1. Kemistri ea Bohlokoa le Litšobotsi tsa Sebopeho
1.1 Crystalline vs. Amorphous Boron: Tokisetso ea Atomic le Bohloeki
(Phofo ea Boron)
Borone, karolo 5 tafoleng ea likarolo, E fumaneha ka mefuta e mengata ea allotropic, ka li-crystalline le li-amorphous powders tse loketseng ka ho fetisisa indastering.
Crystalline boron hangata e nka moralo oa rhombohedral (α-rhombohedral) e entsoe ka B ₁₂ icosahedra e hokahaneng le marang-rang a rarahaneng a mahlakore a mararo, e bontshang ho tiya ho hodimo, tshireletso ya mocheso, le liketso tsa semiconductor.
Ka papiso, amorphous boron ha e na taelo ea athomo ea nako e telele, e nang le lihlopha tse sa tsitsang tsa liathomo tsa boron tse hlahisang kutloisiso e phahameng ea lik'hemik'hale ka lebaka la litlamo tse leketlileng le mathata a meralo..
Amorphous boron hangata e bōpiloe ka ho fokotseha ha lik'hemik'hale tsa boron halides kapa ho bola ha mocheso oa boron hydrides., ho fana ka phofo e ntle e nang le boholo ba likaroloana ho tloha ho nanometers ho isa ho micrometer.
Boron ea amorphous e hloekileng haholo (> 95% B) e bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ncha, joalo ka litšila tse kang oksijene, khabone, 'me litšepe li ka fetola kinetics ea mollo haholo, meaho ea motlakase, le mosebetsi oa catalytic.
Sebopeho sa metastable sa amorphous boron se etsa hore e sekamele ho kristale maemong a phahameng a mocheso (fedile 800 °C), e ka sebelisoang kapa ea fokotsoa ho latela ts'ebeliso e reriloeng.
1.2 Sebopeho sa 'Mele le Elektronike
Liphoofolo tsa boron, ka ho khetheha ka sebopeho sa amorphous, bonts'a thepa e ikhethang ea bolulo kapa ea khoebo e tsoang tlhahong ea bona ea khaello ea elektronike le maqhama a mangata.
Li na le ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha (pota-potileng 2076 ° C bakeng sa boron ea kristale) le botsitso bo ikhethang (ea bobeli feela ho ruby le cubic boron nitride), li etsa hore li be tse loketseng bakeng sa li-finishing le li-abrasives tse sa senyeheng.
Amorphous boron e na le sehlopha se ka bang 1.5– 1.6 eV, e mahareng pakeng tsa ditshepe le disiela, ho etsa hore ho khonehe bakeng sa litloaelo tse kang semiconductor tse nang le conductivity e ka khonehang ka ho sebelisa doping kapa moralo oa bothata.
Botenya ba eona bo tlase (2.34 g/cm PEDI) e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso lits'ebetsong tse matla tsa boima bo bobebe, ha lintlha tsa eona tse phahameng li na le matla a matla (~ 58 kJ/g holim'a oxidation) e feta khase e tloaelehileng e mengata.
Likarolo tsena li beha phofo ea boron joalo ka lihlahisoa tse sebetsang ka matla, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, le lisebelisoa tsa meralo.
( Phofo ea Boron)
2. Mekhoa ea Kopano le Tlhahiso ea Liindasteri
2.1 Tlhahiso ea Amorphous Boron
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho theha boron ea amorphous ke phokotso ea boron trichloride (BCl boraro) e nang le haedrojene mochesong o itekanetseng (600– 800 °C) ka sesebedisoa sa bethe se nang le metsi.
Mokhoa ona o hlahisa phofo e sootho ho isa ho e ntšo e entsoeng ka li-nanoparticles tse kopantsoeng, e ntan'o hlakoloa ka leaching ea acid ho tlosa chloride khafetsa le litšila tsa tšepe..
Tsela e fapaneng e kenyelletsa ho senyeha ha mocheso oa diborane (B ₂ H ₆) ka mocheso o tlase, ho hlahisa boron ea ultrafine amorphous e nang le sebaka se phahameng, le hoja mokhoa ona o sa fokotsehe ka lebaka la theko e phahameng le ho se tsitse ha li-foreerunners tsa borane.
Haufinyane tjena, phokotso ea magnesium ea B PELI O tse peli e hlile e sibollotsoe e le mokhoa o ka rekoang, le hoja e hloka hore ho be le ts'ebetso e hlokolosi ka mor'a ts'ebetso ho tlosa liphello tsa MgO le ho finyella bohloeki bo phahameng.
