1. Yakakosha Yekugara uye Nanoscale Zviito zveSilicon paSubmicron Frontier
1.1 Quantum Confinement uye Electronic Framework Shanduko
(Nano-Silicon Powder)
Nano-silicon powder, inogadzirwa nesilicon bits ine zvimwe zviyero zvakanyorwa pazasi 100 nanometers, inomirira shanduko yakajairwa kubva kusilicon yakawanda mune zvese zviito zvemuviri uye zvinoshanda zvekushandisa.
Nepo silicon yakawanda iri indirect bandgap semiconductor ine bandgap yeanenge 1.12 eV, nano-sizing inokonzeresa quantum kusungwa mhedzisiro iyo inonyanya kushandura yayo yemagetsi uye yekuona nzvimbo dzekugara.
Kana iyo bit size nzira kana inodonha pazasi exciton Bohr chinhambwe chesilicon (~ 5 nm), vanopa masevhisi emari vanopedzisira vave kumanikidzwa munzvimbo, zvichiita kuti pave nekuwedzera kwebhandi uye kuiswa kweinooneka photoluminescence– kunzwa kushayikwa mune macroscopic silicon.
Uku saizi-inotsamira tunability inoita kuti nano-silicon ibudise mwenje mukati meiyo inooneka renji, zvichiita kuti ive tarisiro inofadza yesilicon-based optoelectronics, uko kwakajairika silicon inomira kushanda nekuda kwekusakwana kwayo kweradiative recombination kushanda.
Uyezve, iyo yakasimudzwa pamusoro-kusvika-vhoriyamu chikamu pa nanoscale inovandudza pamusoro-inoenderana nekunzwa, inosanganisira kunzwa kwemakemikari, catalytic chiitiko, uye kutaurirana ne electromagnetic minda.
Iyi mhedzisiro yehuwandu haingori zvechidzidzo curiosity asi zvinogadzira hwaro hwechinotevera-chizvarwa maapplication musimba., kucherechedza, uye biomedicine.
1.2 Morphological Diversity uye Surface Area Chemistry
Nano-silicon poda inogona kugadzirwa mune akawanda morphologies, kusanganisira spherical nanoparticles, nanowires, permeable nanostructures, uye crystalline quantum dots, imwe neimwe inopa mabhenefiti akasiyana zvichienderana nechinangwa chekushandisa.
Crystalline nano-silicon inowanzo chengetedza ruby cubic framework yehukuru silicon asi inoratidza hukuru hukuru hwezvinhu zvepasi uye mabhondi akarembera., iyo inofanira kupfuudzwa kudzikamisa zvinhu.
Surface area functionalization– kazhinji inowanikwa kuburikidza neoxidation, hydrosilylation, kana ligand add-on– inoita basa rakakosha mukuziva kuchengetedzwa kwecolloidal, dispersibility, uye kuenderana nematrices mumakomponi kana biological atmospheres.
Somuenzaniso, hydrogen-terminated nano-silicon inoratidza kunzwisiswa kwepamusoro uye inowanzoitika kune oxidation mumhepo, nepo alkyl- kana polyethylene glycol (PEG)-zvidimbu zvakavharwa zvinoratidza kugadzikana kwakagadziridzwa uye biocompatibility yekushandiswa kwebiomedical.
( Nano-Silicon Powder)
Kuvapo kweiyo indigenous oxide layer (SiOₓ) pane particle surface area, kunyange muhuwandu hushoma, zvinoshamisa zvinokanganisa conductivity yemagetsi, lithium-ion diffusion kinetics, uye kusangana kwemeso, kunyanya mumashandisirwo ebhatiri.
Kunzwisisa uye kudzora chemistry yepasi semhedzisiro yakakosha pakushandisa iyo yakazara kugona kwenano-silicon mumasisitimu anonzwisisika..
2. Synthesis Nzira uye Scalable Manufacture Techniques
2.1 Top-Pasi Strategies: Kugaya, Etching, uye Laser Ablation
Kugadzirwa kwenano-silicon poda inogona kuiswa zvakaganhurwa kuva kumusoro-pasi uye pasi-kumusoro maitiro, imwe neimwe ine scalability yakasiyana, kuchena, uye morphological control hunhu.
Nzira dzepamusoro-pasi dzinosanganisira kudzikira kwemuviri kana kemikari kwesilicon yakawanda kuita nanoscale zvidimbu.
High-energy round milling inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutengeserana, uko zvikamu zvesilicon zvinopinda nekukuya kwemagetsi mumhepo inert, kukonzera micron- kune nano-saizi poda.
