1. Ebe obibi dị mkpa yana omume Nanoscale nke Silicon na Submicron Frontier
1.1 Mkpọchi nke Quantum na mgbanwe usoro eletrọnịkị
(Nano-Silicon ntụ ntụ)
Nano-silicon ntụ ntụ, mebere nke silicon ibe n'ibe nwere akụkụ ụfọdụ edepụtara n'okpuru 100 nanometers, na-anọchi anya mgbanwe ọkọlọtọ site na nnukwu silicon n'omume anụ ahụ yana ịba uru.
Ebe nnukwu silicon bụ semiconductor bandgap na-apụtaghị ìhè nwere bandgap nke mkpokọta 1.12 eV, nano-sizing na-akpata nsonaazụ njide nke na-agbanwe n'ụzọ eletrọnịkị na ngwa ụlọ obibi ya.
Mgbe ụzọ nha bit ma ọ bụ daa n'okpuru exciton Bohr anya nke silicon (~ 5 nm), ndị na-enye ọrụ ego na-ejedebe na-egbochi ohere, na-eduga na mgbasawanye nke bandgap na iwebata fotoluminescence a na-ahụ anya– mmetụta nke enweghị silicon macroscopic.
Ndabere dabere nha a na-eme ka enwere ike nano-silicon hapụ ọkụ n'oge niile a na-ahụ anya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ atụmanya na-adọrọ adọrọ maka optoelectronics dabeere na silicon, ebe silicon nkịtị na-akwụsị ịrụ ọrụ n'ihi ezughị ezu radiative recombination irè.
Ọzọkwa, oke elu na-ebuli elu na nanoscale na-eme ka mmetụta ndị metụtara elu dị elu, nke mejupụtara kemịkalụ mmetụta, ọrụ catalytic, na nkwurịta okwu na mpaghara electromagnetic.
Nsonaazụ quantum ndị a abụghị naanị ọchịchọ mmụta mmụta mana mepụtara ntọala maka ngwa ọgbọ na-abịa n'ike., na-achọpụta, na biomedicine.
1.2 Ụdị ọdịdị ọdịdị ọdịdị ọdịdị na kemịkalụ mpaghara elu
Nano-silicon ntụ ntụ nwere ike ịmepụta n'ọtụtụ morphologies, gụnyere nanoparticles okirikiri, nanowires, nanostructures permeable, na ntụpọ quantum crystalline, onye ọ bụla na-enye uru pụrụ iche dabere na ngwa ebumnuche.
Crystalline nano-silicon n'ozuzu na-edobe ruby cubic kpuchie nke silicon uka agbanyeghị na-egosiputa a ukwuu ọkpụrụkpụ nke elu okwu na dangling agbụ., nke kwesịrị ịbụ passivated iji kwụsie ike ihe.
Ịrụ ọrụ mpaghara elu– a na-enwetakarị site na oxidation, hydrosilylation, ma ọ bụ ligand tinye-na– na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ịchọpụta nchekwa colloidal, dispersibility, na ndakọrịta na matrices na ogige ma ọ bụ ikuku ndu.
Dị ka ihe atụ, hydrogen-akwụsị nano-silicon na-ekpughe mmetụta dị elu ma na-enwekarị ikuku oxidation, ebe alkyl- ma ọ bụ polyethylene glycol (PEG)-Ahụhụ ndị kpuchiri ekpuchi na-egosipụta nkwụsi ike dị mma yana ndakọrịta ndụ maka ojiji biomedical.
( Nano-Silicon ntụ ntụ)
Ọnụnọ nke oyi akwa oxide ụmụ amaala (SiOₓ) na urughuru elu ebe, ọbụna n'ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta, na-emetụta n'ụzọ dị egwu eletriki conductivity, lithium-ion mgbasa kinetics, na mmeghachi omume interfacial, karịsịa na ngwa batrị.
Ịghọta na ịhazi kemịkalụ elu bụ n'ihi nke a dị mkpa maka iji ikike nano-silicon zuru oke na sistemụ nwere ezi uche..
2. Usoro ntinye aka na usoro mmepụta ihe nwere ike ịbelata
2.1 Atụmatụ dị n'elu-ala: Ịgba igwe, Etching, na Laser Ablation
Ịmepụta ntụ ntụ nano-silicon nwere ike ịkewa n'ụzọ sara mbara n'ime usoro elu-ala na nke ala, nke ọ bụla nwere scalability dị iche iche, ịdị ọcha, na morphological akara àgwà.
Usoro mgbada n'elu gụnyere mbelata anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ nke nnukwu silicon n'ime iberibe nanoscale.
Egwe ọka gburugburu ike dị elu bụ usoro azụmahịa a na-ejikarị eme ihe, ebe akụkụ silicon na-aga site na igwe na-egweri siri ike na ikuku inert, na-eme ka micron- ruo nano-sized powders.