Koetliso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea synthesis e fana ka litsebo lipakeng tsa chai, bohloeki, morphology e nyane, le theko ea tlhahiso, e susumetsang khetho ea lits'ebetso tse itseng.
2.2 Tlhoekiso le Moralo oa Karolo
Ho hloekisa ka mor'a synthesis ho bohlokoa ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso, ka ho khetheha lits'ebetsong tse matla le tsa dijithale moo tšilafalo e sebetsang e le thibelo ea karabelo kapa maraba a tefiso.
Liphekolo tsa Hydrofluoric le hydrochloric acid li qhibiliha ka nepo litšila tsa oxide le tšepe, athe annealing ea mocheso libakeng tse sa sebetseng e ka fokotsa oksijene le ho feta le ho tsitsisa sebopeho sa amorphous..
Ho fokotseha ha boholo ba likaroloana ka ho sila ho pota-pota kapa jet milling ho lumella ho lokisoa ha bokaholimo le ho sebetsa hape, le hoja ho sila ho feteletseng ho ka hlahisa sebopeho sa pele kapa tšilafalo ho tsoa mecheng ea litaba.
Mekhoa ea ho etsa lintho ka holim'a metsi, joalo ka ho koahela ka li-polymers kapa oxides, li hiriloe ho emisa oxidation e iketsahallang sebakeng sa polokelo ha li ntse li sireletsa kutlo tlas'a maemo a laoloang a ho tima..
Maano ana a boenjiniere a netefatsa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea thepa ho pholletsa le lihlopha tsa khoebo.
3. Litšobotsi tse Molemo le Mekhoa ea Boitšoaro
3.1 Boitšoaro ba ho tuka le bo matla
E 'ngoe ea ts'ebeliso e makatsang ea boron ea amorphous ke khase e nang le matla a phahameng ka har'a li-propellants tse matla le lipina tsa pyrotechnic..
Holisitsoe, boron e arabela ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang ka oksijene ho etsa boron trioxide (B ₂ O ₃), ho lokolla matla a bohlokoa boima bo bong le bo bong– ho etsa hore e kgahle bakeng sa ho tsamaisetsa sefofane, haholo-holo ka ramjets le scramjets.
Leha ho le joalo, tshebediso e molemo e qholotswa ke ho dieha ho tjhesa ka lebaka la ntshetsopele ya lera la viscous B PEDI O nne le kopanyelletsang dikarolwana tsa borone tse sa sebetseng., ho sitisa oxidation e eketsehileng.
Sena “ho lagnition lag” e tsamaisitse lipatlisiso ho nanostructuring, tshebetso ya bokahodimo, le ho sebelisa li-stimulants (mohlala, phetoho ea li-oxide tsa tšepe) ho fokotsa mocheso oa mocheso le ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho tuka.
Ho sa tsotellehe litšitiso tsena, boron botenya bo phahameng ba boron le matla a gravimetric bo ntse bo tsoela pele ho etsa hore e be mokhethoa ea tlamang bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa propulsion tsa moloko o latelang..
3.2 Lisebelisoa tsa Catalytic le Semiconductor
Ka ntle ho matla, amorphous boron e sebetsa e le selelekela sa lintho tse susumetsang tse thehiloeng ho boron le li-semiconductors.
E sebetsa e le moemeli ea fokotsehang lits'ebetsong tsa metallurgical mme e ikopanya le likarabo tsa catalytic hydrogenation le dehydrogenation ha e qhalakanngoa ka thuso..
Ka lihlahisoa saense, Lifilimi tsa amorphous boron tse fetisitsoeng ka tšebeliso ea mouoane oa lik'hemik'hale (CVD) li sebelisoa ho li-semiconductor doping le li-detectors tsa neutron ka lebaka la karolo e ka holimo ea boron-10's.
Bokhoni ba eona ba ho hlahisa li-borides tse tsitsitseng ka litšepe (mohlala, TiB ₂, ZrB BOBELI) e thusa ho kopanya li-porcelain tsa mocheso o phahameng haholo (Li-UHTCs) bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso ea mocheso oa sefofane.
Holim'a moo, Metsoako e ruileng ea boron e bakoang ke boron ea amorphous e hlahlojoa lihlahisoa tsa thermoelectric le li-superconductors., ho totobatsa ho tenyetseha ha yona.