Kunyange zvichikwanisika uye scalable, nzira iyi inowanzounza kukanganisa kwekristaro, kusvibiswa kubva kune grating media, uye yakafara particle dimension kutenderera, kudaidzira kucheneswa kwemashure.
Magnesiothermic kuderera kwesilica (SiO TWO) inoteverwa neasidhi leaching ndiyo nzira yekuwedzera scalable, kunyanya kana uchishandisa zvese-zvakasikwa kana zvakaraswa-zvakatorwa silica zviwanikwa zvakaita sematehwe emupunga kana diatoms., kushandisa nzira inogara nano-silicon.
Laser ablation uye inopindura plasma etching ndiyo nzira dzakanyatsojeka dzepamusoro-pasi, inobudirira mukugadzira yakakwirira-kuchena nano-silicon ine regulated crystallinity, zvisinei pamutengo wepamusoro uye kuderedzwa kwekushandisa.
2.2 Pazasi-Kumusoro Nzira: Gas-Phase uye Solution-Phase Development
Pazasi-kumusoro synthesis inobvumira kutonga kukuru pamusoro pekukura kwechidimbu, form, uye crystallinity nekuvaka nanostructures atomu neatomu.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) uye plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD) ita kuti zvikwanise kugadzirwa kwenano-silicon kubva kune aeriform foreruners senge silane (SiH ₄) kana disilane (Si ₂ H ₆), nezvinodiwa senge tembiricha level, stress, uye kuyerera kwegesi kunoraira nucleation uye kinetics yekusimudzira.
Aya matekiniki anonyanya kuvimbika pakugadzira silicon nanocrystals yakaiswa mune dielectric matrices emagetsi eoptoelectronic..
Solution-phase synthesis, kusanganisira colloidal makosi anoshandisa organosilicon makomisheni, inogonesa kugadzirwa kwe monodisperse silicon quantum dots ane tunable exhaust wavelengths.
Kuparara kwekupisa kwe silane mune zvinonyungudutsa zvinonyungudutsa zvakanyanya kana supercritical fluid synthesis zvakare inopa yakakwira-giredhi nano-silicon ine nhete dimension kugoverwa., yakanaka kune biomedical labeling uye imaging.
Nepo nzira dzepasi-kumusoro dzinowanzo gadzira premium yenyika yepamusoro mhando, vanotarisana nezvinetso mukugadzira kukuru uye kushandisa mari, inoda kuenderera mberi kutsvagisa mune yakasanganiswa uye inoenderera-kuyerera maitiro.
3. Power Applications: Kuchinja Lithium-Ion uye Beyond-Lithium Mabhatiri
3.1 Basa mune Yakakwirira-Capacity Anodes yeLithium-Ion Mabhatiri
Imwe yeanonyanya kushandura mashandisirwo e nano-silicon poda zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekuchengetedza simba, kunyanya seanode zvinhu mumabhatiri e lithium-ion (LIBs).
Silicon inopa imwe yedzidzo kugona kwe ~ 3579 mAh/g yakavakirwa pakuumbwa kweLi ₁₅ Si Four, izvo zvinenge 10 nguva dzakakwirira kudarika dzechinyakare graphite (372 mAh/g).
Zvisinei, kuwedzera kwevhoriyamu huru (~ 300%) panguva ye lithiation inokonzera particle pulverization, kurasikirwa kwemagetsi, uye inoenderera yakasimba electrolyte interphase (BE) kuumbwa, zvichiita kuti kukurumidza kugona discolor.
Nanostructuring inoderedza matambudziko aya nekupfupisa lithium diffusion courses, suiting strain zvinobudirira, uye kuderedza mukana wekutsemuka.
Nano-silicon mumhando ye nanoparticles, permeable frameworks, kana yolk-shell zvimiro zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa bhasikoro nekuwedzera Coulombic kunyatsoshanda uye kutenderera hupenyu..
Bhizinesi rekutengesa bhatiri tekinoroji yemazuva ano ikozvino inosanganisa nano-silicon musanganiswa (e.g., silicon-carbon composites) mune anodes kusimudzira ukobvu hwesimba muvatengi zvemagetsi zvishandiso, motokari dzemagetsi, uye grid kuchengetedza masisitimu.
3.2 Zvinogoneka muSodium-Ion, Potassium-Ion, uye Solid-State Mabhatiri
Beyond lithium-ion systems, nano-silicon iri kuongororwa mune ari kubuda bhatiri chemistries.
Nepo silicon isinganyanyi kuita nemunyu pane lithium, nano-sizing inosimudzira kinetics uye inogonesa kushomeka Na ⁺ kuisa, zvichiita kuti ive tarisiro yesodium-ion bhatiri anode, kunyanya kana yakasanganiswa kana kusanganiswa nerata kana antimony.
