1. Haɗe-haɗe da Haɗaɗɗen Chemistry na Calcium Aluminate Cement
1.1 Matakan Farko da Albarkatun Material
(Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
Calcium aluminate kankare (CAC) samfurin gini ne na musamman wanda ya dogara da siminti aluminate (CAC), wanda ya bambanta da matsakaicin simintin Portland (OPC) a cikin abun da ke ciki da inganci.
Mataki na farko na ɗaure a cikin CAC shine monocalcium aluminate (CaO · Al ₂ O shida ko CA), yawanci ya ƙunshi 40– 60% na clinker, tare da wasu matakai daban-daban kamar dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate (C ₁ A ₇), calcium dialluminum (CA BIYU), da ƙananan adadin tetracalcium trialuminate sulfate (C ₄ AS).
Ana haifar da waɗannan matakan ta hanyar haɗa bauxite mai tsabta mai tsabta (aluminum mai arziki a cikin tama) da sedimentary dutse a cikin lantarki baka ko rotary kilns a yanayin zafi tsakanin 1300 ° C da 1600 ° C, yana kaiwa ga ƙwanƙwasa wanda saboda haka aka niƙa shi daidai cikin babban foda.
Yin amfani da bauxite yana tabbatar da babban nauyin aluminum oxide (Na biyu O₃) abun ciki na yanar gizo– yawanci tsakanin 35% kuma 80%– wanda ke da mahimmanci ga samfuran refractory da juriya na sinadarai.
Ba kamar OPC ba, wanda ke ƙidaya akan siliki silicate hydrates (C-S-H) don ci gaba tauri, CAC tana samun kaddarorin wurin zama ko na kasuwanci tare da hydration na matakan aluminate na calcium, ƙirƙirar tarin hydrates mai ban sha'awa tare da ingantaccen inganci a cikin yanayi mai ban tsoro.
1.2 Na'urar hydration da Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafa
Ruwan ruwa na siminti aluminate yana da rikitarwa, Tsarin zafin jiki mai mahimmanci wanda ke haifar da samuwar metastable da barga hydrates tare da lokaci.
A yanayin zafi da aka jera a ƙasa 20 ° C, CA moisturizes don haɓaka CAH ₀ (calcium aluminate decahydrate) da C ₂ AH ₈ (Dicalcium aluminate octahydrate), waxanda suke matakai ne masu iya daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da ƙarfi da wuri da sauri– yawanci cimma 50 MPa a ciki 1 rana.
Duk da haka, a yanayin zafi sama da 25– 30 ° C, wadannan metastable hydrates suna fuskantar canji zuwa matakin amintaccen ma'aunin thermodynamically, C SHIDA AH SHIDA (hydrogarnet), da amorphous haske nauyi aluminum hydroxide (AH BIYAR), hanya da aka sani da juyawa.
Wannan jujjuyawar yana rage ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na matakan ruwa, haɓaka porosity da yuwuwar lalata simintin idan ba a kula da shi daidai ba a duk lokacin jiyya da mafita.
Adadin da matakin jujjuyawa suna tasiri ta hanyar ruwa-zuwa-ciminti, maganin zafin jiki, da kasancewar sinadarai irin su silica fume ko microsilica, wanda zai iya rage taurin asara ta hanyar tace pore tsarin da talla na biyu halayen.
Duk da barazanar tuba, saurin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ikon rushewa da wuri yana sa CAC manufa don abubuwan da aka riga aka tsara da aikin gyaran yanayin gaggawa a cikin saitunan masana'antu..
( Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
2. Mazaunan Jiki da Injiniya Karkashin Matsalolin Matsalolin
2.1 Ayyukan Babban Zazzabi da Refractoriness
Daga cikin mafi ma'anar sifofin calcium aluminate kankare shine ikon da yake iya yin tsayayya da matsanancin yanayin zafi, yin shi zaɓin da aka fi so don rufin salon salula a cikin dumama masana'antu, kilns, da masu ƙonewa.
Lokacin zafi, CAC tana ɗaukar tarin raƙuman ruwa da martani: hydrates sun rushe a tsakanin 100 ° C da 300 ° C, biyo bayan samuwar matsakaicin matakan crystalline kamar CA ₂ da melilite (gehlenite) a sama 1000 ° C.
