1. Muhimman Ka'idoji da Na'urar Ayyuka
1.1 Interfacial Thermodynamics da Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙadda tọn na Gudanarwa ) ya yi
(Wakilin Saki)
Wakilan sakewa wasu nau'ikan sinadarai ne na musamman waɗanda aka ƙera don dakatar da haɗewar da ba a so tsakanin saman biyu, mai yawa akai-akai samfur mai ƙarfi da mold ko substrate yayin tafiyar matakai.
Babban fasalin su shine ƙirƙirar ɗan gajeren lokaci, Ƙarƙashin ƙarancin kuzari wanda ke haɓaka tsafta da ingantaccen rushewa ba tare da cutar da abin da aka kammala ba ko ƙazantar da saman sa..
Ana sarrafa wannan hali ta hanyar thermodynamics ta fuskoki, inda wakili na saki ya rage karfin sararin samaniya na mold, rage girman aikin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin mold da mildew da samfur mai tasowa– polymers na yau da kullun, kankare, karfe, ko composites.
Ta hanyar samar da siriri, hadaya Layer, jami'an harbawa sun tarwatsa hanyoyin sadarwa na kwayoyin halitta kamar sojojin van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, ko hada-hadar sinadarai wanda tabbas ko kuma zai kai ga danko ko tsagewa.
Ayyukan wakili na ƙaddamarwa ya dogara da ikonsa don mannewa da kyau ga wuri mai ƙera yayin kasancewa ba mai amsawa da rashin jika zuwa ga ingantaccen samfurin.
Wannan aikin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin hankali yana ba da garantin cewa rarrabuwa na faruwa a kan iyakar wakili-abun abu maimakon a cikin kayan da kansa ko a mahallin mai amfani-wakili..
1.2 Rabewa bisa Chemistry da Hanyar Aikace-aikace
An rarraba wakilan ƙaddamarwa gabaɗaya zuwa kashi uku: hadaya, na dindindin, kuma na dindindin, dogara ga ƙarfinsu da mitar sake aikace-aikace.
Wakilan hadaya, kamar ruwa- ko yadudduka na tushen ƙarfi, samar da fim ɗin da ba a sake amfani da shi ba wanda aka cire tare da ɓangaren kuma dole ne a sake maimaita shi bayan kowace zagayowar; ana amfani da su sosai wajen sarrafa abinci, kankare yadawa, da gyare-gyaren roba.
Wakilai na dindindin, gabaɗaya dangane da silicones, fluoropolymers, ko karfe stearates, hade da kemikal zuwa wurin gyaggyarawa kuma tsayawa tsayin dakaru da yawa kafin sake aikace-aikacen ana buƙatar, yin amfani da kudin shiga da kuma tanadin kudi na aiki a cikin masana'antu mai girma.
Tsarukan saki na dogon lokaci, kamar carbon-kamar lu'u-lu'u da aka ajiye a plasma (DLC) ko kammalawar fluorine, ba da dindindin, wurare masu ɗorewa waɗanda ke haɗa kai tsaye a cikin mold da mildew substratum kuma suna jure lalacewa, dumi, da lalatar sinadarai.
Hannun aikace-aikacen sun bambanta daga hannaye-kan fantsama da tsaftacewa zuwa abin nadi mai sarrafa kansa da sanyawa na lantarki, tare da zabi dangane da daidaiton buƙatun, sikelin masana'antu, da la'akari da muhalli.
( Wakilin Saki)
2. Haɗin Sinadari da Maganin Samfur
2.1 Kwayoyin Halitta da Ba Halitta Launch Agent Chemistries
Bambance-bambancen sinadarai na wakilan sakin yana nuna nau'ikan kayan aiki da yanayin da ya kamata su dace.
Wakilan tushen silicone, musamman polydimethylsiloxane (Farashin PDMS), suna cikin ɗaya daga cikin mafi dacewa saboda ƙarancin tashin hankalinsu (~ 21 mN/m), thermal tsaro (kusan 250 ° C), da kuma dacewa da polymers, karfe, da elastomers.
