1. Ihe mejupụtara na hydration Chemistry nke Calcium Aluminate ciment
1.1 Usoro izizi na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa
(Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
Calcium aluminom kọmpat (CAC) bụ ngwaahịa ụlọ pụrụ iche dabere na simenti calcium aluminate (CAC), nke dị iche na nkezi simenti Portland (OPC) na ma mejupụtara na arụmọrụ.
Usoro njikọ nke mbụ na CAC bụ monocalcium aluminate (CaO · Al ₂ O isii ma ọ bụ CA), na-agụnyekarị 40– 60% nke clinker, yana usoro ndị ọzọ dị iche iche dị ka dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate (C₁₂ A₇), calcium dialuminate (CA ABỤỌ), na obere tetracalcium trialuminate sulfate (C ₄ AS).
A na-emepụta ọkwa ndị a site na ijikọta bauxite dị ọcha (aluminom bara ọgaranya) na sedimentary nkume n'ime ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ rotary kilns na okpomọkụ n'etiti 1300 Celsius C na 1600 Celsius C, na-eduga na clinker nke a na-agbanye n'ime ya ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu ntụ ntụ.
Iji bauxite eme ihe na-eme ka aluminom oxide dị arọ dị elu (Al abụọ O ₃) ọdịnaya weebụ– na-emekarị n'etiti 35% na 80%– which is vital for the product’s refractory and chemical resistance residential properties.
Unlike OPC, which counts on calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) for toughness advancement, CAC gains its mechanical residential or commercial properties with the hydration of calcium aluminate phases, creating a distinct collection of hydrates with remarkable efficiency in aggressive environments.
1.2 Hydration Device and Strength Development
The hydration of calcium aluminate cement is a complicated, temperature-sensitive process that leads to the formation of metastable and stable hydrates with time.
At temperatures listed below 20 Celsius C, CA moisturizes to develop CAH ₁₀ (calcium aluminate decahydrate) and C ₂ AH ₈ (dicalcium aluminate octahydrate), which are metastable stages that offer quick early strength– usually achieving 50 MPa n'ime 1 ụbọchị.
Ka o sina dị, at temperatures above 25– 30 Celsius C, ndị a metastable hydrates na-enwe mgbanwe na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị nchebe, C isii AH isii (hydrogarnet), na amorphous ìhè arọ aluminum hydroxide (AH Ise), usoro a maara dị ka ntụgharị.
Ntughari a na-ebelata oke ike nke ọkwa mmiri mmiri, na-ebuli porosity na ikekwe na-akawanye njọ ma ọ bụrụ na edozighị ya nke ọma n'oge ọgwụgwọ na ngwọta.
Ọnụego na ọkwa nke ntụgharị na-emetụta oke mmiri na ciment, ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ, na ịdị adị nke ihe ndị dị ka silica fume ma ọ bụ microsilica, nke nwere ike ibelata ọnwụ siri ike site n'ịnụcha usoro pore na mgbasa ozi nke abụọ.
N'agbanyeghị egwu nke ntụgharị, Uru ume ngwa ngwa na ikike ịkwatu ngwa ngwa na-eme ka CAC dị mma maka ihe precast na ọrụ ndozi ọnọdụ mberede na ntọala ụlọ ọrụ..
( Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
2. Ebe obibi anụ ahụ na nke igwe n'okpuru nnukwu nsogbu
2.1 Arụmọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu na refractoriness
Otu n'ime ihe kachasị akọwapụta nke calcium aluminate concrete bụ ikike ọ nwere ịkwado megide ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị oke egwu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ kachasị mma maka mkpuchi cell refractory na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ, kilns, na ndị na-agba ọkụ.
Mgbe ọkụ, CAC na-eme nchịkọta nke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na nzaghachi na-agwụ ike: hydrates na-agbaji n'etiti 100 Celsius C na 300 Celsius C, sochiri na nguzobe nke etiti kristal dị ka CA ₂ na melilite (gehlenite) n'elu 1000 Celsius C.
Na ọkwa okpomọkụ karịrị 1300 Celsius C, seramiiki siri ike na-etolite site na ntinye mmiri-n'oge sintering, na-akpata nnukwu mgbake ume na nchekwa olu.
Omume a dị nnọọ iche na kọmpụta dabere na OPC, nke na-agbakarị ma ọ bụ na-agbada n'elu 300 Celsius C n'ihi oke mgbakasị ahụ nke uzuoku na mgbakasị nke usoro C-S-H.
