1. Libaka tsa Bolulo tsa Bohlokoa le Liketso tsa Nanoscale tsa Silicon ho Submicron Frontier
1.1 Ho Koalloa ha Quantum le Phetoho ea Moralo oa Elektronike
(Phofo ea Nano-Silicon)
Nano-silicon phofo, e entsoe ka likotoana tsa silicon tse nang le litekanyo tse itseng tse thathamisitsoeng ka tlase 100 li-nanometers, e emetse phetoho e tloaelehileng ho tloha ho silicon e ngata liketsong tsa 'mele le ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso.
Le hoja silicon e ngata e le semiconductor e sa tobang ea bandgap e nang le bandgap ea hoo e ka bang 1.12 eV, nano-sizing e baka litlamorao tsa ho ts'oaroa ha quantum tse fetolang thepa ea eona ea elektroniki le ea optical.
Ha nyenyane boholo mekhoa kapa marotholi ka tlaase ho exciton Bohr sebaka sa silicon (~ 5 nm), bafani ba litšebeletso tsa litefiso ba qetella ba le tlas'a khatello ea sebaka, e lebisang ho atoloseng ha lekhalo le ho kenngoa ha photoluminescence e hlokomelehang– maikutlo a haellang ka silicon e kholo.
Ts'ebetso ena e itšetlehileng ka boholo e etsa hore ho khonehe hore nano-silicon e lokolle leseli hohle sebakeng se bonahalang, e etsa hore e be tebello e khahlang bakeng sa li-optoelectronics tse thehiloeng ho silicon, moo silicon e tloaelehileng e khaotsang ho sebetsa ka lebaka la katleho ea eona e sa lekaneng ea ho kopanya mahlaseli.
Ho feta moo, tekanyo e matlafalitsoeng ea holimo ho ea holimo ho nanoscale e ntlafatsa maikutlo a amanang le holimo, e nang le kutloisiso ea lik'hemik'hale, ts'ebetso ea catalytic, le puisano le masimo a electromagnetic.
Liphetho tsena tsa palo ha se litabatabelo tsa thuto feela empa li theha motheo oa lits'ebetso tsa moloko o tlang ka matla., hlokomela, le biomedicine.
1.2 Phapang ea Morphological le Surface Area Chemistry
Nano-silicon phofo e ka etsoa ka morphologies e mengata, ho kenyelletsa le nanoparticles e chitja, nanowires, nanostructures e khonang, le matheba a crystalline quantum, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e fana ka melemo e ikhethang e itšetlehileng ka ts'ebeliso ea sepheo.
Crystalline nano-silicon ka kakaretso e boloka moralo oa ruby cubic oa silicon e kholo empa e bonts'a mathata a mangata a holim'a metsi le litlamo tse leketlang., e tlamehang ho fetisoa ho tsitsisa litaba.
Ts'ebetso ea sebaka sa bokaholimo– e fumanehang hangata ka ho oxidation, hydrosilylation, kapa tlatsetso ea ligand– e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho tsebahatseng ts'ireletso ea colloidal, ho qhalakana, le ho tsamaellana le matrices ka metsoako kapa tikoloho ea baeloji.
E le mohlala, hydrogen-terinated nano-silicon e senola kutlo e phahameng mme e na le monyetla oa ho ba le oxidation moeeng, athe alkyl- kapa polyethylene glycol (PEG)-likaroloana tse koahetsoeng li bonts'a botsitso bo ntlafalitsoeng le biocompatibility bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea biomedical.
( Phofo ea Nano-Silicon)
Boteng ba lera la oxide ea matsoalloa (SiOₓ) sebakeng sa karoloana, esita le ka bongata bo fokolang haholo, e susumetsa haholo conductivity ea motlakase, lithium-ion diffusion kinetics, le karabelo ya sefahleho, haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tsa betri.
