1. Usoro dị mkpa yana ogo nke Molybdenum Disulfide
1.1 kristal Design na Layered bonding System
(Molybdenum disulfide ntụ ntụ)
Molybdenum disulfide (MOS ABỤỌ) bụ metal dichalcogenide mgbanwe (TMD) nke abụrụla ngwaahịa isi nkuku na ngwa ụlọ ọrụ na-adịghị agafe agafe yana nanotechnology ọhụrụ.
N'ọkwa atọm, MoS ₂ kristal n'ụdị dị larịị ebe oyi akwa nke ọ bụla nwere ụgbọ elu nke molybdenum atom nke jikọtara ọnụ n'etiti ụgbọ elu abụọ nke atọm sọlfọ., na-emepe emepe S– Mo– S trilayer.
Ndị agha van der Waals na-adịghị ike na-ejide ibe ha, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịkwachaa n'etiti ọkwa ndị gbara ya gburugburu– ụlọ nke na-akwado mmanu ya pụrụ iche.
Oge kacha ewu ewu na-ekpo ọkụ bụ 2H (hexagonal) usoro, nke bụ semiconducting ma gosipụta bandgap kpọmkwem na ụdị monolayer, na-atụgharị gaa na bandgap na-apụtaghị ìhè na nnukwu.
Mmetụta njide nke a quantum, ebe akụrụngwa dijitalụ na-agbanwe nke ukwuu na njupụta, makes MoS ₂ a design system for researching two-dimensional (2D) products beyond graphene.
N'akụkụ aka nke ọzọ, the less usual 1T (tetragonal) phase is metal and metastable, typically generated through chemical or electrochemical intercalation, and is of rate of interest for catalytic and energy storage space applications.
1.2 Digital Band Structure and Optical Feedback
The digital residential properties of MoS ₂ are extremely dimensionality-dependent, making it a special system for discovering quantum phenomena in low-dimensional systems.
Na nnukwu ụdị, MoS ₂ acts as an indirect bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap of roughly 1.2 eV.
Agbanyeghị, when thinned down to a single atomic layer, quantum confinement impacts cause a change to a straight bandgap of concerning 1.8 eV, situated at the K-point of the Brillouin zone.
Mgbanwe a na-eme ka o kwe omume maka fotoluminescence siri ike na nkwurịta okwu ọkụ-ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, na-eme monolayer MoS ₂ dabara nke ọma maka ngwa optoelectronic dị ka fotodetectors., diodes na-enye ọkụ (Igwe ọkụ), na mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ.
Ndị na-eduzi na valence bands na-egosipụta nnukwu mkpokọta spin-orbit, na-eme ka physics dabere na ndagwurugwu ebe K na K 'valleys dị na mbara igwe nwere ike ịga n'ụzọ pụrụ iche site na iji ìhè polarized okirikiri.– a onu na-ezo dị ka ndagwurugwu Hall mmetụta.
( Molybdenum disulfide ntụ ntụ)
Ikike valleytronic a na-emepe ụzọ ọhụrụ maka itinye koodu na ijikwa ngwaọrụ eletrọnịkị nke dabere na ụgwọ gara aga..
Ọzọkwa, MoS ₂ na-egosipụta mmetụta excitonic siri ike na ọkwa ọnọdụ okpomọkụ n'ihi ntakịrị nyocha dielectric dị na ụdị 2D., ya na ike ike nke exciton na-eru ọtụtụ narị meV, nke ukwuu karịa ndị nọ na semiconductors nkịtị.
2. Usoro Synthesis na Usoro Mmepụta Scalable
2.1 Peeling dị n'elu na nrụpụta Nanoflake
Mwepu nke monolayer na obere oyi akwa MoS abụọ malitere site na nchacha igwe, atụmatụ tụnyere nke “Ụzọ teepu Scotch” eji maka graphene.
Usoro a na-eweghachite flakes dị elu nwere obere ntụpọ yana ọmarịcha ebe obibi eletrọnịkị, zuru okè maka isi ọmụmụ na nlereanya ngwaọrụ ewu.
Ka o sina dị, n'ibu exfoliation bụ ndammana oke na scalability na akụkụ akụkụ njikwa, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-ekwesịghị ekwesị maka ngwa mmepụta ihe.