Fluorinated jamiái, wanda ya ƙunshi PTFE diffusions da perfluoropolyethers (Farashin PFPE), tayin kuma rage ƙarfin sararin samaniya da juriya na musamman na sinadarai, sanya su manufa domin maƙiya yanayi ko high-tsarki aikace-aikace kamar semiconductor encapsulation.
Karfe stearates, musamman alli da zinc stearate, yawanci ana amfani da su a cikin gyare-gyaren thermoset da ƙoshin ƙarfe don ƙoshinsu, thermal tsaro, da sauƙi na yaduwa a cikin tsarin kayan aiki.
Don tuntuɓar abinci da aikace-aikacen magunguna, wakilan sakin abinci irin su veggie mai, lecithin, kuma ana amfani da man ma'adinai, bin ka'idojin gudanarwa na FDA da EU.
Ba wakilan halitta ba kamar graphite da molybdenum disulfide ana amfani da su a cikin ƙirƙira ƙarfe mai zafi da ƙirƙira simintin ƙarfe., inda abubuwa na halitta zasu lalace.
2.2 Sinadaran Ƙirƙira da Ƙarfafa Ayyuka
Ma'aikatan sakin masana'antu da kyar ba su taɓa zama tsarkakakkun abubuwa ba; an halicce su tare da ƙari don haɓaka aiki, tsaro, da halayen aikace-aikace.
Emulsifiers suna ba da damar tarwatsewar siliki ko kakin zuma na tushen ruwa don zama amintacce kuma su bazu daidai a kan mold da filaye..
Masu kauri suna sarrafa kauri don daidaiton samuwar fim, yayin da biocides suna kare kariya daga ci gaban ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanyoyin ruwa.
Rigakafin lalacewa yana kiyaye ƙirar ƙarfe daga iskar shaka, musamman mahimmanci a cikin saitunan danshi ko lokacin amfani da wakilai na tushen ruwa.
Masu karfafa fim, kamar silanes ko wakilai masu haɗin gwiwa, haɓaka tsawon rayuwa na suturar dindindin na dindindin, fadada rayuwarsu ta hidima.
Magani ko masu bada sabis– daban-daban daga aliphatic hydrocarbons zuwa ethanol– an zaɓi su bisa farashi mai lalacewa, aminci, da tasirin muhalli, tare da haɓaka ayyukan kasuwa zuwa ƙananan-VOC da tsarin tushen ruwa.
3. Aikace-aikace a Duk sassan Masana'antu
3.1 Ƙirƙirar Polymer da Ƙirƙirar Haɗaɗɗe
A harbi gyare-gyare, matsawa gyare-gyare, da kuma fitar da robobi da roba, kaddamar da wakilan tabbatar da wani lahani-free bangaren ejection da kuma kula da surface shafi high quality.
Suna da mahimmanci wajen samar da rikitattun geometry, musamman saman, ko manyan kayan kwalliya inda ko da ƙananan abin da aka makala na iya haifar da matsalolin ado ko gazawar tsarin.
A cikin masana'anta mai hade– kamar carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (Farashin CFRP) ana amfani da su a cikin sararin samaniya da sassan motoci– wakilan saki yakamata su tsaya tsayin daka don yanayin zafi mai girma da matsi yayin gujewa zubar da jini na guduro ko lalata fiber.
Ana amfani da yadudduka na kwasfa da aka haɗe tare da wakilan ƙaddamarwa galibi don ƙirƙirar tsarin yanki mai tsari don cin nasarar haɗin gwiwa., kawar da bukatar bayan-demolding sanding.
3.2 Gine-gine, Aikin ƙarfe, da Factory Workflow
A cikin kankare formwork, ƙaddamarwa jami'an dakatar da siminti kayan aiki daga bonding zuwa karfe ko katako mold da mildews, kiyaye duka tsarin kwanciyar hankali na ɓangaren masu wasan kwaikwayo da sake amfani da nau'in.
Hakanan suna haɓaka matakin santsi da ƙarancin daidaitawa ko tabo, bayar da gudunmawa ga gina kankare bayyanuwa.
A karfe mutu-simintin gyaran kafa da gini, Ma'aikatan ƙaddamarwa suna aiki da ayyuka biyu azaman abubuwa masu sa mai da shingen thermal, rage gogayya da kiyayewa yana mutuwa daga gajiyar zafi.
