1. Ntọala ihe na njirimara Crystallographic nke Alumina ceramics
1.1 Ụdị Atọmịk na Nchebe Oge
(Alumina ceramik)
Alumina poselin, na-emekarị nke aluminom oxide dị arọ (Al abụọ O abụọ), na-anọchi anya otu n'ime klaasị nke ceramik ọhụrụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ihi oke nha nke ike ọrụ ha dị ịrịba ama., ike thermal, na chemical inertness.
Na akara atomic, arụmọrụ nke alumina gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na usoro kristal ya, ya na usoro alfa nke echekwabara nke ọma (α-Al ₂ O isii) ịbụ isi ụdị eji emewe ngwa.
Usoro a na-anabata sistemu kristal rhombohedral n'ime oghere hexagonal dị nso (HCP) lattice, ebe anions oxygen na-etolite nhazi nke ukwuu na cations aluminum dị arọ na-etinye ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke weebụsaịtị interstitial octahedral..
Usoro nke si na ya pụta kwụsiri ike, na-agbakwụnye ihe na-agbaze alumina dị elu nke ihe dị ka 2072 Celsius C na iguzogide ire ere n'okpuru oke okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ kemịkalụ.
Mgbe usoro mgbanwe alumina dị ka gamma (c), delta (d), na tata (i) dị na obere okpomọkụ ma gosipụta ebe elu dị elu, ha bụ metastable na irreversibly na-agbanwe ozugbo na alfa-adọ mgbe kpo oku n'elu 1100 Celsius C, na-eme α-Al abụọ O ₃ ihe ngosi pụrụ iche maka ihe nrụpụta ụlọ na arụ ọrụ dị elu.
1.2 Ngụkọta ihe mejupụtara na injinịa Microstructural
A naghị elekọta ụlọ nke alumina poselin ma enwere ike ịhazi ya na ụdị edoziziri na ịdị ọcha., ọka akụkụ, na mgbakwunye nke ihe enyemaka nke sintering.
Alumina dị oke ọcha (≥ 99.5% Al ₂ O ₃) na-eji na ngwa na-achọ kacha n'ibu ike, eletriki mkpuchi, na iguzogide mgbasa ion, dị ka na semiconductor nhazi na elu voltaji insulators.
Ọkwa dị ọcha dị ala (dị iche iche si 85% ka 99% Al Abụọ O abụọ) na-ejikọta usoro nke abụọ dị ka mullite (3Al abụọ O Ise · 2SiO ₂) ma ọ bụ silicates na-egbuke egbuke, nke na-emeziwanye sinterability na nkwụsị ọkụ ọkụ na mmefu nke siri ike na arụmọrụ dielectric.
Otu ihe dị mkpa na njikarịcha arụmọrụ bụ njikwa nha ọka; microstructures nke ọma, enwetara site na nkwalite nke magnesium oxide (MgO) dị ka mgbochi mmepe ọka, na-emeziwanye ike mgbaji na ike mgbanwe site na ịmachi mmụba nkewa.
Porosity, ọbụna na ala degrees, nwere nsonaazụ na-emerụ ahụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, na seramiiki alumina zuru oke ka a na-emepụta site na ụzọ mgbagide na-enyere aka dị ka ịkwanye ọkụ ma ọ bụ ịkwanye isostatic dị ọkụ. (HIP).
Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mejupụtara, microstructure, na nhazi na-akọwapụta envelopu bara uru n'ime nke alumina porcelains na-arụ ọrụ, na-eme ka ojiji ha gafee nnukwu aha ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ na teknụzụ.
( Alumina ceramik)
2. Mechanical na thermal arụmọrụ na-achọ gburugburu gburugburu
2.1 Ike, Nkwụsi ike, na Yiri Nguzogide
Seramiiki alumina na-egosipụta ngwakọta pụrụ iche nke nkwụsi ike dị elu yana ike mgbape na-agafeghị oke, na-eme ka ha mara mma maka ngwa ndị metụtara eyi na-adịghị mma, mbuze, na mmetụta.
Na Vickers siri ike na-adịkarị iche site na 15 ka 20 Nkezi ọkwa ọkwa, alumina bụ otu n'ime ngwaahịa injinia kacha sie ike, karịrị naanị ruby, cubic boron nitride, na ụfọdụ carbides.
Isi ike a siri ike na-atụgharị ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ nguzogide dị ịrịba ama maka ịchacha, egweri, na mgbochi nke iberibe, nke a na-eji na akụkụ ndị dị ka ájá na-agbapụta mmiri, ngwaọrụ ịkpụ, mgbapụta mgbapụta, na liners na-eguzogide iyi.
