1. Khemistri ea Motheo le Moralo oa Crystallographic oa Taxi SIX
1.1 Moralo oa Boron-Rich le Electronic Band Framework
(Calcium Hexaboride)
Calcium hexaboride (TAXI ₆) ke stoichiometric metal boride e tsoang tseleng ea li-hexaboride tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše le alkaline-learth., e khetholloang ka motsoako oa eona oa mofuta o le mong oa ionic, covalent, le litšobotsi tsa tšepe bonding.
Sebopeho sa eona sa kristale se nka lesela la mofuta oa CsCl (sehlopha sa sebaka Pm-3m), moo liathomo tsa k'halsiamo li lulang mathōkong a cube le moralo o rarahaneng oa mahlakore a mararo a boron octahedra (B ₆ lisebelisoa) e dula setsing sa mmele.
Boron octahedron e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e entsoe ka liathomo tse tšeletseng tsa boron tse khomaretsoeng ka kopanelo ka tlhophiso e lekanang haholo., ho theha se thata, marang-rang a haelloang ke elektronike a tšehetsoeng ke phetisetso ea litšenyehelo ho tsoa ho athomo ea electropositive calcium.
Phetisetso ena ea litšenyehelo e lebisa ho sehlopha sa phetisetso se laetseng karolo e itseng, ho fana ka tekesi ea botšelela ka motlakase o phahameng o sa tloaelehang bakeng sa sehlahisoa sa ceramic– ka tatellano ea 10 ⁵ S/m boemong ba mocheso oa kamore– leha e na le lekhalo le leholo la hoo e ka bang 1.0– 1.3 eV joalo ka ha e thehiloe ke lithuto tsa lipatlisiso tsa optical absorption le photoemission.
Qaleho ya sephiri sena– conductivity e phahameng e teng ka lehlakoreng le leng ka bandgap e kholo– e bile taba ea boithuto bo batsi, ka menahano e fanang ka maikutlo a ponahalo ea bofokoli ba tlhaho, bokaholimo ba conductivity, kapa mekhoa ea polaronic conduction ho kenyelletsa le ho kopanya elektronike-phonon ea sebakeng seo.
Lipalo tsa morao-rao tsa melao-motheo ea pele li tšehetsa moralo oo bonyane ba sehlopha sa phetisetso bo fumanoang haholo ho tsoa ho Ca 5d orbitals., ha sehlopha sa valence se busoa ke linaha tsa B 2p, ho hlahisa bosesane, sehlopha sa dispersive se kgothaletsang motsamao wa dieleketerone.
1.2 Tšireletso ea Mocheso le Mechini Litabeng Tse Feteletseng
E le ceramic e refractory, TAXICAB ₆ e bontša botsitso bo sa tloaelehang ba mocheso, e nang le ntlha e qhibidihang e fetelletseng 2200 ° C le ho theola boima ba 'mele ho sa utloahaleng maemong a inert kapa vacuum cleaner ho fihlela 1800 °C.
Mocheso oa eona o phahameng oa ho arohana le khatello e fokotsehileng ea mouoane e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa mocheso le tse sebetsang moo botšepehi ba lintho tse bonahalang tlas'a matšoenyeho a mocheso bo leng bohlokoa..
Ka mochine, CaB ₆ e na le Vickers e tiileng ea hoo e ka bang 25– 30 GPA, ho e beha har'a li-borides tse thata ka ho fetisisa tse tsejoang le ho bonahatsa matla a B– B covalent bonds ka har'a moralo oa octahedral.
Thepa e boetse e bonts'a coefficient e tlase ea katoloso ea mocheso (~ 6.5 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K), ho kenya letsoho ho kganyetso e makatsang ya mocheso– boleng ba bohlokoa bakeng sa likarolo tse ipapisitseng le lipotoloho tse potlakileng tsa ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa.