Iji dozie nke a, Ewupụtala mkpochapụ nke usoro mmiri mmiri, ebe nnukwu MoS abụọ na-agbasa na ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ surfactant na dabere na ultrasonication ma ọ bụ shiee ngwakọta..
Usoro a na-emepụta nkwusioru colloidal nke nanoflakes nke enwere ike ibufe site na mkpuchi mkpuchi, ebipụta inkjet, ma ọ bụ ịgbasa imecha, na-eme ka ngwa mpaghara buru ibu dị ka ngwa eletrọnịkị bara ụba na akwa akwa.
Nha, njupụta, na ntụpọ ntụpọ nke flakes ndị a kpochapụrụ na-adabere na njirisi nhazi, gụnyere oge sonication, ihe mgbaze nhọrọ, na centrifugation ọsọ.
2.2 Mmepe dị n'okpuru na ntinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa
Maka ngwa chọrọ uwe, nnukwu ihe nkiri, kemịkalụ vapor ntinye (CVD) ejedebela n'ezie ịbụ usoro nhazi nke na-eduga maka ọkwa MoS dị elu.
Na CVD, molybdenum na sulfur precursors– dị ka molybdenum trioxide (MOO ₃) na sọlfọ ntụ ntụ– A na-ekpochapụ ma na-emeghachi omume na mkpụrụ osisi ndị na-ekpo ọkụ dị ka silicon dioxide ma ọ bụ sapphire n'okpuru ebe a na-achịkwa.
Site n'imezi ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, nrụgide, ọnụahịa mgbasa ozi gas, na substrate elu ebe ike, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike itolite monolayers mgbe niile ma ọ bụ kpokọtara multilayers nwere ngalaba aha njikwa na kristal.
Ụzọ ndị ọzọ bụ ntinye oyi akwa atomic (ALD), nke na-enye njikwa ọkpụrụkpụ dị elu na ogo angstrom, na ikpo ọkụ anụ ahụ (PVD), dị ka sputtering, nke dakọtara na ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta semiconductor dị ugbu a.
Ụzọ ndị a nwere ike ịgbatị dị mkpa maka itinye MoS abụọ n'ime usoro dijitalụ mmepụta ihe na optoelectronic, ebe nkwekọ na mmeghari dị oke mkpa.
3. Ngwa Tribological arụmọrụ yana ngwa mmanye ụlọ ọrụ
3.1 Sistemu nke mmanu Steeti siri ike
One of the oldest and most extensive uses MoS ₂ is as a strong lubricant in atmospheres where fluid oils and oils are inadequate or unwanted.
The weak interlayer van der Waals forces allow the S– Mo– S sheets to slide over one another with very little resistance, resulting in a really reduced coefficient of rubbing– normally in between 0.05 na 0.1 in dry or vacuum problems.
This lubricity is particularly beneficial in aerospace, vacuum systems, and high-temperature equipment, where traditional lubricants might vaporize, oxidize, or weaken.
MoS ₂ can be applied as a dry powder, bound coating, or dispersed in oils, greases, and polymer compounds to boost wear resistance and minimize friction in bearings, equipments, and gliding calls.
A na-abawanye arụmọrụ ya na gburugburu iru mmiri n'ihi mgbasa nke akụkụ mmiri nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mmanụ molekụla n'etiti ọkwa., ọ bụ ezie na oke mmiri mmiri nwere ike ime ka oxidation na mbibi na oge.
3.2 Mgbakwunye ngwakọta na Mmelite Nguzogide eyi
A na-etinyekarị MoS₂ na ọla, seramiiki, na polymer matrices iji mepụta ogige mmanye onwe ya na ogologo ndụ ọrụ.
Na metal-matrix composites, dị ka aluminom ma ọ bụ ígwè dị arọ nke MoS ₂ gbasiri ike, usoro mmanu mmanu na-ebelata esemokwu na oke ọka ma gbochie iyi gluu.
Na ngwakọta polymer, kpọmkwem na imewe plastik dị ka PEEK ma ọ bụ naịlọn, MoS ₂ na-eme ka ikike ibu ibu ma belata ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu na-etinyeghị ike n'ọrụ n'ihe egwu..
A na-eji ogige ndị a eme ihe na bushes, akara, na ihe na-egbuke egbuke n'ime ụgbọ ala, ulo oru, na ngwa mmiri.