Ihe ndị dị na CAC nwere ike idowe ọkwa okpomọkụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu ruo 1400 Celsius C, dabere na mkpokọta ụdị na ngwọta, ma a na-ejikarị ya na ngwakọta na nchịkọta refractory dị ka calcined bauxite, chamotte, ma ọ bụ mullite iji kwalite nguzogide ujo okpomọkụ.
2.2 Mgbochi nke Mwakpo Kemịkalụ na Corrosion
Calcium aluminate ihe na-egosiputa nguzogide dị ịrịba ama na mbara ikuku kemịkal dị iche iche, kpọmkwem ọnọdụ acidic na sulfate ebe OPC ga-akawanye njọ ngwa ngwa.
Usoro aluminate hydrated ka kwụsiri ike na gburugburu pH dị ala, na-ekwe ka CAC guzogide iku ume acid sitere na akụrụngwa dịka sulfuric, hydrochloric, na organic acids– a na-emekarị n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu, kemịkalụ njikwa ebe, na Ngwuputa arụmọrụ.
Ọ na-adịghịkwa egbochiri iku ume sulfate, ihe dị mkpa na-akpata mbibi OPC na ala na gburugburu mmiri, n'ihi enweghị calcium hydroxide (Ndị Portland) na ettringite-akpụ nkebi.
Na mgbakwunye, CAC na-egosi ntakịrị solubility na mmiri nnu yana iguzogide ntinye ion chloride, na-ebelata ihe egwu nke nkwado nkwado na ntọala mmiri na-emegide.
Ngwongwo obibi ma ọ bụ azụmahịa ndị a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị maka lining na gas digesters, pulp na mpempe akwụkwọ ngalaba nchekwa tankị, na flue gas desulfurization ngwaọrụ ebe ma kemịkalụ na thermal nchegbu na nchegbu dị.
3. Microstructure na Àgwà Resilience
3.1 Framework Pore na Ntupu Na Ọdịdị
Ịdị ogologo oge nke calcium aluminate concrete jikọtara ya na microstructure ya, karịsịa ya pore akụkụ mgbasa na njikọ.
CAC moisturized ọhụrụ na-egosiputa usoro pore kacha mma dị iche na OPC, na gel pores na capillary pores na-enye aka na mbelata permeability na ịkwalite iguzogide ion iro..
Ka o sina dị, ka ntughari na-aga n'ihu, na coarsening nke pore kpuchie n'ihi densification nke C SIX AH isii nwere ike dịkwuo ntapu na Ọdịdị ma ọ bụrụ na ihe na-adịghị n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị mesoo ma ọ bụ chekwaa..
Nkwalite nke ihe aluminosilicate na-anabata, dị ka ijiji ash ma ọ bụ metakaolin, nwere ike ịkwalite nkwụghachi ogologo oge site n'iji wayo na-enye ekele na ịmepụta calcium aluminosilicate hydrate inyeaka. (C-A-S-H) usoro nke na-eme ka microstructure dị ọcha.
Ọgwụgwọ ziri ezi– kpọmkwem ọgwụgwọ mmiri na okpomọkụ a na-achịkwa– dị mkpa igbu oge ntughari ma kwe ka ọganihu nke oke, matriks na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha.
3.2 Thermal Shock na Spalling Resistance
Mgbochi ujo na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ arụmọrụ dị oke mkpa maka ihe eji arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ kpo oku cyclic na ikuku jụrụ oyi..
Calcium aluminom kọmpat, karịsịa mgbe a na-emepụta ya na ihe ndị dị ala na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe dị elu, na-egosiputa nguzogide dị oke egwu na spalling thermal n'ihi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ya dị ala nke mmepe thermal yana ịdị elu thermal conductivity dị iche iche dị iche iche na-eme ka ọ dị nro..
Ịdị adị nke microcracks na porosity jikọrọ ọnụ na-enye ohere maka nchekasị na ntụrụndụ nchekasị n'oge mgbanwe ọkwa okpomọkụ ngwa ngwa., igbochi ọdachi mgbawa.
Nkwado eriri– eji ígwè eme ihe, polypropylene, ma ọ bụ lava fibers– ọzọ mma ike na mgbape eguzogide, karịsịa n'oge mmalite ikpo ọkụ nke lining cellular azụmahịa.