A matakan zafin jiki ya zarce 1300 ° C, Tsarin yumbu mai kauri yana samuwa ta hanyar sintirin ruwa-lokaci, yana haifar da babban ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi da tsaro na girma.
Wannan ɗabi'a ta bambanta sosai da siminti na tushen OPC, wanda yawanci spalls ko lalacewa a sama 300 ° C saboda tsananin tururi tarin damuwa da tarwatsewar matakan C-S-H.
Abubuwan da ke tushen CAC na iya kula da ci gaba da matakan zafin sabis har zuwa 1400 ° C, dangane da jimillar nau'i da mafita, kuma yawanci ana amfani da su a haɗe tare da aggregates masu raɗaɗi kamar calcined bauxite, chamotte, ko mullite don inganta juriyar girgiza zafi.
2.2 Juriya ga harin Sinadari da lalata
Calcium aluminate kankare yana nuna juriya na ban mamaki ga kewayon yanayin sinadarai, musamman yanayin acidic da sulfate mai wadatar inda OPC zai tabarbare cikin sauri.
Matsalolin aluminate masu ruwa da ruwa sun fi kwanciyar hankali a cikin ƙananan yanayin pH, ƙyale CAC ta yi tsayayya da yajin acid daga albarkatu irin su sulfuric, hydrochloric, da Organic acid– na yau da kullun a cikin masana'antar sarrafa ruwa, cibiyoyin kula da sinadarai, da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai.
Hakanan yana da matukar rigakafi ga yajin sulfate, Muhimmin sanadin lalacewar kankare na OPC a cikin ƙasa da muhallin ruwa, saboda rashin calcium hydroxide (Portlanders) da matakan haɓakar ettringite.
Bugu da kari, CAC yana nuna ƙarancin narkewa a cikin ruwan gishiri da juriya ga shigar chloride ion, rage haɗarin lalacewar goyan baya a cikin saitunan ruwa masu ƙiyayya.
Waɗannan kaddarorin na zama ko na kasuwanci sun sa ya dace da laka a cikin injin narke gas, tankunan ajiya na ɓangaren litattafan almara da takarda, da na'urori masu lalata iskar gas inda duka sinadaran da damuwa na zafi da damuwa suke.
3. Ƙirƙirar Ƙarfafawa da Halayen Juriya
3.1 Tsarin Pore da Leaks A Tsarin
Dorewar calcium aluminate kankare yana da alaƙa sosai da ƙananan tsarinsa, musamman ta pore girma wurare dabam dabam da kuma dangane.
Sabon danshi CAC yana nuna kyakkyawan tsarin pore wanda ya bambanta da OPC, tare da gel pores da capillary pores suna ba da gudummawa ga rage haɓakawa da haɓaka juriya ga shigar da ion mai ƙiyayya..
Duk da haka, yayin da juyowa ke ci gaba, coarsening na pore tsarin saboda densification na C SIX AH shida na iya ƙara leaks a cikin tsarin idan kankare ba daidai bi da ko amintattu..
Haɓaka kayan aluminosilicate masu amsawa, kamar ash ƙuda ko metakaolin, na iya haɓaka juriya na dogon lokaci ta hanyar cinye lemun tsami na kyauta da ƙirƙirar ƙarin calcium aluminosilicate hydrate. (C-A-S-H) Matakan da ke tsaftace ƙananan tsarin.
Magani daidai– musamman rigar warkewa a yanayin zafi mai sarrafawa– yana da mahimmanci don jinkirta jujjuyawa kuma ba da izinin ci gaba mai yawa, matrix wanda ba zai iya shiga ba.
3.2 Thermal Shock da Juriya na Spalling
Juriyar girgiza zafin zafi shine mahimman ƙididdige ƙididdiga masu inganci don kayan da ake amfani da su a cikin dumama gida da kuma yanayin sanyaya..
Calcium aluminate kankare, musamman a lokacin da aka tsara tare da ƙananan siminti abu da babban tarawa mai yawa, yana nuna juriya mai ban sha'awa ga spalling thermal saboda ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakar thermal da haɓakar haɓakar thermal game da wasu simintin ƙarfe daban-daban..
Kasancewar microcracks da porosity masu haɗin gwiwa suna ba da damar danniya da nishaɗin damuwa yayin gyare-gyaren matakin zafin jiki mai sauri., hana bala'i fashewa.
