO e kāohi i ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka palena o ka palaoa, hana i kahi microstructure maikaʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika mechanical a me ka hilinaʻi.
Mahope-sintering, Hiki i nā apo alumina ke wili a wili i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka ʻae ʻana o ka nui ( ± 0.01 mm) a hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻili o ka ʻili (ʻO Ra < 0.1 µm), essential for securing, bearing, and electrical insulation applications.
3. Nā Hana Hana Hana a me nā Hana Hana Hana
3.1 Mechanical and Tribological Applications
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā apo seramika alumina i nā ʻōnaehana mechanical ma muli o ko lākou pale ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa dimensional..
Loaʻa nā noi huna:
Hoʻopaʻa i nā apo i nā pamu a me nā pani pani, kahi e pale ai lākou i ka wehe ʻana mai nā slurries maikaʻi ʻole a me nā wai hoʻopōʻino i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā kemika a me ka ʻaila. & ʻoihana kinoea.
ʻO nā ʻāpana hānau i loko o ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka corrosive kahi e nāwaliwali ai nā bearings metala a makemake paha i ka lubrication mau.
Nānā i nā apo a me nā bushings i nā mea hana automation, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka friction haʻahaʻa a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ke koi no ka greasing.
E hoʻohana i nā apo i loko o nā compressors a me nā turbines, e emi ana ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana ʻōwili a me nā mea paʻa ma lalo o nā pilikia puʻuwai kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ko lākou hiki ke mālama i ka maikaʻi i loko o nā lewa maloʻo a i ʻole nā kemika ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā koho metala a polymer..
3.2 ʻO nā hana hoʻonā wela a me ka uila
I nā ʻōnaehana kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana kiʻekiʻe, hana nā apo alumina ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana pale pono.
Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e like me:
Nā insulators i nā mea hoʻomehana a me nā mea umu ahi, kahi e hoʻomau ai lākou i nā kaula kūʻē ʻoiai e hoʻomau ana i nā pae wela 1400 ° C.
ʻO nā insulators feedthrough i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana plasma, ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe uila me ka mālama ʻana i nā sila hermetic.
Spacers a me nā apo kākoʻo i nā mea uila uila a me nā mea hoʻololi, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana conductive i nā transformers, kaapuni kaapuni, a me nā ʻōnaehana busbar.
Nā apo dielectric i RF a me nā mea hana microwave, kahi o ko lakou poho dielectric ha'aha'a a me ka paakiki ha'iha'i ki'eki'e e hō'oia i ka 'oia'i'o.
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka paʻakikī dielectric kiʻekiʻe a me ka palekana wela e ʻae i nā apo alumina e hana pololei i nā lewa kahi e nāwaliwali ai nā insulators kūlohelohe..
4. Nā Hana Hou a me ka Manaʻo o ka wā e hiki mai ana
4.1 Hoʻopili a me Doped Alumina Solutions
E hoʻonui i ka pono, ke hana nei nā mea noiʻi a me nā mea hana i nā composites-based alumina kiʻekiʻe.
Aia nā laʻana:
Alumina-zirconia (Al ₂ O EHA-ZrO ELUA) nā mea hoʻohui, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka paʻakikī me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea hoʻoikaika ikaika.
Alumina-silikona carbide (Al ₂ O SIX-SiC) nanocomposites, kahi e hoʻoikaika ai nā ʻāpana SiC nui i ka paʻa, pale ʻana i ka haʻalulu wela, a me ke kūpale kolo.
ʻAlumina kakaʻikahi-honua-doped, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kemika palena ʻai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation.
Hoʻolōʻihi kēia mau mea hybrid i ka enveloppe hana o nā apo alumina i loko o nā pilikia ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, e like me ka hoʻouka ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kaʻa uila wela wikiwiki.
4.2 ʻO nā mea e puka mai ana a me ka hui ʻenehana
ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā apo alumina ceramic aia i ka hoʻohui naʻauao a me ka hana pololei.
Loaʻa nā ʻano:
Hana hoʻohui (3D paʻi ʻana) o na mea alumina, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā geometries i loko a me nā hoʻonohonoho apo pilikino i hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō ʻia ma o nā ʻenehana maʻamau.
Ka helu ʻana, kahi ʻokoʻa ka haku mele ʻana a i ʻole microstructure ma waena o ke apo e hoʻonui i ka hana ma nā wahi like ʻole (e.g., ʻaʻahu-pale i waho papa me ka thermally conductive core).
ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i loko o ka wahi ma o nā sensor i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā apo seramika no ka mālama ʻana i nā mīkini ʻenehana..
Hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ikehu hou, e like me nā wahie wela wela a me nā mea kanu mana lā, kahi i koʻikoʻi ai ka hilinaʻi o ka huahana ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi wela a me ke kemika a me ka hopohopo.
No ka mea, makemake nā mākeke i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, mau ola lōʻihi, a hoemi i ka malama ana, E hoʻomau mau ʻia nā apo seramika alumina e hana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hiki ʻana i nā koho ʻenehana no ka hanauna e hiki mai ana..
5. Mea hoʻolako
Alumina Technology Co., Ltd e nānā i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana i ka pauka alumini oxide, nā huahana alumini oxide, alumini oxide crucible, etc., lawelawe i ka uila, seramika, kemika a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Mai kona hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana ma 2005, ua kūpaʻa ka hui i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe maikaʻi loa. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe alumina ikaika zirconia, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou. ([email protected])
Nā huaʻōlelo: ʻAlumina Keramika, alumina, alumini oxide
ʻO nā ʻatikala a me nā kiʻi a pau mai ka Pūnaewele. Inā loaʻa kekahi pilikia kope, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iā mākou i ka manawa e holoi ai.
E nīnau iā mākou