Libaka tsena tsa bolulo, ho kopantsoe le ho se sebetse ha lik'hemik'hale ho litšepe tse qhibilihisitsoeng le li-slags, e tšehetsa tšebeliso ea eona ho li-crucibles, likhahla tsa thermocouple, le likarolo tsa ho lemoha mocheso o phahameng libakeng tsa ts'ebetso ea metallurgical le indasteri.
( Calcium Hexaboride)
Ho feta moo, TAXICAB ₆ e senola khanyetso e ikhethang ho oxidation e thathamisitsoeng ka tlase 1000 °C; leha ho le joalo, ka holimo ho moeli ona, Ho ka etsahala hore ho be le oxidation ea sebaka sa holimo ho calcium borate le boric oxide, e hlokang liphetho tsa ts'ireletso kapa taolo ea ts'ebetso maemong a oxidizing.
2. Litsela tsa Synthesis le Microstructural Design
2.1 Mekhoa e Tloaelehileng le e Tsoetseng Pele ea ho Etsa
Kakaretso ea tekesi ea botšelela bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa e kenyelletsa likarabo tsa boemo bo tiileng pakeng tsa li-precursors tsa calcium le boron mocheso o phahameng..
Mekhoa e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa ho fokotseha ha calcium oxide (CaO) e nang le boron carbide (B ₄ C) kapa boron ea bohlokoa tlas'a maemo a inert kapa vacuum maemong a mocheso pakeng tsa 1200 ° C le 1600 °C. ^
. Karabo e lokela ho laolwa ka botlalo ho qoba ho thehwa ha mekgahlelo ya tlatsetso e kang taxicab four kapa taxicab TWO., e ka senyang ts'ebetso ea motlakase le mochini.
Mekhoa e meng e kenyelletsa ho fokotseha ha carbothermal, ho qhibiliha ha arc, le mechanochemical synthesis e sebelisang ho sila bolo ea matla a phahameng, e ka fokotsang maemo a mocheso oa karabo le ho matlafatsa homogeneity ea phofo.
Bakeng sa likarolo tse teteaneng tsa ceramic, mekhoa ea sintering joalo ka ho tobetsa ho chesang (HP) kapa ho kenya plasma sintering (SPS) li sebelisetsoa ho fihlela boima bo haufi-ufi ha li ntse li fokotsa kholo ea lijo-thollo le ho boloka microstructures e kholo.
SPS, ka ho toba, e etsa hore ho khonehe ho kopanya kapele mocheso o tlase le nako e khuts'oane ea ho lula, ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho ruruha ha khalsiamo le ho boloka stoichiometry.
2.2 Doping and Issue Chemistry for Home Adjusting
E 'ngoe ea likhatelopele tse kholo lithutong tsa lipatlisiso tsa CaB ₆ e bile bokhoni ba ho hlophisa thepa ea eona ea bolulo ea dijithale le ea thermoelectric kapa ea khoebo ka doping ea boomo le boenjiniere bo fosahetseng..
Ho fetola calcium ka lanthanum (The), cerium (Ce), kapa lintho tse ling tse sa tloaelehang li hlahisa bafani ba litefiso tse ekelitsoeng, e ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea motlakase le ho etsa hore ho khonehe bakeng sa liketso tsa thermoelectric tsa mofuta oa n.
Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, phetisetso e sa fellang ea boron ka khabone kapa naetrojene e ka fetola botenya ba linaha haufi le boemo ba Fermi, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba boleng ba Seebeck le palo e akaretsang ea thermoelectric (ZT).
Litaba tsa tlhaho, haholo-holo mesebetsi ea calcium, e boetse e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollang conductivity.
Research studies indicate that taxi six commonly exhibits calcium shortage due to volatilization throughout high-temperature handling, leading to hole conduction and p-type actions in some samples.
Regulating stoichiometry via accurate ambience control and encapsulation during synthesis is for that reason vital for reproducible efficiency in digital and power conversion applications.