4. Likopo tsa Liindasteri le Tse Hlahang tsa Tekheniki
4.1 Sepakapaka, Tshireletso, le Litharollo tsa Matla
Sebakeng sa sefofane, amorphous boron e kenyellelitsoe ka har'a liforomo tse tiileng tsa mafura ho matlafatsa lintlha tse susumetsang le boemo ba mocheso oa mollo lienjineng tse hemang moea..
E boetse e sebelisoa ho li-igniters, lijenereithara tsa khase, le pyrotechnic hold-up songs ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e tšepahalang le e laolehang ea matla.
Ka theknoloji ea nyutlelie, phofo ea boron-10 e ntlafalitsoeng e sebelisoa ho lithupa tsa taolo le lihlahisoa tse sirelletsang tsa neutron, e sebelisa matla a eona a ho nka li-neutron tse futhumatsang ntle le ho theha lihlahisoa tse silafetseng tsa nako e telele..
Ho ithuta ka li-anode tse thehiloeng ho boron bakeng sa libeteri tsa lithium-ion le sodium-ion ho sibolla bokhoni ba eona bo phahameng ba theory. (~ 1780 mAh/g bakeng sa Li five B), le hoja mathata a katoloso ea bongata le tšireletso ea libaesekele li ntse li le teng.
4.2 Lisebelisoa tse Tsoetseng Pele le Litaelo tsa Kamoso
Lisebelisoa tse hlahisoang li na le lifilimi tsa boron-doped ruby bakeng sa maikutlo a electrochemical le kalafo ea metsi, moo thepa e khethehileng ea bolulo ea digital kapa ea khoebo ea boron e ntlafatsang conductivity le ho tiea ha electrode.
Ho nanotechnology, li-amorphous boron nanoparticles li hlahlojoa bakeng sa ho fana ka lithethefatsi tse lebisitsoeng le phekolo ea photothermal, ho laola biocompatibility ea bona le maikutlo a bona ho tšusumetso e kantle.
Mekhoa e tšoarellang ea tlhahiso, joalo ka plasma-assisted synthesis le mekhoa ea ho fokotseha e tala, li ntse li ntlafatsoa ho theola tšusumetso ea tikoloho le matla a matla.
Meralo ea bohlale ba maiketsetso e ntse e beoa litloaelong tsa ho chesa esale pele le ho ntlafatsa moralo o monyenyane bakeng sa lintlha tsa tharollo e matla..
Ha kutloisiso ea k'hemistri e rarahaneng ea boron e ntse e teba, mefuta ka bobeli ea kristale le ea amorphous e behiloe ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele, polokelo ea matla, le mekhoa e mecha ea tšireletso.
Ka kakaretso, phofo ea boron– haholo-holo amorphous boron– emela tsela ea lihlahisoa tse ngata tse sebetsang tse hokahanyang libaka tsa matla, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, le moralo oa meralo.
Motsoako oa bona o ikhethang oa kutlo e phahameng, botsitso ba mocheso, 'me liketso tsa semiconductor li nolofalletsa lisebelisoa tsa phetoho ho pholletsa le sefofane, nuclear, le liindasteri tse ntseng li hlaha tsa sejoale-joale.
5. Morekisi
RBOSCHCO ke morekisi ea tšepahalang oa thepa ea lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng ka bophara & moetsi ka hofeta 12 boiphihlelo ba lilemo tsa ho fana ka lik'hemik'hale tsa boleng bo holimo le li-Nanomaterials. Khampani e romela linaheng tse ngata, joalo ka USA, Canada, Europe, UAE, Afrika Boroa, Tanzania, Kenya, Egepeta, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda, kalakuni, Mexico, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Cyprase, Riphaboliki ea Czech, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Dubai, Japane, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia,Jeremane, Fora, Italy, Portugal joalo-joalo. E le moetsi ea ka sehloohong oa nts'etsopele ea nanotechnology, RBOSCHCO e laola 'maraka. Sehlopha sa rona sa basebetsi ba litsebi se fana ka litharollo tse phethahetseng ho thusa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea liindasteri tse fapaneng, theha boleng, le ho sebetsana le mathata a fapaneng habonolo. Haeba u batla cubic boron nitride phofo, ka kopo ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le rona le ho romela potso.
Li-tag: Phofo ea Boron, Amorphous Boron, Amorphous Boron phofo
Lingoliloeng tsohle le litšoantšo li tsoa Marang-rang. Haeba ho na le litaba tsa copyright, ka kopo ikopanye le rona ka nako ho hlakola.
Re botse