Atụmatụ ndị a na-eme ka ụfọdụ ogologo ndụ dị ogologo na ngwa dị ka ladle cell linings na nchara ígwè, rotary kilns na ihe n'ichepụta, na petrochemical crackers.
4. Ngwa ụlọ ọrụ na Ọganihu Ọdịnihu
4.1 Ụlọ ọrụ aghụghọ na ihe owuwu na-eji
Calcium aluminate concrete dị oké mkpa n'ahịa ebe ihe ọdịnala na-ada ada n'ihi ikpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ kpọmkwem..
N'ahịa ígwè na ebe a na-emepụta ihe, A na-eji ya maka monolithic linings na ladles, na klas, na saturating olulu, ebe ọ na-akwado megide oku nchara na-ekpo ọkụ na ịnya igwe ọkụ.
Na osisi incineration n'efu, Igwe ihe ntughari nke CAC dabere na-echebe mgbidi ebe ọkụ ọkụ etiti site na gas flue gas na uyi ofufe siri ike na okpomọkụ dị elu..
Usoro mmiri mkpofu obodo na-eji CAC maka olulu mmiri, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, na ọkpọkọ ọwa mmiri kpughere biogenic sulfuric acid, ogologo ndụ nke ukwuu dị iche na OPC.
A na-ejikwa ya na usoro nrụzi ngwa ngwa maka okporo ụzọ, àkwà mmiri, na ụzọ ọdụ ụgbọ elu, ebe ọdịdị nhazi ngwa ngwa na-enye ohere ịmepegharị okporo ụzọ weebụ otu ụbọchị.
4.2 Nkwado na usoro dị elu
N'agbanyeghị uru arụmọrụ ya, mmepụta nke calcium aluminate concrete na-arụ ọrụ ike ma nwee akara ukwu carbon dị elu karịa OPC n'ihi oke okpomọkụ clinkering..
Ọmụmụ nyocha na-aga n'ihu na-elekwasị anya n'iweda mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi site na iji ngbanwe nke azụmahịa, dị ka aluminom dross ma ọ bụ slag dị arọ, na ịkwalite arụmọrụ kiln.
Ihe ngwọta ọhụrụ na-agụnye nanomaterials, dị ka nano-alumina ma ọ bụ carbon nanotubes, ebumnobi iji kwalite ike mmalite, belata ngbanwe metụtara ntughari, na ịgbatị mgbochi okpomọkụ ngwọta.
Na mgbakwunye, mmepe nke obere ciment na ultra-low-ciment refractory castables (Ndị ULCC) mma ọkpụrụkpụ, ume, na ogologo ndụ site n'ibelata ọnụọgụ nke matrix reactive mgbe ị na-eme nke ọma n'iji interlock emekọbara.
Dị ka usoro azụmahịa na-achọkarị ngwaahịa na-adịgide adịgide, calcium aluminate concrete na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu dị ka ntọala nke arụmọrụ dị elu, owuwu na-adịgide adịgide n'otu n'ime ntọala kachasị sie ike.
Na nchịkọta, calcium aluminate ihe na-ejikọta ngwa ngwa ume mmepe, elu-okpomọkụ kwụsie ike, na nguzogide kemịkalụ pụtara ìhè, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị mkpa maka nhazi nke dabeere na oke okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ corrosive.
Chemistry hydration pụrụ iche ya na ọganihu microstructural chọrọ njikwa na ụdị nke ọma, Otú ọ dị mgbe etinyere ya nke ọma, ọ na-enye sturdiness na-enweghị atụ na nchekwa na ngwa azụmahịa n'ụwa nile.
5. Onye nkesa
Cabr-Concrete bụ onye na-ebubata n'okpuru TRUNNANO nke Calcium Aluminate Cement nwere ihe karịrị. 12 afọ nke ahụmahụ na nano-ewu ike nchekwa na mmepe nanotechnology. Ọ na-anabata ịkwụ ụgwọ site na kaadị kredit, T/T, West Union na Paypal. TRUNNANO ga-ebuga ndị ahịa ngwaahịa ahụ na mba ofesi site na FedEx, DHL, site n'ikuku, ma ọ bụ site n'oké osimiri. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ aluminate ciment, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ anyị wee ziga ajụjụ. (
Tags: calcium aluminom,calcium aluminom,aluminate ciment
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