Graphene:few layers of graphene began to be supplied in batches, the industrialization process was accelerated, and the cost was one tenth of graphene
With the gradual breakthrough of the problems of mass production and large size, the industrialization of graphene (2-6 layers) is accelerating. Based on the current research results, the first areas to achieve commercial application may be Mobile equipment, aerospace, new energy batteries, biology, ceramics, lubrication, wear-resistant fields.
basic research
The few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene are of particular significance to the basic research of physics, which makes some quantum effects that could only be theoretically demonstrated in the past can be verified experimentally. In two-dimensional graphene (2-6 layers) graphene, the mass of electrons does not exist. This property makes graphene (2-6 layers) graphene a rare and can be used to study relativity quantum Mechanical condensed matter-because massless particles must move at the speed of light, they must be described by relativistic quantum mechanics, which provides theoretical physicists with a new direction of research. In essence, some needed initially to be performed in giant particle accelerators. The test can be performed in a small laboratory with a few layers of graphene.
Zero-gap semiconductors are mainly single-layer and few-layer (2-6 layers) graphene. This electronic structure will seriously affect the role of gas molecules on its surface. The function of single-layer graphene (2-6 layers) graphene to enhance the surface reactivity of bulk graphite is shown by the results of hydrogenation and oxidation reactions of graphene (2-6 layers), indicating that the number of layers (2 -6 layers) The electronic structure of graphene can modulate its surface activity. Also, the electronic structure of a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene can be changed correspondingly by the induction of gas molecule adsorption, which not only improves the carrier concentration but also can be doped with different small layers (2- 6 layers) graphene.
A few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene can be used to make transistors. Due to the high stability of the few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene structure, such electronics can still work stably on a scale close to a single atom. In contrast, silicon-based electronics currently lose stability on the range of about 10 nanometers; the feature that the electrons in a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene have a swift response to the external field, which makes The transistors made from it can reach incredibly high operating frequencies. For example, IBM announced in February 2010 that it had increased the operating rate of few-layer (2-6 layers) graphene transistors to 100 GHz, exceeding silicon transistors of the same scale.
Flexible display
The bendable screen at the Consumer Electronics Show has attracted much attention and has become the development of the future mobile device display.
Show trends. Flexible displays have a broad market in the future, and the prospect of a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene as primary material is also promising. South Korean researchers have, for the first time, produced a flexible transparent display consisting of multiple layers (2-6 layers) of graphene and a glass fiber polyester sheet substrate. Researchers from South Korea's Samsung Corporation and Sungkyunkwan University produced a TV-sized, transparent layer (2-6 layers) of graphene on a 63 cm wide flexible open fiberglass polyester board. They stated that this is by far the most significant "blockhead" of small (2-6 layers) graphene blocks. Then, they made a flexible touch screen from these few (2-6 layers) graphene blocks. Researchers say that, in theory, people could roll up a smartphone and pin it behind their ears like a pencil.
New energy battery
New energy batteries are also an essential area for the earliest commercialization of graphene with few layers (2-6 layers). The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has successfully developed a flexible photovoltaic cell panel with few (2-6 layers) graphene nano-coatings on the surface, which can significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing transparent deformable solar cells. Applications in small digital devices such as night-vision goggles and cameras. The successful research and development of small-layer (2-6 layers) graphene super batteries has also solved the problems of insufficient capacity and the long charging time of new energy vehicle batteries, which has dramatically accelerated the development of the new energy battery industry. This series of research results paved the way for the application of a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene in the new energy battery industry.
Desalination
Few (2-6 layers) graphene filters are used more than other desalination technologies. The graphene film with few oxidized layers (2-6 layers) in the water environment can form a channel with a width of about 0.9 nanometers when it is in close contact with water and ions or molecules smaller than this size can pass quickly. Capillary channel size in a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene film is further compressed by mechanical means, the pore size is controlled, and the salt in seawater can be efficiently filtered.
Hydrogen storage material
Fewer layers (2-6 layers) of graphene have the advantages of a lightweight, high chemical stability and high specific surface area, making them the best candidates for hydrogen storage materials.
Aerospace
Due to its high electrical conductivity, high strength, ultra-thinness, and other characteristics, the application advantages of a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene in the aerospace industry are also extremely prominent. In 2014, the United States NASA developed a small-layer (2-6 layer) graphene sensor used in the aerospace field, which can well detect trace elements in the earth's upper atmosphere and structural defects on spacecraft. The few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene will also play a more prominent role in potential applications such as ultralight aircraft materials.
Photosensitive element
A new type of light-sensitive element using few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene as the material of the light-sensitive item can be expected to increase the light-sensing capacity by a factor of 1,000 compared with the existing CMOS or CCD through a unique structure, and the energy loss only needs to be 10 %. It can be used in the field of monitors and satellite imaging can be applied to cameras, smartphones, etc.
Composite material
Graphene-based composites with few layers (2-6 layers) are an essential research direction in the field of graphene applications with few layers (2-6 layers). Their demands include energy storage, liquid crystal devices, electronic devices, biological materials, and sensing materials. And catalyst carriers have shown excellent performance and have broad application prospects. At present, the research of few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene composites is mainly focused on few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene polymer composites and few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene-based inorganic nanocomposites. With the deepening of the research on fewer layers (2-6 layers) of graphene, the application of fewer layers (2-6 layers) of graphene reinforcement in bulk metal matrix composites has also received more and more attention. Multi-functional polymer composites made of graphene (2-6 layers) and high-strength porous ceramic materials have enhanced many unique properties of composite materials.
biological
few layers of graphene are used to accelerate the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and it is also used to make bio-sensors with few layers of graphene on silicon carbide. At the same time, a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene can be used as a nerve interface electrode without changing or destroying properties such as signal strength or scar tissue formation. Due to its flexibility, biocompatibility, and electrical conductivity, a few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene electrodes are much more stable in vivo than tungsten or silicon electrodes. A few layers (2-6 layers) of graphene oxide are very useful in inhibiting the growth of E. coli without harming human cells.
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