1. Mahimman Tsarin Mahimmanci da Ƙwararren Ƙirar Molybdenum Disulfide
1.1 Crystal Design da kuma Layered bonding System
(Molybdenum Disulfide Foda)
Molybdenum disulfide (MOS BIYU) shine canji karfe dichalcogenide (TMD) wanda ya zama samfurin ginshiƙi a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu maras lokaci da kuma nanotechnology na zamani.
A matakin atomic, MoS ₂ yana yin crystallizes a cikin tsarin shimfidar wuri inda kowane Layer ya ƙunshi jirgin sama na molybdenum atom wanda aka haɗa tare a tsakanin jirage biyu na atom na sulfur., inganta S– Mo– S trilayer.
Waɗannan ƴan wasan trilayers suna riƙe da juna tare da raunanan dakarun van der Waals, yana ba da damar yanke sassauƙa tsakanin yadudduka kewaye– Ginin da ke ba da lada na musamman.
Mafi amintaccen lokaci na thermodynamically shine 2H (hexagonal) lokaci, wanda shine semiconducting kuma yana nuna bandgap kai tsaye a nau'in monolayer, canzawa zuwa gaɓoɓin bandeji na kai tsaye a cikin girma.
Wannan tasirin kamawa, inda kaddarorin dijital suka canza da yawa tare da yawa, yana sanya MoS ₂ tsarin ƙira don bincike mai girma biyu (2D) samfurori fiye da graphene.
A wannan bangaren, mafi ƙarancin 1T (tetragonal) lokaci ne karfe da metastable, yawanci ana samarwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar sinadarai ko electrochemical, kuma yana da ƙimar sha'awa don aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya da makamashi.
1.2 Tsarin Maɗaukakin Dijital da Ra'ayin Na gani
Kaddarorin mazaunin dijital na MoS₂ sun dogara sosai ga girma, sanya shi tsari na musamman don gano abubuwan ƙididdigewa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan tsarin.
A cikin nau'in girma, MoS ₂ yana aiki azaman semiconductor bandgap kai tsaye tare da bandgap na kusan. 1.2 eV.
Duk da haka, lokacin da aka siriri har zuwa Layer atomic guda ɗaya, Tasirin ɗabi'a yana haifar da canji zuwa madaidaiciyar tazarin abin da ya shafi 1.8 eV, yana a K-point na yankin Brillouin.
Wannan canjin yana ba da damar samun ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na hoto da ingantaccen abin sadarwa mai haske, yin monolayer MoS ₂ sosai dacewa ga na'urorin optoelectronic kamar masu gano hoto, diodes masu haske (LEDs), da kuma hasken rana.
Maƙallan gudanarwa da valence suna nuna mahimmin haɗaɗɗiyar juzu'i-orbit, haifar da ilimin kimiyyar kwarin da ke dogara da kwari inda kwarin K da K a cikin sararin sararin samaniya za a iya halarta ta musamman don amfani da haske mai da'ira.– wani sabon abu da ake magana a kai a matsayin tasirin Hall Valley.
( Molybdenum Disulfide Foda)
Wannan ikon valleytronic yana buɗe sabbin-hanyoyi don ɓoye bayanai da sarrafa na'urorin lantarki na yau da kullun na caji..
Bugu da kari, MoS ₂ yana nuna ingantaccen tasirin motsa jiki a matakin zafin jiki sakamakon ƙarancin gwajin dielectric a cikin nau'in 2D, tare da kuzarin dauri na exciton ya kai meV ɗari da yawa, da yawa fiye da waɗanda ke cikin semiconductors na al'ada.
2. Dabarun Ƙira da Dabarun Ƙirƙirar Ƙira
2.1 Peeling na sama da Nanoflake Fabrication
Keɓance na monolayer da ƴan Layer MoS biyu sun fara ne da ƙyalli na inji, dabarar kwatankwacinta da “Hanyar kaset Scotch” Ana amfani da graphene.
Wannan hanyar tana dawo da flakes masu inganci tare da ƙananan lahani da kyawawan kaddarorin wurin zama na lantarki, cikakke don bincike na asali da ƙirar na'urar gini.
Duk da haka, Ƙwararren injiniya ta halitta yana iyakancewa a cikin scalability da kula da girman gefen, yin shi bai dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu ba.