Uru ike mgbanwe maka nnukwu alumina dị iche iche si 300 ka 500 MPa, dabere na ịdị ọcha na microstructure, ebe ume mkpakọ nwere ike gafere 2 Nkezi ọkwa ọkwa, na-enyere akụkụ alumina aka iguzogide tọn igwe dị elu na-enweghị contortion.
N'agbanyeghị na ọ na-agbaji agbaji– a na-ahụkarị àgwà n'etiti poselin– Enwere ike ịkwalite arụmọrụ alumina site na nhazi geometric, ọrụ enyemaka nrụgide, na usoro nkwado ngwakọta, dị ka ịdị n'otu nke iberibe zirconia iji mee ka ike gbanwee.
2.2 Omume okpomọkụ na nchekwa akụkụ
Ngwongwo ebe obibi ma ọ bụ azụmaahịa nke alumina porcelains bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ojiji ha na ikuku dị elu yana ikuku ikuku..
Na thermal conductivity nke 20– 30 W/m · K– karịa ọtụtụ polymers ma tụnyere ụfọdụ ọla– alumina na-ekpochapụ ọkụ nke ọma, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ikpo ọkụ ọkụ, ihe mkpuchi ihe, na ihe ọkụ ọkụ.
Ya ala ọnụọgụ nke thermal mmepe (~ 8 × 10 ⁻ / K) na-ekwe nkwa ngbanwe akụkụ dị ntakịrị n'oge oyi na kpo oku, ibelata ihe egwu nke mgbawa ọkụ ọkụ.
Nkwụsi ike a bara uru karịsịa na ngwa dị ka tubes nchekwa thermocouple, mgbanye usoro insulators, na semiconductor wafer na-elekọta usoro, ebe njikwa akụkụ ziri ezi dị mkpa.
Alumina na-edobe nkwụsi ike nke igwe ya ihe dịka ọkwa okpomọkụ nke 1600– 1700 Celsius C na ikuku, gafere nke mkpụgharị na-akpụ akpụ na oke ọka nwere ike ịmalite, dabere na ịdị ọcha na microstructure.
Na vacuum Cleaner ma ọ bụ inert ambiences, arụmọrụ ya na-agbasawanye n'ihu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa masịrị maka ngwá ọrụ dabere na mbara igwe na nnwale physics dị elu.
3. Njirimara eletriki na dielectric maka teknụzụ dị elu
3.1 Ihe mkpuchi na ngwa voltaji dị elu
Otu n'ime njirimara kachasị bara uru nke alumina poselin bụ ikike mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik ha pụrụ iche.
Na a olu resistivity karịrị 10 ¹⁴ Ω · centimeters na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ yana ike dielectric nke 10– 15 kV/mm, alumina na-eje ozi dị ka onye ntụkwasị obi ntụkwasị obi na sistemụ voltaji dị elu, gụnyere akụrụngwa nnyefe ike, ngwa ngbanwe, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa dijitalụ.
Dielectric ya na-agbanwe agbanwe (εᵣ≈ 9– 10 na 1 MHz) dị mma nke ọma n'usoro oge niile sara mbara, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ojiji na capacitors, Akụkụ RF, na ngwa ngwa microwaves.
Ọnwụ dielectric dị ala (tan δ < 0.0005) makes certain marginal energy dissipation in rotating existing (AIR CONDITIONING) applications, boosting system effectiveness and reducing heat generation.
Na motherboard e biri ebi (PCB) na ngwakọ microelectronics, alumina substrates na-enye aka n'ibu enyemaka na eletrọnịkị kewapụ maka conductive trace, na-ekwe ka njupụta sekit dị elu na ntọala siri ike.
3.2 Ịrụ ọrụ n'ime oke na gburugburu ebe dị nro
A na-ejikọta seramiki alumina nke ọma maka ojiji na ihe nchacha, cryogenic, na ikuku na-akpa ike radieshon n'ihi mbelata ọnụ ahịa mpụ gas na iguzogide radieshon ionizing.
Na urughuru accelerators na Nchikota reactors, A na-eji alumina insulators kewapụ electrodes voltaji dị elu na ihe mmetụta nyocha na-egosighi mmetọ ma ọ bụ na-emebi emebi n'okpuru mkpughe radieshon ogologo oge..
