1. Kayan Kemikal da Halayen Tsarin Boron Carbide Foda
1.1 The B ₄ C Stoichiometry da Atomic Salon
(Boron Carbide)
Boron carbide (B HUDU C) foda wani abu ne na yumbu maras oxide wanda ya ƙunshi galibi na boron da carbon atom, tare da cikakkiyar dabarar stoichiometric B ₄ C, ko da yake yana nuna babban kewayon juriyar abun ciki daga kusan B ₄ C zuwa B ₀. BIYAR C.
Tsarinsa na crystal ya fito ne daga tsarin rhombohedral, halin cibiyar sadarwa na 12-atom icosahedra– kowanne dauke da 11 boron zarra da 1 carbon zarra– an haɗa ta kai tsaye B– C ko C– B– C kai tsaye sarƙoƙin triatomic tare da [111] umarnin.
Wannan tsari na musamman na covalently bonded icosahedra da haɗa sarƙoƙi yana isar da ƙarfi mai ban mamaki da kwanciyar hankali na thermal., yin boron carbide daya daga cikin mafi wuya sanannun kayayyakin, ya wuce kawai ta cubic boron nitride da lu'u-lu'u.
Kasancewar lahani na gine-gine, kamar rashi na carbon a cikin sarkar kai tsaye ko rikicewar canji a cikin icosahedra, matuƙar tasiri na inji, lantarki, da kaddarorin zama na sha neutron, buƙatar ainihin iko a lokacin haɗin foda.
Waɗannan fasalulluka na matakin atomic suma suna ƙara ƙaurinsa (~ 2.52 g/cm UKU), wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen garkuwa mara nauyi inda ƙarfin-zuwa-nauyi ke da mahimmanci.
1.2 Tsaftar Mataki da Tasirin Ƙira
Aikace-aikace masu girma suna buƙatar foda na carbide boron tare da tsaftataccen lokaci da ƙarancin ƙazanta daga iskar oxygen, Karfe gurbatattu, ko mataki na biyu kamar boron suboxides (B₂ YA BIYU) ko carbon-free kudin.
Rashin iskar oxygen, yawanci ana gabatarwa yayin sarrafawa ko daga kayan asali, zai iya samar da B BIYU O ₃ a iyakokin hatsi, wanda ke jujjuyawa a zafi kuma yana haɓaka porosity a duk lokacin sintering, tsanani karya saukar inji mutunci.
Rashin gurɓataccen ƙarfe kamar baƙin ƙarfe ko silicon na iya aiki azaman taimako mai ban sha'awa amma kuma na iya haɓaka ƙarancin narkewar eutectics ko matakai na biyu waɗanda ke lalata taurin kai da kwanciyar hankali na thermal..
Don haka, dabarun tsarkakewa kamar leaching acid, zafi-zazzabi annealing karkashin inert ambiences, ko yin amfani da mafari masu tsafta suna da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar foda masu dacewa da sabbin yumbu.
Rarraba girman bitar da cikakken yanki na foda shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gano rashin daidaituwa da microstructure na ƙarshe., tare da foda na submicron yawanci yana sa ya yiwu don haɓaka haɓakawa a rage matakan zafin jiki.
2. Rubuce-rubuce da Kula da Foda na Boron Carbide
(Boron Carbide)
2.1 Hanyoyin Samar da Sikeli na Masana'antu da Laboratory
Boron carbide foda ana samar da shi ne tare da yawan zafin jiki na carbothermal rage yawan furon mai ɗauke da boron., yawancin boric acid (H BIYAR BO BIYU) ko kuma boron oxide (B₂ O SHIDA), yin amfani da albarkatun carbon kamar coke mai ko gawayi.
Halin da ake ciki, yawanci ana yin su a cikin na'urorin dumama wutar lantarki a yanayin zafi tsakanin 1800 ° C da 2500 ° C, ya ci gaba kamar yadda: 2B BIYU YA HUDU + 7C → B HUDU C + 6CO.
Wannan hanyar tana haifar da zafi mai zafi, foda masu siffa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba waɗanda ke kira ga cikakkiyar niƙa da nau'in don cika babban juzu'in da ake buƙata don sarrafa yumbu na ci gaba..
Daban-daban fasahohin kamar surar tururin sinadarai da ke haifar da Laser (CVD), plasma-taimaka kira, da kwasa-kwasan sarrafa kayan aikin injiniya zuwa mafi kyau, fiye da foda masu kama da juna tare da mafi kyawun iko akan stoichiometry da ilimin halittar jiki.