Ho utloisisa le ho laola k'hemistri ea holim'a metsi ke ka lebaka leo ho hlokahalang bakeng sa ho sebelisa matla a feletseng a nano-silicon ka mekhoa e utloahalang..
2. Litsela tsa Synthesis le Mekhoa ea Tlhahiso e Scalable
2.1 Maano a holimo-tlase: Milling, Etching, le Laser Ablation
Ho etsoa ha phofshoana ea nano-silicon ho ka aroloa ka mokhoa o pharaletseng ka mekhoa ea holimo-tlase le ho ea holimo, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le scalability e ikhethang, bohloeki, le makhabane a ho laola mofofoloji.
Mekhoa ea holimo-tlase e kenyelletsa ho fokotseha ha 'mele kapa lik'hemik'hale tsa silicon e ngata hore e be likhechana tsa nanoscale.
Ho sila ho pota-pota ka matla a phahameng ke mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo oa khoebo, moo likaroloana tsa silicon li kenang ka har'a ho sila ka mokhoa o matla sebakeng se se nang moea, ho baka micron- ho phofo ea nano-size.
Le hoja e ka theko e tlaase ebile e ka senyeha, mokhoa ona hangata o hlahisa mefokolo ea kristale, tšilafalo ho tsoa mecheng ea litaba ea grating, le potoloho e pharaletseng ea likaroloana, ho bitsa tlhoekiso kamora ho sebetsoa.
Ho fokotseha ha magnesiothermic ea silika (SiO MABELI) e lateloang ke acid leaching ke tsela e 'ngoe e ka senyehang, haholo-holo ha o sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa silika tsa tlhaho kapa tse tsoang litšila tse joalo ka makhapetla a raese kapa li-diatoms., ho sebelisa tsela e tšoarellang ea nano-silicon.
Phokotso ea laser le etching ea plasma e arabelang ke mekhoa e nepahetseng haholoanyane ea holimo-tlase, e sebetsang hantle ho hlahiseng nano-silicon e hloekileng e nang le crystallinity e laoloang, leha ho le joalo ka theko e phahameng le ho fokotsa tlhahiso.
2.2 Mekhoa e ka tlase-holimo: Nts'etsopele ea Mokhahlelo oa Khase le oa Tharollo
Botlaaseng-up synthesis lumella taolo e khōloanyane holim'a sekhechana sa boholo, sebopeho, le crystallinity ka ho haha nanostructures athomo ka athomo.
Ho beha mouoane oa lik'hemik'hale (CVD) le CVD e ntlafalitsoeng ka plasma (PECVD) etsa hore ho khonehe bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea nano-silicon ho tsoa ho li-aeriform forerunners tse kang silane (SiH ₄) kapa disilane (Ke ₂ H ₆), ka mekhoa e kang boemo ba mocheso, khatello ea maikutlo, le phallo ea khase e laelang nucleation le kinetics ea nts'etsopele.
Mekhoa ena e ts'epahala haholo bakeng sa ho theha li-silicon nanocrystals tse kentsoeng ka matrices a dielectric bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa optoelectronic..
Tharollo-phase synthesis, ho kenyelletsa le lithuto tsa colloidal tse sebelisang metsoako ea organosilicon, e thusa ho etsa matheba a monodisperse silicon quantum a nang le maqhubu a motlakase.
Ho senyeha ha silane ka mochesong ka har'a lihlapolli tse belang haholo kapa motsoako oa mokelikeli o matla haholo ho boetse ho hlahisa nano-silicon ea boemo bo holimo e nang le likarolo tse nyane., e loketse bakeng sa ho ngola le ho etsa litšoantšo ka biomedical.
Le hoja mekhoa ea ho ea holimo hangata e hlahisa boleng bo holimo ba lefatše, ba tobana le mathata tlhahisong e kholo le ho baballa litšenyehelo, ho hloka lipatlisiso tse tsoelang pele mabapi le mekhoa e nyalisitsoeng le e tsoelang pele ea phallo.