Don magance wannan, Haƙiƙa an haɓaka fitar da ruwa-lokacin exfoliation, Inda girma MoS biyu aka yada a cikin kaushi ko surfactant magunguna kuma bisa ultrasonication ko karfi blending.
Wannan fasaha yana haifar da dakatarwar colloidal na nanoflakes wanda za'a iya canjawa wuri ta hanyar sutura, inkjet bugu, ko fesa gama, kunna manyan aikace-aikacen yanki kamar na'urorin lantarki iri-iri da yadudduka.
Girman, yawa, kuma kauri daga cikin ɓangarorin da aka goge sun dogara da ma'aunin sarrafawa, kunsha lokacin sonication, zaɓin sauran ƙarfi, da centrifugation gudun.
2.2 Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Fim
Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar sutura, manyan fina-finai, sinadaran tururi jijiya (CVD) Haƙiƙa ya ƙare kasancewa babban kwas ɗin haɗakarwa don ƙimar MoS yadudduka biyu.
A cikin CVD, molybdenum da sulfur precursors– kamar molybdenum trioxide (MO ₃) da sulfur foda– ana kwashewa kuma ana mayar da martani akan ɗumi-ɗumi kamar silikon dioxide ko sapphire a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa.
Ta hanyar daidaita yanayin zafi, damuwa, farashin wurare dabam dabam na gas, da kuma substrate surface yankin ikon, Masana kimiyya za su iya girma dawwama monolayers ko tara multilayers tare da sarrafa yankin suna girma da crystallinity.
Madadin hanyoyin sun ƙunshi jigon atomic Layer (ALD), wanda ke ba da iko mafi girman kauri a matakin angstrom, da tururi na jiki (PVD), kamar sputtering, wanda ya dace da wuraren masana'anta na semiconductor.
Waɗannan hanyoyin daidaitawa suna da mahimmanci don haɗa MoS biyu zuwa tsarin dijital na masana'antu da na'urorin lantarki, inda jituwa da sake haifuwa ke da matukar muhimmanci.
3. Ingantaccen Tribological da Aikace-aikacen Lubrication na Masana'antu
3.1 Tsarin Lubrication Mai ƙarfi-Jihar
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi yawan amfani da MoS ₂ shine azaman mai mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a cikin yanayi inda mai da mai ba su da isasshen ko maras so..
Rawanin interlayer van der Waals sojojin sun ba da damar S– Mo– S zanen gado don zamewa a kan juna tare da juriya kadan, wanda ya haifar da raguwar ƙima na shafa– kullum a tsakanin 0.05 kuma 0.1 a bushe ko matsalolin bushewa.
Wannan lubricity yana da amfani musamman a sararin samaniya, injin tsabtace tsarin, da kayan aiki masu zafi, inda kayan shafawa na gargajiya zasu iya yin tururi, oxidize, ko raunana.
Ana iya amfani da MoS ₂ azaman busasshen foda, daure shafi, ko kuma a watse cikin mai, man shafawa, da mahadi na polymer don haɓaka juriya da rage juriya a cikin bearings, kayan aiki, da kira mai yawo.
Ana ƙara haɓaka ingancin sa a cikin mahalli masu ɗanɗano saboda tallan barbashi na ruwa waɗanda ke aiki azaman mai mai a tsakanin yadudduka., ko da yake matsananciyar rigar na iya haifar da oxidation da lalata tare da lokaci.
3.2 Haɗin Haɗin Gwiwa da Inganta Juriya
Ana yawan haɗa MoS ₂ cikin ƙarfe, yumbu, da matrices na polymer don samar da mahadi masu shafan kai tare da tsawan rayuwar sabis.
A cikin abubuwan haɗin ƙarfe-matrix, kamar MoS ₂-ƙarfafa nauyi aluminium ko karfe, lokacin mai mai yana rage juzu'i a iyakokin hatsi kuma yana hana lalacewa.
A cikin nau'in polymer, musamman a cikin ƙirar robobi kamar PEEK ko nailan, MoS ₂ yana haɓaka ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi kuma yana rage girman juzu'i ba tare da yin haɗari da ƙarfin injin.
Ana amfani da waɗannan mahadi a cikin bushes, hatimi, da abubuwa masu yawo a cikin mota, masana'antu, da aikace-aikacen ruwa.
