1. Iyo Material Foundation uye Crystallographic Kuzivikanwa kweAlumina Ceramics
1.1 Atomic Style uye Phase Chengetedzo
(Alumina Ceramics)
Alumina porcelains, kazhinji inoumbwa nehuremu huremu hwealuminium oxide (Zvose zviviri O TWO), inomiririra imwe yemakirasi anonyanya kushandiswa ezvigadzirwa zveceramics nekuda kwekuenzana kwavo kunoshamisa kwesimba remagetsi., simba rekupisa, uye makemikari inertness.
Padhigirii reatomu, kushanda kwealumina kwakadzika muchimiro chayo chekristalline, ine thermodynamically yakachengeteka alpha chikamu (α-Al ₂ O MATANHU) kuve iyo fomu inotungamira inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvikumbiro.
Ichi chikamu chinotora rhombohedral crystal system mukati mehexagonal yakavharwa-yakazara (HCP) latisi, uko okisijeni anions inoumba kurongeka kwakaomarara uye huremu huremu hwealuminium cations hunotora zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveoctahedral interstitial mawebhusaiti..
Mhedzisiro inoguma yakagadzikana zvakanyanya, kuwedzera kune alumina yakanyanya kunyungudika chinhu chingangoita 2072 ° C uye kuramba kwayo kuora pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye makemikari mamiriro.
Nepo shanduko yealumina nhanho senge gamma (c), delta (d), uye theta (i) zviripo pakudziya kwakadzika uye kuratidza nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzepamusoro, iwo ane metastable uye asingachinjiki anoshanduka akananga muchikamu chealpha pakudziya pamusoro 1100 °C, kugadzira α-Al maviri O ₃ iyo nhanho yakasarudzika yepamusoro-inoshanda ekuvaka uye inoshanda zvinhu.
1.2 Compositional Grading uye Microstructural Engineering
Dzimba dzealumina porcelains hadzina kutarisirwa asi dzinogona kugadzirwa nemhando dzakadzorwa mukuchena., zviyo dimension, uye kuwedzerwa kwezvibatsiro zvekuimba.
High-kuchena alumina (≥ 99.5% Al ₂ O ₃) rinoshandiswa muzvikumbiro zvinoda optimum mechanical simba, electric insulation, uye kuramba kupararira kweion, senge mu semiconductor processing uye high-voltage insulators.
Lower-kuchena mamakisi (zvakasiyana kubva 85% ku 99% Al Two O TWO) kazhinji kubatanidza zvikamu zvechipiri semullite (3Al maviri O shanu · 2SiO ₂) kana kubwinya silicates, iyo inovandudza sinterability uye kupisa kwekutya kupikisa pakushandiswa kwesimba uye dielectric performance.
Chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirisa mashandiro ndiko kutonga saizi yezviyo; yakanaka-grained microstructures, yakaitwa nekuvandudzwa kwe magnesium oxide (MgO) sekudzivirira kukura kwezviyo, kuvandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwekutyoka uye kusimba kwekushanduka-shanduka nekudzikamisa kupatsanurwa kupararira.
Porosity, kunyangwe pamadhigirii akaderera, ine mhedzisiro inokuvadza pane mechanical kutendeseka, uye yakazara yakazara alumina ceramics inogadzirwa kuburikidza nekumanikidza-inobatsira sintering nzira senge kupisa kusunda kana kupisa isostatic kusundira. (HIP).
Kudyidzana pakati pekuumbwa, microstructure, uye kugadzirisa kunotsanangura envelopu inobatsira mukati umo alumina porcelains inoshanda, kugonesa kushandiswa kwavo kune yakakura yakawanda yemaindasitiri uye tekinoroji mazita emazita.
( Alumina Ceramics)
2. Mechanical uye Thermal Efficiency muDemanding Environments
2.1 Simba, Kusimba, uye Wear Resistance
Alumina ceramics anoratidza musanganiswa wakasiyana wekusimba kwepamusoro uye zvine mwero crack sturdness, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka kune zvikumbiro zvinosanganisira kupfeka zvisingafadzi, kukurwa kwevhu, uye kukanganisa.
NeVickers kusimba kunowanzo siyana kubva 15 ku 20 Grade point average, alumina inomira pakati pezvakaomesesa zvigadzirwa zveinjiniya, kupfuudzwa chete nerubhi, cubic boron nitride, uye mamwe carbides.