Mgbe ọnụ na scalable, usoro a na-ebutekarị ntụpọ kristal, mmetọ sitere na mgbasa ozi grating, na nnukwu urughuru akụkụ mgbasa, na-akpọ maka ịsachacha usoro nhazi.
Magnesiothermic mbelata nke silica (SiO Abụọ) na-esote acid leaching bụ ụzọ ọzọ nwere ike itolite, ọkachasị mgbe ị na-eji akụrụngwa silica sitere n'okike ma ọ bụ n'efu dị ka husk osikapa ma ọ bụ diatoms., iji ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide gaa nano-silicon.
Mwepu nke laser na etching plasma na-anabata bụ ọtụtụ ụzọ ziri ezi n'elu gbadata, Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịwepụta nano-silicon dị ọcha nke nwere kristal a na-achịkwa, Otú ọ dị na ọnụ ahịa dị elu ma belata mmepụta.
2.2 Ụzọ ala-elu: Usoro gas na Ngwọta-mmepe nke oge
Nkwekọrịta dị n'okpuru na-enye ohere ijikwa oke nha nha, ụdị, na crystallinity site na-ewu nanostructures atọm site atọm.
Ntụkwasị mmiri kemịkalụ (CVD) na CVD kwalitere plasma (PECVD) mee ka o kwe omume mmepe nke nano-silicon sitere na ndị na-ebu ụzọ ikuku dị ka silane (SiH ₄) ma ọ bụ kwụsị (Si ₂ H₆), na njirisi dị ka ọkwa okpomọkụ, nrụgide, na gas eruba dictating nucleation na mmepe kinetics.
Usoro ndị a bụ ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ya karịsịa maka ịmepụta silicon nanocrystals arụnyere na dielectric matrices maka optoelectronic Ngwa..
Ngwọta-nhazi njikọ, gụnyere nkuzi colloidal na-eji ogige organosilicon, na-enyere aka n'ichepụta ntụpọ silicon quantum monodisperse nwere ogologo ogologo iyuzucha.
Mgbasa ọkụ nke silane na ihe mgbaze na-esi elu ma ọ bụ njikọ mmiri dị oke egwu na-ebutekwa nano-silicon dị elu yana nkesa akụkụ dị warara., dị mma maka akara biomedical na imaging.
Ọ bụ ezie na usoro n'okpuru ala na-emepụtakarị àgwà kachasị elu nke ụwa, ha na-eche ihe isi ike ihu na nnukwu mmepụta na ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa, na-achọ nyocha na-aga n'ihu n'ime usoro ngwakọ na-aga n'ihu.
3. Ngwa ike: Na-agbanwe batrị Lithium-ion na Beyond-Lithium
3.1 Ọrụ dị na anodes nwere ikike dị elu maka batrị lithium-ion
Otu n'ime ngwa mgbanwe nano-silicon ntụ ntụ na-adabere na ohere nchekwa ike, karịsịa dị ka ihe anode na batrị lithium-ion (LIBs).
Silicon na-enye ikike agụmakwụkwọ pụrụ iche nke ~ 3579 mAh/g dabere na nhazi nke Li ₁₅ Si Four, nke dị nso 10 ugboro dị elu karịa nke graphite omenala (372 mAh/g).
Agbanyeghị, nnukwu mgbasawanye olu (~ 300%) n'oge lithation na-akpalite urughuru pulverization, mfu nke kọntaktị eletrik, na-aga n'ihu siri ike electrolyte interphase (BE) nhazi, na-eduga ngwa ngwa ike discolor.
Nanostructuring na-ebelata nsogbu ndị a site na ibelata ọmụmụ mgbasa ozi lithium, ịkwado nsogbu nke ọma karị, na ibelata ohere mgbape.
Nano-silicon n'ụdị nanoparticles, permeable frameworks, ma ọ bụ ụlọ nkochi ime akwa-shell na-eme ka ọ dị mfe iji dozie ịgba ígwè na arụmọrụ Coulombic na ndụ okirikiri..
Teknụzụ batrị ọgbara ọhụrụ na-ere ahịa na-ejikọta ngwakọta nano-silicon (eg, ihe mejupụtara silicon-carbon) na anodes iji welie ike ọkpụrụkpụ na ndị ahịa eletrọnịkị ngwaọrụ, ụgbọ ala eletrik, na usoro nchekwa grid.
3.2 Enwere ike na sodium-ion, Potassium-ion, na Batrị Steeti siri ike
Na mgbakwunye na sistemụ lithium-ion, A na-enyocha nano-silicon na kemistri batrị na-apụta.
Ọ bụ ezie na sịlịkọn adịghị emeghachi omume na nnu karịa lithium, nano-sizing na-akwalite kinetics ma mee ka ntinye Na ⁺ nwere oke, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ atụmanya maka anodes batrị sodium-ion, karịsịa mgbe alloy ma ọ bụ mejupụtara ya na tin ma ọ bụ antimony.
