1. Kapangidwe ka Chemical ndi Molecular Mechanism
1.1 Synthesis ndi Molecular Architecture
(Naphthalene Sulfonate Superplasticizer)
Naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate (NSF), omwe amadziwika kuti naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer, ndi chosakaniza chochepetsera madzi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu konkire yochita bwino kwambiri kuti ipititse patsogolo kuyenda popanda kuwononga kukhulupirika kwadongosolo..
Amapangidwa kudzera munjira zambiri zama mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza sulfonation ya naphthalene yokhala ndi sulfuric acid kuti apange naphthalene sulfonic acid., kutsatiridwa ndi formaldehyde condensation pansi pa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi zovuta za pH kupanga polima ndi mayunitsi obwerezabwereza onunkhira olumikizidwa ndi milatho ya methylene..
Chifukwa tinthu timakhala hydrophobic naphthalene msana ndi ambiri hydrophilic sulfonate. (-SO TWO ⁻) magulu, kupanga chisa chonga cha polyelectrolyte chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulumikizana mwamphamvu ndi tizidutswa ta simenti m'malo amadzi..
Mtundu wa amphiphilic uwu ndiwofunikira kwambiri pakubalalitsa kwake, kulola polima kuti adsorb pamtunda wa konkriti wa konkriti ndikuwonetsa kuthamangitsidwa kwa electrostatic pakati pa zidutswa..
Mlingo wa sulfonation ndi polymerization zitha kusinthidwa mwa kaphatikizidwe kake kuti musinthe kuchuluka kwa maselo ndi kachulukidwe kandalama., zowongoka zomwe zimakhudza kufalikira komanso kuyanjana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya konkriti.
1.2 Diffusion System mu Cementitious Systems
Pamene anapereka mwatsopano konkire, NSF imachita makamaka kudzera mu kukana kwa electrostatic, kachitidwe kosiyana ndi chopinga chosalimba chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma superplasticizers atsopano a polycarboxylate.
Pa kusanganikirana, mphete za naphthalene za hydrophobic zimatengera malo otetezedwa bwino a tricalcium silicate. (C FOUR S) ndi magawo ena konkire, pamene magulu oipitsidwa ndi sulfonate amatalikitsa njira ya pore, kupanga olimba choyipitsa pamwamba kuthekera.
Izi zimapanga magetsi apawiri osanjikiza kuzungulira konkriti iliyonse, kuwapangitsa kuti azithamangitsana wina ndi mzake ndikutsutsa chizolowezi chachilengedwe cha tizidutswa tating'ono tating'onoting'ono chifukwa cha zovuta za van der Waals..
Chifukwa chake, madzi otsekeredwa m'mipingo amayambika, kuonjezera fluidity ya kusakaniza ndi kupanga zotheka kuchepetsa kwambiri madzi okhutira– zambiri 15– 25%– pamene kusunga ntchito.
Kufalikira kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe osakanikirana a microstructure, kuchepa kwa porosity, ndi kumawonjezera kulimba kwa makina pakapita nthawi.
Komabe, Kuchita bwino kwa NSF kumachepa ndi kusakanikirana kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kutentha chifukwa cha kuchepa ndi kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, kuchepetsa komwe kumakhudza kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake pamayendedwe apamtunda wautali kapena nyengo zofunda.
( Naphthalene Sulfonate Superplasticizer)
2. Kachitidwe Kachitidwe ndi Zopindulitsa Zapangidwe
2.1 Kugwira ntchito ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Kuyenda
Ubwino umodzi wa naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer ndi kuthekera kwake kulimbikitsa kugwa kwa konkire., kupangitsa kuti ikhale yothamanga kwambiri komanso yosavuta kuyiyika, mpope, ndi kulimbikitsa, makamaka m'magulu olimbikitsidwa kwambiri.
Kugwira ntchito kowonjezereka kumeneku kumathandizira kumanga ndi kumanga mitundu yodabwitsa yomanga ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwa kugwedezeka kwamakina., kuchepa kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso chiwopsezo cha zisa kapena kusagwira ntchito.
NSF ndiyochita bwino kwambiri popanga konkriti yodziphatikiza yokha (Chithunzi cha SCC) pamene anagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi oimira mamasukidwe-kusintha ndi zina admixtures, kutsimikizira nkhungu ndi mildew kudzaza popanda kugawa.
Kuchuluka kwa fluidity kumadalira mlingo, mosiyanasiyana 0.5% ku 2.0% ndi kulemera kwa konkire, kupitilira apo kuchepa kwa kubwerera kapena kuchedwa kumatha kuchitika.
Mosiyana ndi mapulasitiki ena achilengedwe, NSF sichiyambitsa kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya mopitirira muyeso, kuteteza kachulukidwe ndi kulimba kwa chinthu chomaliza.
2.2 Kulimbitsa ndi Kukulitsa Moyo Wautali
Popanga zotheka kutsitsa madzi mpaka simenti (WC) kuchuluka, NSF imagwira ntchito yofunikira pakukulitsa kulimba mtima koyambirira komanso kwanthawi yayitali komanso kusinthasintha kwa konkriti..
Kutsika kwa w / c kumachepetsa kutsika kwa capillary, kuchititsa denser, matrix ocheperako omwe amakana kulowa kwa ma kloridi, sulfates, ndi chinyezi– zinthu zofunika kwambiri popewa kulimbikitsa dzimbiri ndi sulphate kuukira.
Kusasunthika kowonjezereka kumeneku kumakulitsa moyo wautumiki m'malo ankhanza monga zam'madzi, milatho, ndi malo operekera madzi oipa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa yunifolomu kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta konkriti kumalimbikitsa kuthira madzi okwanira, kuonjezera mphamvu ya mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa ziwopsezo zosweka.