Gabaɗaya ana amfani da graphite na tushen ruwa ko dakatarwar yumbu, samar da saurin sanyaya da daidaiton saki a cikin layin taro mai sauri.
Don alamar karfen takarda, janyo hankalin mahaɗan da ke kunshe da wakilai na saki suna rage girman hazo da tsagewa yayin hanyoyin zane mai zurfi.
4. Haɓaka Fasaha da Dorewar Juyawa
4.1 Kayan Aikin Kaddamarwa Mai Wayo da Ƙarfafawa
Fasaha masu tasowa suna mai da hankali kan ma'aikatan sakin hankali waɗanda ke amsa abubuwan haɓakawa na waje kamar matakin zafin jiki, haske, ko pH don ba da damar rabuwa akan buƙata.
Misali, polymers masu ɗaukar zafi na iya canzawa daga hydrophobic zuwa jihohin hydrophilic akan dumama, canza haɗe-haɗe na fuska da haɓaka ƙaddamarwa.
Yaduddukan da za a iya cire hoto suna raguwa a ƙarƙashin hasken UV, ba da damar delamination sarrafawa a cikin microfabrication ko marufin samfur na dijital.
Wadannan tsare-tsare masu kaifin basira suna da mahimmanci musamman a samar da daidaito, samar da kayan aikin asibiti, da fasahohin zamani da za a iya sake yin amfani da su a inda tsafta, Rabuwa marar saura yana da mahimmanci.
4.2 La'akarin Muhalli da Lafiya
Ana ci gaba da bincika tasirin muhalli na wakilan sakin, tuki fasahar zuwa ta halitta lalacewa, lafiya, da ƙananan watsi da mafita.
Ana maye gurbin na'urori na yau da kullun na tushen ƙarfi da mafita na tushen ruwa don rage ma'auni mai canzawa (VOC) fitarwa da inganta yanayin aiki.
Abubuwan da aka samo asali daga mai daga mai shuka ko kayan abinci masu dacewa da muhalli suna samun karbuwa a cikin marufin abinci da kuma samarwa mai dorewa..
Sake amfani da cikas– kamar gurɓatar rafukan shara na filastik ta wurin ajiyar silicone– suna haifar da binciken bincike cikin sauri waɗanda za a iya cirewa ko kuma masu dacewa da sinadarai masu dacewa.
Daidaitaccen tsari tare da REACH, RoHS, kuma ka'idojin OSHA a halin yanzu babban ma'aunin salo ne a cikin sabbin samfura.
A karshe, masu fitar da kayan aikin dole ne don samar da zamani, yana gudana a mahimmin mu'amalar mai amfani tsakanin abu da mold da mildew don tabbatar da aiki, babban inganci, da maimaitawa.
Ilimin su ya shafi kimiyyar sararin samaniya, kayayyakin injiniya, da inganta tsarin, nuna aikinsu na wajibi a kasuwanni daban-daban daga gini zuwa na'urorin lantarki na zamani.
Kamar yadda ake samun ci gaba zuwa atomatik, dorewa, da daidaito, ci gaba da ƙaddamar da fasahohin zamani tabbas za su ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ba da damar tsarin samarwa na gaba.
5. Mai abinci
Cabr-Concrete mai sayarwa ne a ƙarƙashin TRUNNANO na Calcium Aluminate Cement tare da ƙari. 12 shekaru na gwaninta a cikin nano-ginin makamashi kiyayewa da nanotechnology ci gaban. Yana karɓar biyan kuɗi ta Katin Kiredit, T/T, West Union da Paypal. TRUNNANO zai jigilar kaya ga abokan ciniki a ketare ta hanyar FedEx, Farashin DHL, ta iska, ko ta teku. Idan kuna nema ruwa tushen kankare saki wakili, da fatan za a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu kuma ku aiko da tambaya.
Tags: kankare saki jamiái, wakili mai sakin ruwa,ruwa tushen mold saki wakili
Duk labarai da hotuna daga Intanet suke. Idan akwai wasu batutuwan haƙƙin mallaka, don Allah a tuntube mu a lokacin sharewa.
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