Tallafin fiber– yin amfani da karfe, polypropylene, ko lava fibers– ƙarin inganta ƙarfi da tsaga juriya, musamman a duk lokacin farkon matakin zafi na rufin salula na kasuwanci.
Waɗannan fasalulluka suna yin takamaiman tsawon rayuwa a aikace-aikace kamar ladle na salula a cikin ƙera ƙarfe, rotary kilns a kankare masana'antu, da petrochemical crackers.
4. Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu da Ci gaban Gaba
4.1 Dabarun Masana'antu da Amfani da Tsarin
Calcium aluminate kankare yana da mahimmanci a kasuwanni inda simintin gargajiya ya ragu sakamakon yanayin zafi ko sinadarai kai tsaye..
A cikin kasuwannin karfe da ma'adinai, Ana amfani da shi don monolithic linings a cikin ladles, a cikin azuzuwan, da ramuka masu yawa, Inda ya yi tsayayya da kirar karfe mai ruwa da kuma hawan keken zafi.
A cikin sharar incineration shuke-shuke, CAC na tushen refractory castables suna kiyaye ganuwar tukunyar jirgi ta tsakiya daga iskar hayaƙin hayaƙin hayaƙi da ash ɗin gardama a yanayin zafi mai tsayi..
Tsarin ruwa na al'umma yana amfani da CAC don magudanar ruwa, tashoshin famfo, da bututun magudanar ruwa da aka fallasa ga biogenic sulfuric acid, Mahimmancin tsawaita rayuwa sabanin OPC.
Hakanan ana amfani da shi a cikin tsarin gyara sauri don manyan hanyoyi, gadoji, da hanyoyin filin jirgin sama, inda yanayin saurin sa ya ba da izinin sake buɗe rana guda zuwa zirga-zirgar yanar gizo.
4.2 Dorewa da Nagartattun Ƙirar
Ko da kuwa fa'idodin aikin sa, Samar da simintin siminti na aluminate yana da ƙarfin kuzari kuma yana da sawun carbon mafi girma fiye da OPC saboda tsananin zafin jiki..
Binciken ci gaba da bincike yana mai da hankali kan rage tasirin muhalli ta hanyar maye gurbin wani yanki tare da jujjuyawar kasuwanci, kamar ɗigon aluminium mai nauyi mai sauƙi ko slag, da kuma inganta aikin kiln.
Sabbin hanyoyin magance nanomaterials, kamar nano-alumina ko carbon nanotubes, dalili don haɓaka ƙarfin farko, rage lalacewar da ke da alaƙa da juyawa, da kuma tsawaita ƙuntatawa yanayin zafi bayani.
Bugu da kari, ci gaban ƙananan siminti da ultra-low-cement refractory castables (ULCCs) inganta kauri, karfin hali, da tsawon rai ta hanyar rage yawan matrix mai amsawa yayin yin mafi kyawun amfani da tarawar kullewa.
Kamar yadda hanyoyin kasuwanci ke buƙata kafin ƙarin samfura masu ɗorewa, Calcium aluminate kankare yana ci gaba da ci gaba a matsayin tushen babban aiki, m yi a cikin daya daga cikin mafi m saituna.
A sake fasalin, Calcium aluminate kankare yana haɗuwa da haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfin sauri, high-zazzabi kwanciyar hankali, da kuma juriya na sinadarai, yin shi wani abu mai mahimmanci don tsari bisa matsanancin yanayin zafi da lalata.
Chemistry hydration na musamman da ci gaban microstructural yana buƙatar kulawa da salo a hankali, duk da haka idan an yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata, yana ba da ƙarfi mara misaltuwa da tsaro a aikace-aikacen kasuwanci a duniya.
5. Mai rarrabawa
Cabr-Concrete mai sayarwa ne a ƙarƙashin TRUNNANO na Calcium Aluminate Cement tare da ƙari. 12 shekaru na gwaninta a cikin nano-ginin makamashi kiyayewa da nanotechnology ci gaban. Yana karɓar biyan kuɗi ta Katin Kiredit, T/T, West Union da Paypal. TRUNNANO zai jigilar kaya ga abokan ciniki a ketare ta hanyar FedEx, Farashin DHL, ta iska, ko ta teku. Idan kuna nema aluminate ciminti, da fatan za a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu kuma ku aiko da tambaya. (
Tags: calcium aluminium,calcium aluminium,aluminate ciminti
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