Uku kuoma kwakakomba kunoshandura kuita kusinganzwisisike kukweshwa, kugaya, uye kukanganisa kwechidimbu, iyo inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakaita sejecha rinoputika, kucheka michina, pombi zvisimbiso, uye mareni asingapfeki.
Flexural simba rakakosha kune dense alumina akasiyana kubva 300 ku 500 MPa, zvinoenderana nekuchena uye microstructure, nepo compressive stamina inogona kupfuura 2 Grade point average, kugonesa zvikamu zvealumina kuti zvimire matani emagetsi akakwira pasina contortion.
Pasinei nekuoma kwayo– hunhu hwakajairika pakati pemaporcelain– Kuita kwealumina kunogona kukwidziridzwa kuburikidza neiyo geometric dhizaini, kushushikana-kuzorodza mabasa, uye nzira dzekutsigira dzakabatanidzwa, sekubatanidzwa kwezirconia zvimedu kugadzira makeover kuomarara.
2.2 Thermal Habits uye Dimensional Security
Iyo yekupisa yekugara kana yekutengeserana zvivakwa zvealumina porcelains iri pakati pekushandiswa kwavo mukupisa kwepamusoro uye nemhepo inotenderedzwa nemhepo..
Iine thermal conductivity ye20– 30 W/m · K– yakakura kupfuura akawanda mapolymer uye anofananidzwa nemamwe simbi– alumina inobudirira kubvisa kupisa, zvichiita kuti zvikodzere kunyura kunodziya, insulating substrates, uye zvinhu zvechoto.
Yayo yakaderera coefficient yekukura kwekupisa (~ 8 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K) inovimbisa kugadziridzwa kushoma kwazvo mukati mekutonhora nekudziya, kuderedza njodzi yekutsemuka kwekupisa.
Uku kugadzikana kunonyanya kubatsira mumashandisirwo akadai se thermocouple security tubes, ignition system insulators, uye semiconductor wafer kutarisira masisitimu, uko kwakarurama kudzora mativi kwakakosha.
Alumina inochengetedza kugadzikana kwayo kwemuchina ingangoita tembiricha ye1600– 1700 ° C mumhepo, Kupfuura izvo zvinokambaira uye muganhu wezviyo zvinogona kutanga, zvinoenderana nekuchena uye microstructure.
Muvacuum cleaner kana inert ambiences, kuita kwayo kunowedzerawo zvakare, zvichiita kuti ive chigadzirwa chinofarirwa chenzvimbo-yakavakirwa chiridzwa uye yakakwirira-simba fizikisi kuyedza.
3. Magetsi uye Dielectric Hunhu hweAdvanced Technologies
3.1 Insulation uye High-Voltage Applications
Pakati peakanyanya kukosha maitiro ealumina porcelains ndeye yakasarudzika magetsi ekudzivirira simba.
Nevhoriyamu resistivity inopfuura 10 ¹⁴ Ω · masendimita panzvimbo tembiricha uye dielectric kuoma kwegumi– 15 kV/mm, alumina inoshanda seyakavimbika insulator mune yakakwira-voltage masisitimu, kusanganisira magetsi ekufambisa midziyo, switchgear, uye digital packaging.
Iyo dielectric inowirirana (εᵣ ≈ 9– 10 pa 1 MHz) yakachengeteka zvakaringana mukati mehupamhi frequency array, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka kushandiswa muma capacitors, RF zvikamu, uye microwave substratums.
Low dielectric kurasikirwa (tani δ < 0.0005) makes certain marginal energy dissipation in rotating existing (AIR CONDITIONING) applications, boosting system effectiveness and reducing heat generation.
Mubhodhi raamai rakadhindwa (PCBs) uye hybrid microelectronics, alumina substrates inopa rubatsiro rwemagetsi uye kuvharirwa kwemagetsi kune conductive traces, kubvumira high-density circuit assimilation mumamiriro akaoma.
3.2 Kunyatsogona Munzvimbo Dzakanyanya uye Dzakatetepa
Alumina ceramics inofananidzwa zvakajeka kuti ishandiswe muvacuum cleaner, cryogenic, uye nemwaranzi-yakanyanya mhepo semugumisiro wekuderedzwa kwavo kwemitengo yekubuda uye kushorwa nemwaranzi yeionizing.
Mune particle accelerators uye musanganiswa reactor, alumina insulators anoshandiswa kupatsanura ma-high-voltage electrode uye ma sensors ekuongorora pasina kuburitsa zvinosvibisa kana kushatisa pasi penguva refu yekuratidzwa nemwaranzi..