3. Lisebelisoa tsa Matla: Ho fetola Lithium-Ion le Beyond-Lithium Batteries
3.1 Mosebetsi ho Li-Anode tse Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa bakeng sa Libetri tsa Lithium-Ion
E 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse fetolang ka ho fetisisa tsa nano-silicon phofo e itšetlehile ka sebaka sa polokelo ea matla, haholo-holo e le lisebelisoa tsa anode ka libeteri tsa lithium-ion (LIB).
Silicon e fana ka bokhoni bo khethehileng ba thuto ba ~ 3579 mAh/g e thehiloeng ho thehoeng ha Li ₁₅ Si Four, e batlang e le 10 makhetlo a fetang a tloaelehileng a graphite (372 mAh/g).
Leha ho le joalo, katoloso e kgolo ya modumo (~ 300%) nakong ea lithiation e baka pulverization ea likaroloana, tahlehelo ea ho kopana le motlakase, le interphase e tiileng ea electrolyte e tsoelang pele (BE) popeho, e lebisang ho bokgono bo potlakileng ba ho fetoha mmala.
Nanostructuring e fokotsa mathata ana ka ho khutsufatsa lithuto tsa lithium diffusion, sutu strain ka katleho ho feta, le ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho peperana.
Nano-silicon ka mofuta oa nanoparticles, meralo e dumellehang, kapa meaho ea likhetla ea yolk e etsa hore ho be bonolo ho lokisa baesekele ka katleho e matlafalitsoeng ea Coulombic le bophelo ba potoloho..
Theknoloji ea sejoale-joale ea betri ea khoebo e se e kopanya metsoako ea nano-silicon (mohlala, metsoako ea silicon-carbon) ka li-anode ho matlafatsa botenya ba matla ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, likoloi tsa motlakase, le mekhoa ea ho boloka marang-rang.
3.2 E ka khoneha ka sodium-ion, Potassium-Ion, le Libetri tsa Naha tse Tiileng
Ho feta litsamaiso tsa lithium-ion, nano-silicon e ntse e hlahlojoa lik'hemik'hale tsa betri tse ntseng li hlaha.
Le hoja silicon e sa sebetse ka letsoai ho feta lithium, nano-size e ntlafatsa kinetics mme e nolofalletsa ho kenya Na ⁺ e fokolang, e etsa hore e be tebello ea li-anode tsa betri ea sodium-ion, haholo ha e kopane kapa e kopantswe ka thini kapa antimone.
Ka libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng, moo botsitso ba mechine ho li-interfaces tsa motlakase oa electrode-electrolyte ke tsa bohlokoa, Bokhoni ba nano-silicon ba ho kopanya polasetiki libakeng tse nyane bo fokotsa tsitsipano lipakeng tsa sefahleho mme bo ntlafatsa ho ikopanya le tlhokomelo..
Holim'a moo, ho lumellana ha eona le sulfide- 'me li-electrolyte tse matla tse thehiloeng ho oxide li bula mekhoa e sireletsehileng haholo, pheko ea polokelo ea matla a phahameng.
Patlisiso e ntse e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa moralo oa sebopeho sa basebelisi le mekhoa ea ho qala ho nka monyetla ka botlalo ba nako e telele le ts'ebetso ea li-electrode tse thehiloeng ho nano-silicon..
4. Meeli e Tsoang ho Lifotonics, Biomedicine, le Lihlahisoa tsa Motsoako
4.1 Likopo ho Optoelectronics le Quantum Light
Mehaho ea photoluminescent ea nano-silicon e tsosolositse boiteko ba ho theha lisebelisoa tsa silicon-based light-emitting., bothata ba nako e telele ho photonics e kopantsoeng.