3. Practical Properties and Physical Phantasm in Taxi ₆
3.1 Exceptional Electron Discharge and Field Discharge Applications
CaB ₆ is renowned for its low job function– roughly 2.5 eV– amongst the most affordable for steady ceramic products– making it an exceptional candidate for thermionic and area electron emitters.
Thepa ena ea bolulo kapa ea khoebo e hlaha ho tsoa ho motsoako oa khatello e phahameng ea elektronike le tlhophiso e ntle ea holim'a dipole, e thusa ho tsoa ha elektronike hantle maemong a mocheso a fokotsehileng ha a bapisoa le lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng joalo ka tungsten (mosebetsi oa mosebetsi ~ 4.5 eV).
Ka lebaka la sena, TAXICAB SIX-based cathodes e sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa electron beam, ho kenyelletsa le lense ea elektrone e nyane haholo (TSEBANG), li-welders tsa elektronike, le li-tubes tsa microwave, moo ba fanang ka nako e telele ea bophelo, maemo a fokolang a mocheso oa ho sebetsa, le kganya e hodimo ho feta emitters e tlwaelehileng.
Lifilimi tse tšeletseng le moriri oa tekesi e entsoeng ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng li matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea motlakase le ho feta ka ho phahamisa boima ba sebaka sa motlakase ho mehopolo e hlabang., ho etsa hore ho khonehe hore ho be le ts'ebetso e pholileng ea cathode ho li-microelectronics tsa vacuum cleaner le li-skrini tsa liphanele tse bataletseng.
3.2 Neutron Absorption le Mahlaseli a Tšireletso ea Matla
Bokhoni bo bong ba bohlokoa ba CaB ₆ bo ka har'a bokhoni ba eona ba ho monya neutron., haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho ts'oaroa ha neutron e phahameng ea mocheso oa ¹⁰ B isotope (3837 meliko).
Boron ea tlhaho e na le mabapi le 20% ¹⁰ B, le ho ntlafatsa CaB six ka thepa e kholoanyane ea ¹⁰ B e ka etsoa molemong oa ts'ireletso e matlafalitsoeng ea neutron.
Ha nyutrone e rekotoa ke khubu ea ¹⁰ B, e qala tšebetso ea nyutlelie ¹⁰ B(n, a)⁷ Li, ho lokolla likaroloana tsa alpha le li-ion tsa lithium tse emisoang habonolo ka har'a thepa, ho fetola mahlaseli a neutron hantle hore e be likotoana tse qosoang tse se nang kotsi.
Sena se etsa tekesi ₆ thepa e khahlehang bakeng sa likarolo tse monyang neutron limela tsa matla a athomo., polokelo ea khase e tsetelitsoeng, le mekhoa ea ho sibolla mahlaseli.
Ho fapana le boron carbide (B ₄ C), e ka kokomoha tlasa mahlasedi a nyutrone ka baka la ho bokellana ha helium, CaB ₆ e bonts'a ts'ireletso ea boemo bo holimo le ho hanyetsa tšenyo ea mahlaseli, haholo-holo ka mocheso o phahameng.
Ntho ea eona e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha le ho tšoarella ha lik'hemik'hale le tsona li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba eona ba ho sebelisoa ha nako e telele libakeng tsa nyutlelie..
4. Likopo tse hlahang le tsa indasteri ho Advanced Technologies
4.1 Phetoho ea Matla a Thermoelectric le ho Fumana Mocheso oa litšila
Motsoako oa conductivity e phahameng ea motlakase, e leka-lekaneng Seebeck coefficient, le ho fokotsa conductivity ea mocheso (ka lebaka la ho hasana ha phonon ke setsi sa boron framework) litlhophiso CaB ₆ e le thepa e tšepisang ea thermoelectric bakeng sa sesebelisoa- ho kotula matla a mocheso o phahameng.