Yavo isiri-magineti chimiro zvakare inovaita vakakwana kune zvikumbiro zvinosanganisira yakasimba magineti minda, zvakadai semagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) masisitimu uye superconducting magineti.
Uyezve, alumina's biocompatibility uye makemikari inertness yakanyatso kuunza kutorwa kwayo mumakiriniki emagetsi, kusanganisira kudyara kwemuromo uye nhengo dzemapfupa, uko kuchengetedzeka kusingaperi uye kusaita-reactivity kwakakosha.
4. Industrial, Technology, uye Emerging Applications
4.1 Basa muIndasitiri Equipment uye Chemical Processing
Alumina porcelains anonyatso shandiswa mukutengesa zvishandiso uko kuramba kupfeka, kuora, uye tembiricha yakakwirira inokosha.
Zvikamu zvakadai semapombi seal, zvigaro zvevharuvhu, nozzles, uye kukuya midhiya inowanzogadzirwa kubva kualumina semhedzisiro yekugona kwayo kutsungirira isingafadzi slurries., makemikari ane utsinye, uye tembiricha dzakakwira.
Mumakemikari kubata zvirimwa, alumina linings anodzivirira activators uye mapaipi kubva kune acid uye alkali kurohwa, kuwedzera hupenyu hwematurusi uye kuderedza mari yekuchengeta.
Inertness yayo inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mukuvaka semiconductor, uko kudzora kusvibiswa kwakakosha; makamuri ealuminium uye zvikepe zvimedu zvinoratidzwa kune plasma etching uye yakakwirira-kuchena gasi mamiriro ekunze pasina kusvibiswa..
4.2 Assimilation chaimo muAdvanced Production uye Future Technologies
Zvakapfuura zvakajairwa zvikumbiro, alumina ceramics vari kutamba basa rakakosha mukumuka hunyanzvi.
Mukuwedzera kugadzira, alumina poda anoshandiswa mubhainda jetting uye stereolithography (MAZHINJI-PASI VAVAKIDZANO) inonatsa kuita yakaoma, high-temperature-resistant components for aerospace uye masimba emagetsi.
Nanostructured alumina mafirimu ari kuongororwa kuti awane rubatsiro rwekubatsira, sensing units, uye anti-reflective kupera semhedzisiro yavo yepamusoro yepamusoro uye inogoneka yepamusoro chemistry.
Pamusoro pe, alumina-based composite, zvakadai seAl Two O FOUR-ZrO ₂ kana Al Two O FOUR-SiC, vari kuvandudzwa kuti vakunde iyo intrinsic brittleness ye monolithic alumina, inopa kusimba kwakawedzera uye nekupisa kutyisa kuramba kune inotevera-chizvarwa zvivakwa zvekuvaka.
Sezvo zvikamu zvinoramba zvichisundira miganhu yekushanda nekuvimbika, alumina ceramics inoramba iri pamucheto unotungamira wezvinhu zvitsva, kubatanidza nzvimbo pakati pekushanda kwemaitiro uye kushanda nyore.
Muchidimbu, alumina ceramics haingori kosi yezvinhu zvinoramba asi ibwe rinokosha rekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, kubvumira kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mhiri kwesimba, zvemagetsi, nezveutano, uye zvokutengeserana otomatiki.
Musanganiswa wavo wakasiyana wezvivakwa– yakadzika midzi muatomu chimiro uye yakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nekubata kwakaoma– inovimbisa kukosha kwavo kuenderera mune zvese zvakagadziridzwa uye zviri kubuda zvikumbiro.
Sezvo sayenzi yezvinhu inofambira mberi, alumina pasina mubvunzo icharamba iri yakakosha inogonesa masisitimu epamusoro anoshanda ari padivi pekunyanyisa kwemuviri uye kwezvakatipoteredza..
5. Provider
Nhoroondo ye Alumina Technology Co., Ltd inotarisa pakutsvaga nekusimudzira, kugadzirwa uye kutengesa kwealuminium oxide poda, aluminium oxide zvigadzirwa, aluminium oxide crucible, etc., kushandira zvemagetsi, Ceramics, makemikari nemamwe maindasitiri. Kubva pakugadzwa kwayo mu 2005, kambani yakazvipira kupa vatengi zvigadzirwa zvakanakisa uye masevhisi. Kana uri kutsvaga zvemhando yepamusoro zirconia yakaoma alumina, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kutibata nesu. ([email protected])
Tags: Alumina Ceramics, alumina, aluminium oxide
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