Bugu da kari, MoS da aka fesa plasma-fasa ko sputter-ajiye MoS ana amfani da sutura biyu a cikin sojoji da tsarin sararin samaniya., wanda ya kunshi injunan jet da hanyoyin tauraron dan adam, inda dogara a ƙarƙashin matsanancin matsaloli yana da mahimmanci.
4. Ayyuka masu tasowa a cikin Makamashi, Kayan lantarki, da Catalysis
4.1 Aikace-aikace a cikin Ma'ajiyar Makamashi da Juyawa
Bayan lubrication da lantarki, MoS biyu a zahiri sun sami shahara a fasahar zamani na makamashi, musamman a matsayin mai kara kuzari ga amsawar ci gaban hydrogen (ITA) a cikin ruwa electrolysis.
Shafukan da ke da kuzari suna kwance a kusa da S– Mo– S yadudduka, inda molybdenum da sulfur atom ɗin da ba a haɗa su ba suna taimakawa wajen tallan proton da haɓaka H ₂..
Yayin da yawancin MoS biyu basu da kuzari fiye da platinum, nanostructuring– kamar haɓaka madaidaitan nanosheets ko nanolayers na injiniyoyi masu lahani– da yawa kara habaka kauri daga cikin kuzari gefen yanar, yana zuwa kusa da ingancin abubuwan kara kuzari na kasa-kasa.
Wannan ya sa MoS TWO ya zama mai rahusa mai ƙaranci, duniya-yawan zabi ga kore hydrogen samar.
A cikin sararin ajiyar makamashi, Ana bincika MoS biyu azaman abu na anode a cikin batirin lithium-ion da batir sodium-ion sakamakon babban ƙarfinsa na ilimi. (~ 670 mAh/g ga Li) da tsarin da aka yi da shi wanda ke ba da damar haɗin gwiwar ion.
Duk da haka, Kalubale kamar haɓaka girma yayin hawan keke da ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki suna buƙatar hanyoyin kamar haɓakar carbon ko haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka don haɓaka cyclability da aikin farashi..
4.2 Haɗuwa cikin Na'urori masu Mahimmanci da Jumla
A inji sassauci, bayyana gaskiya, da yanayin semiconducting na MoS biyu ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan fata don na'urorin lantarki masu sassauƙa na gaba da sawa..
Transistor da aka yi daga monolayer MoS biyu suna nuni da girman kunnawa/kashe (> 10 ⁸) da motsi darajar kamar yadda 500 santimita BIYU/V · s a cikin nau'ikan da aka dakatar, kunna matsananci-bakin ciki dabaru da'irori, na'urori masu auna firikwensin, da kayan aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Lokacin da aka haɗa tare da wasu kayan 2D daban-daban kamar graphene (don masu lantarki) da kuma boron nitride hexagonal (don rufi), MoS ₂ iri van der Waals heterostructures waɗanda suka yi kama da na'urorin semiconductor na gargajiya duk da haka tare da daidaitaccen ma'aunin atomic..
Ana binciko waɗannan kayan aikin heterostructure don tunneling transistor, batirin hasken rana, da kuma yawan emitters.
Haka kuma, Ƙarfin jujjuyawar juzu'i mai ƙarfi da haɓakar kwari a cikin MoS biyu suna ba da tsari don kayan aikin spintronic da valleytronic., inda aka rubuta bayanin ba a kula ba, duk da haka a cikin adadin 'yanci, mai yuwuwar haifar da ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga masu ƙarancin ƙarfi.
A sake fasalin, molybdenum disulfide yana nuna haɗakar makamashin abu na gargajiya da fasaha mai ƙididdigewa..
Daga aikinsa a matsayin mai ɗorewa mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a cikin matsanancin yanayi zuwa fasalinsa azaman semiconductor a cikin na'urar lantarki mai sirara mai ƙarfi kuma mai haɓakawa a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki mai dorewa., MoS ₂ na ci gaba da sake fasalta iyakokin kimiyyar samfura.
Yayin da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa ke haɓakawa da dabarun haɗin kai suna girma, MoS ₂ an sanya shi don yin babban aiki a nan gaba na samar da ci gaba, makamashi mai tsabta, da Quantum infotech.
Mai bayarwa
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