Ho fapana le silicon ea boima, matheba a nano-silicon quantum a ka bonts'a hantle, fotoluminescence e khonahalang ka mokhoa o hlokomelehang ho isa ho mofuta o haufi oa infrared, ho nolofalletsa mohloli oa mabone oa on-chip o tsamaellanang le tšepe-oxide-semiconductor ea tlatsetso (CMOS) popontshwa.
Li-nanomaterials tsena li ntse li kenyeletsoa ho li-diode tse ntšang khanya (Li-LED), li-photodetectors, le li-emitter tse kopantsoeng ke waveguide bakeng sa likhokahano tsa optical le ho nka lits'ebetso.
Ho feta moo, nano-silicon e entsoeng ka holim'a metsi e bonts'a mosi oa photon e le 'ngoe tlas'a litokisetso tse khethehileng tsa bothata, ho e beha joalo ka mokhoa o ka khonehang bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea tlhaiso-leseling ea quantum le puisano e sireletsehileng.
4.2 Likopo tsa Biomedical le Ecological
Ka biomedicine, nano-silicon phofo e fumana thahasello e le biocompatible, e senyeha ka tlhaho, le mefuta e meng e seng chefo ho fapana le matheba a quantum a matla a tšepe bakeng sa bioimaging le phano ea meriana.
Likaroloana tsa nano-silicon tse sebetsang ka holim'a sefahleho li ka etsoa ho lebisa liseleng tse itseng, qala lisebelisoa tsa kalafo tse sebetsang ho pH kapa li-enzyme, le ho fana ka tlhahlobo ea nako ea nnete ea fluorescence.
Ho timetsoa ha bona ho fihlela acidic acid (Le(OH)MANE), ntho e etsahalang ka tlhaho ebile e tsoa bodutu, e fokotsa mathata a nako e telele a chefo.
Ho phaella moo, nano-silicon e ntse e hlahlojoa bakeng sa tokiso ea tikoloho, joalo ka timetso ea photocatalytic ea litšila tlas'a khanya e hlokomelehang kapa e le moemeli ea theolelang lits'ebetsong tsa ho hloekisa metsi.
Ka thepa e kopantsoeng, nano-silicon e ntlafatsa matla a mochini, botsitso ba mocheso, le ho roala khanyetso ha e kenyelelitsoe ka har'a tšepe, li-ceramics, kapa li-polymers, haholo-holo sebakeng sa sefofane le likarolo tsa likoloi.
Ha re phethela, phofo ea nano-silicon e eme mateanong a thuto ea mantlha ea nanoscience le boqapi ba indasteri.
Motsoako oa eona o ikhethileng oa litlamorao tsa quantum, reactivity e phahameng, le bonolo ho pholletsa le matla, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, mme mahlale a bophelo a hatisa mosebetsi wa ona e le mothusi wa bohlokwa wa dithekenoloji tsa sejwalejwale tsa moloko o latelang.
Ha mekhoa ea ho kopanya mathata a tsoelo-pele le ho kopanya a khutlela morao, nano-silicon e tla tsoela pele ho tsamaisa nts'etsopele ho ea ts'ebetsong e phahameng, e tšoarellang, le litsamaiso tsa lintho tse ngata tse sebetsang.
5. Mofani
TRUNNANO ke morekisi oa Spherical Tungsten Powder e nang le over 12 lilemo tsa boiphihlelo ba ho boloka matla a nano-building le nts'etsopele ea nanotechnology. E amohela tefo ka Credit Card, T/T, West Union le Paypal. Trunnano e tla romella thepa ho bareki ba mose ho maoatle ka FedEx, DHL, ka moea, kapa ka lewatle. Haeba u batla ho tseba haholoanyane ka Spherical Tungsten Powder, ka kopo ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le rona le ho romela potso([email protected]).
Li-tag: Phofo ea Nano-Silicon, Phofo ea Silicon, Silicone
Lingoliloeng tsohle le litšoantšo li tsoa Marang-rang. Haeba ho na le litaba tsa copyright, ka kopo ikopanye le rona ka nako ho hlakola.
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