Ọdịdị ha na-abụghị nke magnetik na-emekwa ka ha dị mma maka ngwa na-agụnye oghere magnetik siri ike, dị ka magnetik resonance imaging (MRI) sistemu na magnetik na-eme ihe.
Ọzọkwa, Alumina biocompatibility na kemịkalụ kemịkalụ ewebatala nnabata ya na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ., gụnyere ntinye ọnụ na ihe ọkpụkpụ, ebe nchekwa na-adịgide adịgide na enweghị mmeghachi omume dị mkpa.
4. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, Nkà na ụzụ, na Ngwa na-apụta
4.1 Ọrụ n'ime akụrụngwa ụlọ ọrụ yana nhazi kemịkalụ
A na-eji poselin alumina eme ihe nke ọma na ngwaọrụ azụmahịa ebe nguzogide itinye ya, mmebi, na oke okpomọkụ dị mkpa.
Akụkụ dị ka mgbapụta mgbapụta, oche valvụ, nozzles, A na-esikwa na alumina na-emepụta ihe na-egweri ọtụtụ oge n'ihi ike ya ịtachi obi na-adịghị mma., kemịkalụ iro, na oke okpomọkụ.
Na chemical njikwa osisi, alumina lining na-echebe activators na ọkpọkọ si acid na alkali iku, ndụ ngwá ọrụ na-agbasawanye na ibelata ọnụ ahịa nchekwa.
Inertness ya n'otu aka ahụ na-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị maka iji rụọ ụlọ semiconductor, ebe njikwa mmetọ dị oke mkpa; A na-ekpughe ụlọ alumina na ụgbọ mmiri wafer na etching plasma na ikuku ikuku dị ọcha na-enweghị mmerụ ahụ..
4.2 Assimilation ziri ezi n'ime Advanced Mmepụta na Ọdịnihu Teknụzụ
Ngwa ọdịnala gara aga, alumina ceramics na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ịzụlite ihe ọhụrụ.
Na mgbakwunye mmepụta, A na-eji ntụ ntụ alumina mee ihe na njigide jetting na stereolithography (agbataobi na-agba ọsọ) refines ime mgbagwoju, ihe ndị na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu maka ikuku ikuku na usoro ike.
A na-enyocha ihe nkiri alumina arụrụ arụrụ maka enyemaka mmetụta, nkeji mmetụta, na mgbochi-atụgharị uche agwụcha n'ihi na ha elu elu na tunable elu kemịkalụ.
Na mgbakwunye, ihe mejupụtara alumina, dị ka Al Abụọ O anọ-ZrO ₂ ma ọ bụ Al Abụọ O anọ-SiC, A na-emepe emepe iji merie nhịkọ dị n'ime nke alumina monolithic, na-enye nkwalite sturdiness na thermal ujo iguzogide maka ndị na-esote ọgbọ ihe ụkpụrụ ụlọ.
Dị ka ngalaba na-anọgide na-akwalite oke nke arụmọrụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, seramiiki alumina na-anọgide na nsọtụ nke mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ, na-ejikọta oghere n'etiti arụmọrụ nhazi na ịdị mma na-arụ ọrụ.
Na nchịkọta, seramiiki alumina abụghị naanị usoro nke ihe mgbagha ma bụrụ isi okwute nke imewe nke oge a, ikwe ka ọganihu nkà na ụzụ gafee ume, ngwá electronic, nlekọta ahụike, na akpaaka azụmahịa.
Ngwakọta ụlọ ha dị iche iche– gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'usoro atọm wee kwalite site na njikwa ọkaibe– na-ekwe nkwa mkpa ha na-aga n'ihu na ngwa mepere emepe na nke na-apụta.
Ka sayensị ihe onwunwe na-aga n'ihu, Ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na alumina ga-abụ ihe dị mkpa na-enye aka maka sistemụ arụmọrụ dị elu na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ oke anụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi..
5. Onye na-enye
Ụlọ ọrụ Alumina Technology Co., Ltd., Ltd gbadoro anya na nyocha na mmepe, mmepụta na ire nke aluminom oxide ntụ ntụ, aluminum oxide ngwaahịa, aluminum oxide crucible, wdg., na-eje ozi na ngwá electronic, ceramik, chemical na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Kemgbe e guzobere ya na 2005, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ etinyela aka n'inye ndị ahịa ngwaahịa na ọrụ kacha mma. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ elu mma zirconia siri ike alumina, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ anyị. ([email protected])
Tags: Alumina ceramik, alumina, aluminum oxide
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