Haɗin injiniyoyi, misali, ya ƙunshi babban makamashi zagaye niƙa na muhimman boron da carbon, yana ba da damar haɓakar ɗaki-zazzabi ko ƙarancin zafin jiki na B ₄ C ta hanyar ingantaccen martani na ƙasa wanda makamashin injina ke motsawa..
Waɗannan nagartattun dabaru, yayin da yafi tsada, suna samun sha'awa don ƙirƙirar nanostructured foda tare da haɓaka haɓaka da haɓaka mai amfani.
2.2 Foda ilimin halittar jiki da kuma Surface Design
Halin halittar boron carbide foda– ko angular, zagaye, ko nanostructured– mik'ewa yayi tasiri wajen tafiyar sa, marufi yawa, da reactivity a duk lokacin ƙarfafa lamuni.
Angular bits, na hali na fashe da na'ura sanya foda, sukan yi cudanya, yana haɓaka ƙarfin kore duk da haka yana yiwuwa yana nuna gangara mai kauri.
Zagaye foda, Yawancin lokaci ana haifar da shi ta hanyar bushewar bushewa ko spheroidization na plasma, bayar da m wurare dabam dabam halaye don ƙari masana'antu da zafi tura aikace-aikace.
Gyaran saman, ciki har da shafa tare da carbon ko polymer dispersants, na iya haɓaka watsawar foda a cikin slurries kuma ya hana tari, wanda ke da mahimmanci don cimma daidaitattun microstructures a cikin abubuwan da aka lalata.
Bugu da kari, Maganin riga-kafin-sintering kamar annealing a cikin inert ko ragewa yanayi taimaka kawar da surface oxides da adsorbed iri., inganta sinterability da kuma karshe bude ko inji ƙarfi.
3. Mazauna masu Amfani da Ma'aunin Aiki
3.1 Kanikanci da Halayen thermal
Boron carbide foda, lokacin da aka haɗa kai tsaye cikin tukwane mai yawa, yana nuna manyan gidajen injiniyoyi, ciki har da taurin Vickers na 30– 35 GPA, sanya shi ɗaya daga cikin samfuran ƙira mafi wuyar samuwa.
Ƙarfinsa na matsawa ya wuce 4 GPA, kuma yana kiyaye mutuncin tsarin a matakan zafin jiki kamar yadda 1500 ° C a cikin yanayin da ba a iya gani ba, ko da yake oxidation ya zo ya zama babba 500 ° C a cikin iska saboda samuwar B ₂ O shida.
Ƙananan kauri na samfurin (~ 2.5 g/cm SHIDA) yana ba shi gagarumin ƙarfin ƙarfi-zuwa-nauyi, muhimmiyar fa'ida a cikin sararin samaniya da tsarin tsaro na ballistic.
Duk da haka, boron carbide a dabi'ance yana da rauni kuma yana da rauni ga amorphization a ƙarƙashin tasirin matsananciyar damuwa, abin mamaki da aka sani da “asarar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi,” wanda ke iyakance iyawarsa a takamaiman yanayin garkuwa ciki har da na'urori masu saurin gudu.
Binciken bincike daidai cikin haɓakar haɗin gwiwa– kamar hada B HUDU C da silicon carbide (SiC) ko carbon fibers– yana nufin rage wannan ƙuntatawa ta hanyar inganta ƙarfin karaya da ɓarnawar wutar lantarki.
3.2 Neutron Absorption da Aikace-aikacen Nukiliya
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman fa'idodin amfani da boron carbide shine babban ɓangaren shayarwar neutron mai zafi., da farko sakamakon ¹⁰ B isotope, wanda ke aiwatar da ¹⁰ B(n, a)⁷ Li makaman nukiliya lokacin kama neutron.
Wannan kadarar ta sa B HUDU C foda ya zama mafi kyawun samfur don amintaccen neutron, kula da sanduna, da kuma kashe pellets a cikin tashoshin wutar lantarki, inda yake da kyau yana sha da yawa na neutron don daidaita martanin fission.
Sakamakon alpha barbashi da lithium ions gajere ne, kayayyakin da ba na gas ba, rage lalacewar tsari da haɓakar iskar gas a cikin abubuwan kunnawa.