Na mgbakwunye, A na-eji ihe mkpuchi abụọ nke MoS na-efesa plasma ma ọ bụ sputter etinyere n'ọrụ ndị agha na sistemụ ikuku., nke nwere igwe jet na usoro satịlaịtị, ebe ntụkwasị obi n'okpuru nnukwu nsogbu dị oke egwu.
4. Ọrụ na-apụta na ike, Eletrọnịkị, na Catalysis
4.1 Ngwa dị na Nchekwa Ike yana Ngbanwe
Ewezuga mmanu mmanu na eletrọnịkị, MoS abụọ enwetala ama ama na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ ike, karịsịa dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka mmeghachi omume mmepe hydrogen (YA) na mmiri electrolysis.
Saịtị ndị na-eme ka ike dị ike dabere n'akụkụ S– Mo– S n'ígwé, Ebe molybdenum na sulfur atoms na-akwadoghị na-enyere aka na proton adsorption na mmepe H ₂..
Ebe nnukwu MoS abụọ adịghị ike karịa platinum, nanostructuring– dị ka ịmepụta nanosheets kwụ ọtọ kwụ ọtọ ma ọ bụ monolayers arụrụ arụrụ– na-abawanye nke ukwuu na ọkpụrụkpụ nke weebụsaịtị n'akụkụ ike, na-abịaru nso na arụmọrụ nke ihe na-akpali akpali nke ụwa.
Nke a na-eme MoS TWO ka ọ bụrụ ọnụ ala dị ala na-agba ume, oke nke uwa maka mmepụta hydrogen green.
Na ohere nchekwa ike, A na-enyocha MoS abụọ dị ka ihe anode na lithium-ion na batrị sodium-ion n'ihi ikike agụmakwụkwọ ya dị elu. (~ 670 mAh/g maka Li) na usoro dị larịị nke na-enyere ion aka intercalation.
Agbanyeghị, Ihe ịma aka dị ka uto olu n'oge ịnya igwe na obere eletriki eletrik chọrọ ụzọ dị ka hybridization carbon ma ọ bụ mmepe heterostructure iji kwalite cyclability na arụmọrụ ọnụahịa..
4.2 Ngwakọta n'ime Ngwa dị iche iche na Quantum
The n'ibu mgbanwe, nghọta, na semiconducting ọdịdị nke MoS abụọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ atụmanya kachasị mma maka ngwaọrụ eletrọnịkị na-agbanwe na ọgbọ na-abịa..
Transistor mere site na monolayer MoS ngosipụta abụọ dị elu ma ọ bụ gbanyụọ (> 10 ⁸) na agagharị na-aba uru ka ukwuu 500 centimita abụọ/V · s n'ụdị kwụsịtụrụ, na-eme ka sekit mgbagha dị mkpa, sensọ, na ebe nchekwa ngwaọrụ.
Mgbe ejikọtara ya na ihe ndị ọzọ 2D dị ka graphene (maka electrodes) na hexagonal boron nitride (maka mkpuchi), MoS ₂ ụdị van der Waals heterostructures ndị yiri ngwaọrụ semiconductor ọdịnala ma nwee nkenke nha atọm..
A na-enyocha ihe ndị a heterostructures maka tunneling transistor, batrị anyanwụ, na quantum emitters.
Ọzọkwa, njikọ siri ike na-agbagharị okirikiri na ndagwurugwu na MoS abụọ na-enye usoro maka ngwa spintronic na valleytronic., ebe a na-edeghị ozi anaghị elekọta ya, ma n'ogo nke nnwere onwe, nwere ike iduga n'ụkpụrụ kọmpụta dị obere.
Na nchịkọta, molybdenum disulfide na-egosipụta njikọ nke ike ihe oge gboo na teknụzụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke quantum.
Site na ọrụ ya dị ka mmanụ mmanu siri ike na-adịgide adịgide na gburugburu ebe dị oke egwu ruo njiri ya dị ka semiconductor na ngwa eletrọnịkị dị gịrịgịrị yana ihe na-eme ka sistemu ike na-adịgide adịgide., MoS ₂ na-aga n'ihu na-akọwapụta oke nke sayensị ngwaahịa.
Ka usoro njikọ na-abawanye na usoro ntinye aka na-eto, MoS ₂ ka edobere ka ọ rụọ ọrụ bụ isi n'ọdịnihu nke mmepụta dị elu, ike dị ọcha, na quantum infotech.
Onye na-enye
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