Kafukufuku wawonetsa kuti konkire kuphatikiza NSF imatha kukwaniritsa 20– 40% apamwamba compressive mphamvu pa 28 masiku poyerekeza ndi kusamalira zosakaniza, kudalira njira zosakaniza ndi kuchiritsa mavuto.
3. Zogwirizana ndi Ntchito Zoyenera Kuziganizira
3.1 Kulankhulana ndi Konkire ndi Zida Zowonjezera
Ntchito ya naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer imatha kusiyana kwambiri kutengera mapangidwe a simenti., makamaka C TWO A (tricalcium aluminiyamu) zakuthupi ndi madigiri a alkali.
Makonkire okhala ndi C SIX A apamwamba amakhala ndi chizolowezi chotsatsa kwambiri NSF chifukwa champhamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi., zomwe zimafunika kuchita zambiri kuti mukwaniritse madzi omwe mukufuna.
Momwemonso, kukhalapo kwa zida zowonjezera za simenti (Ma SCM) monga phulusa la ntchentche, slag, kapena silika fume zimakhudza adsorption kinetics ndi khalidwe rheological; Mwachitsanzo, fly phulusa akhoza kumaliza malo adsorption, kusintha mlingo wogwira mtima.
Kuphatikiza NSF ndi zophatikizira zina monga zochepetsera, ma accelerator, kapena othandizira mpweya amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti asamachite zinthu zoipa monga kugwa mofulumira kapena kusonkhanitsa flash..
Kutsatizana– kaya NSF yawonjezedwa m'mbuyomu, lonse, kapena mutatha kusakaniza– Momwemonso imakhudza kachitidwe ka kubalalitsidwa ndipo iyenera kukhala yokhazikika m'njira zazikulu.
3.2 Zachilengedwe ndi Kasamalidwe
NSF imapezeka mumitundu yamadzimadzi ndi ufa, ndi njira zamadzimadzi pogwiritsa ntchito dosing yosavuta komanso kusungunuka mwachangu posakaniza madzi.
Ngakhale nthawi zambiri khola pansi yachibadwa kusungirako mavuto, kutenthedwa kwachindunji ndi kuzizira kwambiri kungayambitse mvula, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuwononga maunyolo a polima ndi nthawi.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro achilengedwe, NSF imaganiziridwa poyizoni wochepa komanso wosawononga, ngakhale njira zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kutsatiridwa kuti mupewe kutulutsa ufa kapena kutupa pakhungu.
Kupanga kwake kumaphatikizapo petrochemical by-products ndi formaldehyde, kudzutsa nkhawa zokhazikika zomwe zachititsa kafukufuku wofufuza muzosankha zochokera pazachilengedwe komanso maphunziro obiriwira.
4. Industrial Applications ndi Future Outlook
4.1 Gwiritsani ntchito Precast, Okonzeka-Sakanizani, ndi High-Strength Concrete
Naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino popanga konkriti yokhazikika, kumene kulamulira kwenikweni pa nthawi yokhazikitsa, kumaliza pamwamba, ndipo kulondola kwenikweni ndikofunikira.
Mu konkire yosakaniza yokonzeka, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuyenda mtunda wautali popanda kusiya kugwira ntchito pofika pamasamba omanga.
Ndiwofunikanso kwambiri mu konkire yamphamvu kwambiri (HSC) ndi konkriti wokwera kwambiri (UHPC), pomwe ma ratios otsika kwambiri amafunikira kuti akwaniritse mphamvu zopondereza zopambana 100 MPa.
Zomangamanga za tunnel, nyumba zapamwamba, ndi zinthu za konkriti zokhazikika zimapindula ndi moyo wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito operekedwa ndi zosakanikirana zosinthidwa za NSF..
4.2 Zochitika ndi Zovuta mu Admixture Modern Technology
Ngakhale mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri a polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizers okhala ndi kusungidwa kwapamwamba kwa kukhumudwa komanso kuchepa kwa mlingo, NSF imakhala yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kutsika mtengo kwake komanso kuyesa ndikuyesedwa.
Kufufuza kosalekeza kumayang'ana kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yophatikiza NSF yokhala ndi ma PCE kapena nanomaterials kuti akwaniritse rheology ndi kukula kwamphamvu..
Njira zowongolera kuwonongeka kwa biodegradability, kutsika kwa formaldehyde panthawi yonse yopanga, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kugwirizanitsa ndi simenti za carbon yochepa zimasonyeza kusintha kwa msika kuzinthu zomangira zokhalitsa.
Pomaliza, Naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer imayimira mwala wapangodya zamakono zamakono zamakono zamakono zamakono, kulumikiza danga pakati pa njira wamba ndi ntchito bwino mankhwala.
Kutha kwake kusintha konkriti kukhala gulu losavuta koma lokhazikika kukupitilizabe kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko chapadziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale m'badwo wotsatira ukupita patsogolo.
5. Wofalitsa
Cabr-Concrete ndi ogulitsa Concrete Admixture yokhala ndi over 12 zaka zambiri zachitetezo cha nano-building energy komanso chitukuko cha nanotechnology. Imavomereza kulipira kudzera pa Kirediti kadi, T/T, West Union ndi Paypal. TRUNNANO idzatumiza katundu kwa makasitomala akunja kudzera ku FedEx, DHL, ndi mpweya, kapena panyanja. Ngati mukuyang'ana Concrete Admixture yapamwamba kwambiri, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe ndi kutumiza kufunsa.
Tags: sodium naphthalene,polycarboxylate ether, Naphthalene Sulfonate Superplasticizer
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