Ingantacciyar isotope na ¹⁰ B yana inganta tasirin sha neutron, kyale bakin ciki, ƙarin tasiri amintattun samfuran.
Bugu da kari, Tsaron sinadarai na boron carbide da juriya na radiation suna yin wasu ayyuka masu ɗorewa na dindindin a cikin mahalli masu haske.
4. Aikace-aikace a cikin Ƙarfafa masana'antu da Fasaha
4.1 Kayayyakin Kare Ballistic da Abubuwan Juriya da Sawa
Maɓalli na aikace-aikacen boron carbide foda ya kasance a cikin samar da sulke mai nauyi ga ma'aikata, manyan motoci, da jirgin sama.
Lokacin da aka rarrabu cikin fale-falen bene kuma an haɗa kai tsaye cikin tsarin sulke tare da goyan bayan polymer ko ƙarfe, B HUDU C yadda ya kamata yana watsar da ƙarfin motsin injina mai saurin gudu tare da karaya., roba contortion na mai shigar, da tsarin sha na makamashi.
Ƙananan ƙarancinsa yana ba da damar tsarin garkuwa mai sauƙi wanda ya bambanta da madadin kamar tungsten carbide ko karfe, mahimmanci ga motsin soja da aikin iskar gas.
Tsaron da ya gabata, Ana amfani da boron carbide a cikin abubuwa masu jure lalacewa kamar nozzles, hatimi, da rage na'urori, inda matsananciyar ƙarfinsa ke tabbatar da tsawon rayuwa a cikin m saituna.
4.2 Ƙirƙirar Ƙarfafawa da Fasahar Tashe
Ci gaba na yanzu a masana'anta ƙari (AM), musamman binder jetting da Laser foda gado hade, Haƙiƙa sun buɗe sabbin damammaki don kera rikitattun sassa na boron carbide.
Babban tsarki, Spherical B HUDU C foda suna da mahimmanci ga waɗannan matakai, yana buƙatar ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa da ɗimbin tattarawa don yin ƙayyadaddun jituwa da kwanciyar hankali na ɓangaren.
Yayin da kalubale ke tsayawa– kamar babban wurin narkewa, thermal tashin hankali karaya, da kuma m porosity– karatu yana ci gaba zuwa ga kauri sosai, net-siffar yumbura sassa don sararin samaniya, nukiliya, da aikace-aikacen makamashi.
Bugu da kari, Ana gano boron carbide a cikin na'urorin thermoelectric, m slurries ga daidai polishing, kuma a matsayin lokacin ƙarfafawa a cikin mahaɗan matrix na ƙarfe.
a takaice, boron carbide foda yana tsaye a kan gaba na sabbin samfuran yumbu, hada matsananciyar taurin, rage kauri, da ikon sha neutron a cikin tsarin inorganic kadai.
Ta hanyar kulawa ta musamman na kayan shafa, ilimin halittar jiki, da handling, yana ba da damar fasahar zamani da ke gudana a cikin ɗayan wuraren da ake buƙata, daga sulke na fagen fama zuwa makaman nukiliya.
Kamar yadda hadawa da dabarun kere-kere ke ci gaba da bunkasa, boron carbide foda tabbas zai kasance mai mahimmanci mai ba da damar haɓaka kayan aiki mai girma na gaba.
5. Mai bayarwa
RBOSCHCO amintaccen mai samar da kayan sinadarai ne na duniya & manufacturer tare da over 12 gogewar shekaru wajen samar da manyan sinadarai masu inganci da Nanomaterials. Kamfanin yana fitarwa zuwa ƙasashe da yawa, kamar Amurka, Kanada, Turai, UAE, Afirka ta Kudu, Tanzaniya, Kenya, Masar, Najeriya, Kamaru, Uganda, Turkiyya, Mexico, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Cyprus, Jamhuriyar Czech, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Dubai, Japan, Koriya, Vietnam, Tailandia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Ostiraliya,Jamus, Faransa, Italiya, Portugal da dai sauransu. A matsayin babban masana'anta ci gaban nanotechnology, RBOSCHCO ta mamaye kasuwa. Ƙwararrun aikinmu na aiki yana ba da cikakkiyar mafita don taimakawa inganta haɓakar masana'antu daban-daban, ƙirƙirar ƙima, da sauƙin jure kalubale iri-iri. Idan kuna nema boron carbide farashin kowace kg, da fatan za a aika imel zuwa: [email protected]
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