Mune yakasimba-state mabhatiri, uko mechanical kugadzikana pa electrode-electrolyte user interfaces inokosha, nano-silicon kugona kuita kuputika kwepurasitiki pazvidiki diki kunoderedza kusawirirana kwechiso uye kunonatsiridza kusangana nekugadzirisa..
Pamusoro pe, kuwirirana kwayo ne sulfide- uye oxide-yakavakirwa yakasimba electrolytes inovhura nzira dzekuchengetedza zvakanyanya, yakakwirira-simba-density kuchengetedza mishonga.
Tsvagiridzo inoenderera mberi nekukwirisa mushandisi interface dhizaini uye prelithiation nzira kutora mukana wakazara wehupenyu hurefu uye kugona kwenano-silicon-based electrodes..
4. Arising Frontiers muPhotonics, Biomedicine, uye Compound Zvigadzirwa
4.1 Zvishandiso muOptoelectronics uye Quantum Chiedza
Zvivakwa zvephotoluminescent zve nano-silicon zvakavandudza kuedza kugadzira silicon-based light-emitting gadgets., kuoma kwenguva refu mune yakabatanidzwa photonics.
Kusiyana nesilicon yakawanda, nano-silicon quantum dots inogona kuratidza inoshanda, tunable photoluminescence mune inooneka kusvika pedyo-infrared array, inogonesa pa-chip sosi yemwenje inoenderana neinopindirana simbi-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) innovation.
Aya nanomaterials ari kuiswa mukati chaimo muchiedza-emitting diode (LEDs), photodetectors, uye waveguide-akabatana emitters ye optical interconnects uye kutora zvikumbiro.
Uyezve, pamusoro-engineered nano-silicon inoratidzira imwe-photon kupera pasi pemamwe matambudziko ekugadzirisa, kuiisa senge inogoneka sisitimu ye quantum ruzivo rwekugadzirisa uye yakachengeteka kutaurirana.
4.2 Biomedical uye Ecological Applications
Mune biomedicine, nano-silicon poda iri kuwana kufarira se biocompatible, zvinongoora, uye isiri-chepfu imwe kune heavy-metal-based quantum dots ye bioimaging uye kuendesa mishonga.
Surface-functionalized nano-silicon particles inogona kugadzirwa kunanga maseru chaiwo, tanga mishonga yekurapa mukuita kune pH kana ma enzymes, uye ipa chaiyo-nguva fluorescence yekutarisa.
Kuparadzwa kwavo chaiko kuva silicic acid (Uye(OH)ZVINA), chinhu chinongoitika uye chinobuda kunze, inoderedza matambudziko ehuchetura kwenguva refu.
Uyezve, nano-silicon iri kuongororwa kuti igadziriswe, zvakadai se photocatalytic kuparadzwa kwezvinosvibisa pasi pechiedza chinooneka kana semumiririri anoderedza mukugadzirisa mvura.
Muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa, nano-silicon inovandudza mechanical stamina, kugadzikana kwekupisa, uye kupfeka kuramba kana kubatanidzwa musimbi, Ceramics, kana polima, kunyanya mune aerospace uye zvinhu zvemotokari.
Mukupedzisa, nano-silicon poda inomira pamharadzano yeakakosha nanoscience uye indasitiri yekuvandudza.
Musanganiswa wayo wakasiyana wehuwandu hunokanganisa, high reactivity, uye nyore musimba rose, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, uye sainzi yehupenyu inosimbisa basa rayo sechinhu chakakosha kugonesa tekinoroji yechizvarwa chinotevera.
Sezvo synthesis matekiniki kufambira mberi uye kusanganisa matambudziko anodzoka zvakare, nano-silicon icharamba ichifambisa budiriro yakanangana nepamusoro-kuita, kugara, uye multifunctional zvinhu masisitimu.
5. Supplier
TRUNNANO mutengesi weSpherical Tungsten Powder ine pamusoro 12 makore echiitiko mu nano-kuvaka simba kuchengetedza uye nanotechnology kusimudzira. Inobvuma kubhadhara kuburikidza neCredit Card, T/T, West Union uye Paypal. Trunnano ichaendesa zvinhu kune vatengi mhiri kwemakungwa kuburikidza neFedEx, DHL, nemhepo, kana nomugungwa. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve Spherical Tungsten Powder, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kutibata nesu uye kutumira kubvunza([email protected]).
Tags: Nano-Silicon Powder, Silicon Powder, Silicon
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