Mefuta e fapaneng, haholo-holo La-doped taxi TŠELELA, ba hlile ba bonts'itse boleng ba ZT bo feta 0.5 ho 1000 K, ka bokhoni ba ho ntlafatsa haholoanyane ka nanostructuring le moralo oa moeli oa lijo-thollo.
Lihlahisoa tsena li ntse li sibolloa hore li sebelisoe lijenereithareng tsa thermoelectric (TEGs) tse fetolang litšila tse kotsi li futhumetse– ho tloha litsing tse futhumatsang tsa tšepe, litsamaiso tsa ho felloa ke matla, kapa lifeme tsa motlakase– matla a motlakase a sebetsang.
Tšireletseho ea bona moeeng le ho hanyetsa oxidation maemong a mocheso o phahameng ho fana ka monyetla o moholo ho feta li-thermoelectric tsa setso tse kang PbTe kapa SiGe., tse hlokang moea o sireletsang.
4.2 Liaparo tse tsoetseng pele, Likopano, le Quantum Material Platforms
Lisebelisoa tse ngata tse fetileng, TAXICAB ₆ e ntse e kopanngoa hantle ka har'a lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng le likarolo tse molemo ho matlafatsa ho tiea, apara khanyetso, le litšobotsi tsa ho ntša elektronike.
Mohlala, TAXI SIX e matlafalitsoeng ka boima bo bobebe bo bobebe kapa metsoako ea koporo ea matrix e bonts'a matla le ts'ireletso ea mocheso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa sefofane le tsa motlakase..
Lifilimi tse tšesaane tsa tekesi tse tšeletseng tse fetisetsoang ka sputtering kapa pulsed laser deposition li sebelisoa ka likoahelo tse thata., litšitiso tsa ho hasana, le likarolo tse khathollang ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa vacuum digital.
Eketsa morao tjena, kristale e le 'ngoe le lifilimi tsa epitaxial tsa tekesi tse tšeletseng li hlile li hohetse thahasello ho fisiks e khutsufalitsoeng ka lebaka la litlaleho tsa boitšoaro bo sa lebelloang ba matla a khoheli., e kenyelletsang liqoso tsa ferromagnetism ea mocheso oa kamore ka lisampole tse nang le doped– leha sena se ntse se tsoela pele ho belaella 'me mohlomong se hokahane le magnetism e bakoang ke sekoli sebakeng sa tatellano ea nako e telele..
Ha ho na taba, CaB ₆ e sebetsa e le mohlala oa mokhoa oa ho ithuta sephetho sa khokahanyo ea elektronike, linaha tsa digital tsa topological, le lipalangoang tsa quantum ka har'a li-boride latticeworks tse rarahaneng.
Ka kakaretso, calcium hexaboride e fana ka mohlala oa ho kopanngoa ha boima ba meralo le boiketlo bo sebetsang ho lirafshoa tse tsoetseng pele..
Motsoako oa eona o ikhethang oa conductivity e phahameng ea motlakase, botsitso ba mocheso, ho monya ha neutron, le thepa ea bolulo kapa ea khoebo ea elektronike e lumella lits'ebetso ho pholletsa le matla, nuclear, elektronike, le lihlahisoa tsa mahlale domain name.
Ha maano a synthesis le doping a ntse a tsoela pele, CaB ₆ e maemong a ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ho mahlale a morao-rao a hlokang ts'ebetso e mengata tlasa maemo a thata..
5. Mofani
TRUNNANO ke morekisi oa Spherical Tungsten Powder e nang le over 12 lilemo tsa boiphihlelo ba ho boloka matla a nano-building le nts'etsopele ea nanotechnology. E amohela tefo ka Credit Card, T/T, West Union le Paypal. Trunnano e tla romella thepa ho bareki ba mose ho maoatle ka FedEx, DHL, ka moea, kapa ka lewatle. Haeba u batla ho tseba haholoanyane ka Spherical Tungsten Powder, ka kopo ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le rona le ho romela potso([email protected]).
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