Na batrị steeti siri ike, ebe nkwụsi ike n'ibu na oghere ndị ọrụ electrode-electrolyte dị mkpa, Ikike nano-silicon ime ihe mgbochi plastik n'obere oke na-ebelata esemokwu n'etiti ihu ma na-eme ka kọntaktị na mmezi..
Na mgbakwunye, ndakọrịta ya na sulfide- na oxide dabeere ike electrolytes na-emepe ụzọ maka ọtụtụ nchekwa, ọgwụgwọ dị elu-ike-njupụta nchekwa.
Nchọpụta na-aga n'ihu na-ebuli nhazi ihu onye ọrụ yana ụzọ izizi iji nweta ohere zuru oke nke ogologo ndụ na arụmọrụ nke nano-silicon dabeere na electrodes..
4. Ndị na-eto eto na Photonics, Ọgwụ nje, na Ngwakọta Ngwakọta
4.1 Ngwa dị na Optoelectronics na Quantum Light
Ụlọ fotoluminescent nke nano-silicon emeghachila mbọ iji mepụta ngwa na-enye ọkụ sitere na silicon., ihe isi ike na-adịte aka na fotonic agbakwunyere.
N'adịghị ka nnukwu silicon, ntụpọ nano-silicon quantum nwere ike igosipụta nke ọma, fotoluminescence nke a na-ahụ anya na nke a na-ahụ anya na nso nso infrared, na-eme ka isi iyi ọkụ na mgbawa dakọtara na metal-oxide-semiconductor nkwado (CMOS) ihe ọhụrụ.
A na-etinye ihe ndị a nanomaterials ozugbo n'ime diode na-ebunye ọkụ (Igwe ọkụ), fotodetector, yana igwe ikuku jikọtara ọnụ maka njikọ njikọ anya na iburu ngwa.
Ọzọkwa, nano-silicon nke arụrụ n'elu na-egosiputa ikpochapụ otu foto n'okpuru nhazi nsogbu akọwapụtara, idobe ya dị ka usoro enwere ike maka nhazi ozi quantum yana nzikọrịta ozi echekwara.
4.2 Ngwa biomedical na gburugburu ebe obibi
Na biomedicine, nano-silicon ntụ ntụ na-enweta mmasị dị ka biocompatible, ndammana-emebi emebi, na ihe ọzọ na-adịghị egbu egbu na ntụpọ quantum dabere na nnukwu ígwè maka bioimaging na nnyefe ọgwụ.
Enwere ike imepụta irighiri ihe nano-silicon arụrụ n'elu iji gbado sel ndị akọwapụtara, wepụta ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ na-arụ ọrụ na pH ma ọ bụ enzymes, ma nye nlebanya fluorescence ozugbo.
Nbibi ha kpọmkwem n'ime silicic acid (Na(OH)ANU), ihe sitere n'okike na nke pụrụ ịpụpụ, na-ebelata nsogbu nsị na-adịte aka.
Na mgbakwunye, A na-enyocha nano-silicon maka mmezi gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka mbibi photocatalytic nke mmetọ n'okpuru ìhè a na-ahụ anya ma ọ bụ dị ka onye nnọchiteanya na-eweda ala na usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri.
Na ihe mejupụtara, nano-silicon na-eme ka ume ọrụ dị mma, nkwụsi ike thermal, ma na-eyi ihe mgbochi mgbe etinyere ya na ọla, ceramik, ma ọ bụ polymer, karịsịa na ikuku ikuku na akụrụngwa.
Na ngwụcha, nano-silicon ntụ ntụ guzo na crossway nke isi nanoscience na mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ.
Ngwakọta dị iche iche nke mmetụta quantum, elu reactivity, na mma n'oge niile ike, ngwa eletrọnịkị, na sayensị ndụ na-emesi ọrụ ya ike dị ka ihe dị mkpa na-enyere teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ aka.
Dị ka usoro njikọ aka ọganihu na mwekota ihe ịma aka na-alaghachi azụ, nano-silicon ga-aga n'ihu na-akwalite mmepe n'ịrụ ọrụ dị elu, na-adịgide adịgide, na multifunctional ihe usoro.
5. Onye na-ebu ihe
TRUNNANO bụ onye na-eweta Spherical Tungsten Powder nwere ihe karịrị 12 afọ nke ahụmahụ na nano-ewu ike nchekwa na mmepe nanotechnology. Ọ na-anabata ịkwụ ụgwọ site na kaadị kredit, T/T, West Union na Paypal. Trunnano ga-ebuga ndị ahịa ngwaahịa ahụ na mba ofesi site na FedEx, DHL, site n'ikuku, ma ọ bụ site n'oké osimiri. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịmatakwu banyere Spherical Tungsten Powder, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ anyị wee ziga ajụjụ([email protected]).
Tags: Nano-Silicon ntụ ntụ, Silicon ntụ ntụ, Silikoni
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