1. Mapangidwe a Chemical ndi Mapangidwe a Boron Carbide Powder
1.1 B ₄ C Stoichiometry ndi Atomic Architecture
(Boron Carbide)
Boron carbide (B ₄ C) ufa ndi zinthu zopanda okusayidi za ceramic zomwe zimakhala ndi ma atomu a boron ndi carbon, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya stoichiometric B FOUR C, ngakhale ikuwonetsa kulolerana kosiyanasiyana kuyambira B FOUR C mpaka B ₁₀. ₅ C.
Mapangidwe ake a kristalo amachokera ku rhombohedral system, yodziwika ndi netiweki ya 12-atomu icosahedra– aliyense kuphatikiza 11 ma atomu a boron ndi 1 atomu ya carbon– yogwirizana ndi Straight B– C kapena C– B– C maunyolo owongoka a triatomic motsatira [111] malangizo.
Kukonzekera kosiyana kumeneku kwa icosahedra yomangidwa mogwirizana ndi maunyolo olumikizira kumapereka kukhazikika kwapadera komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta., kupanga boron carbide imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri, kupitilira kokha ndi kiyubiki boron nitride ndi diamondi.
Kukhalapo kwa zovuta za zomangamanga, monga kuchepa kwa kaboni mu unyolo wowongoka kapena m'malo mwa icosahedra, zimakhudza kwambiri makina, digito, ndi nyumba za mayamwidwe a nyutroni, kufuna kulamulira kwachindunji panthawi ya kaphatikizidwe ka ufa.
Zinthu za mulingo wa atomikizi zimawonjezeranso kachulukidwe kakang'ono (~ 2.52 g/cm ZINAYI), zomwe ndizofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito chishango chopepuka pomwe chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi kulemera ndichofunika kwambiri.
1.2 Ukhondo Wagawo ndi Zotsatira Zoipitsa
Ntchito zogwira ntchito kwambiri zimafuna ufa wa boron carbide wokhala ndi chiyero chapamwamba komanso kuipitsidwa pang'ono ndi mpweya., kuipitsidwa kwazitsulo, kapena magawo achiwiri monga boron suboxides (B AWIRI O ₂) kapena kaboni wopanda mtengo.
Zonyansa za okosijeni, nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pogwira ntchito kapena kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira, imatha kukhala B 2 O awiri pamalire a tirigu, zomwe zimasinthasintha pa kutentha kwakukulu ndipo zimapanga porosity panthawi yonse ya sintering, Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kukhulupirika kwa makina.
Zitsulo zachitsulo monga chitsulo kapena silicon zitha kukhala zothandizira zopangira sintering komabe zimatha kupanga ma eutectics otsika kwambiri kapena magawo achiwiri omwe amasokoneza kuuma komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta..
Chifukwa chake, njira zosefera monga acid leaching, kutentha kwapamwamba pansi pa malo opanda mpweya, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zotsogola zodziwikiratu ndizofunikira kuti mupange ufa woyenera zitsulo zamakono.
Kugawidwa kwa kukula pang'ono ndi malo enaake a ufa amakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira pozindikira kuti sinterability ndi microstructure yomaliza., ndi ma submicron powders nthawi zambiri amathandizira kachulukidwe kambiri pamilingo yotsika ya kutentha.
2. Kaphatikizidwe ndi Kusintha kwa Boron Carbide Powder
(Boron Carbide)
2.1 Njira Zopangira Mafakitale ndi Laboratory-Scale
Boron carbide powder amapangidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa carbothermal kuchepa kwa zotsogola zomwe zili ndi boron., zambiri za boric acid (H FIVE BO ₃) kapena boron oxide (B ₂ O Asanu), kugwiritsa ntchito magwero a kaboni monga mafuta a coke kapena makala.
Zimene anachita, kawirikawiri anachita mu magetsi arc Kutentha kachitidwe pa kutentha milingo pakati 1800 °C ndi 2500 °C, akupitiriza ngati: 2B ₂ O ATATU + 7C → B ₄ C + 6CO.
Njira iyi imabweretsa zovuta, ufa wosakhazikika womwe umafunikira mphero komanso magulu kuti akwaniritse makulidwe akulu ofunikira pakuwongolera zida zadothi..
Njira zina monga kuyika kwa nthunzi wamankhwala opangidwa ndi laser (CVD), kaphatikizidwe ka plasma, ndi njira zogwirira ntchito za mechanochemical kukhala zabwino kwambiri, ufa wambiri wambiri wokhala ndi mphamvu zowongolera bwino pa stoichiometry ndi morphology.
Mechanochemical synthesis, Mwachitsanzo, Kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa boron ndi kaboni, kulola kukula kwachipinda kapena kutentha pang'ono kwa B ₄ C kudzera mu mayankho olimba oyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu..
Njira zapamwambazi, pomwe okwera mtengo, akupeza chiwongola dzanja chopanga ma nanostructured powders okhala ndi sinterability komanso magwiridwe antchito.
2.2 Powder Morphology ndi Surface Area Design
Mapangidwe a ufa wa boron carbide– kaya angular, ozungulira, kapena nanostructured– zowongoka zimakhudza kuyenda kwake, kunyamula kachulukidwe, ndikuchitanso nthawi yonse yophatikiza ngongole.
Angular bits, wamba wophwanyidwa ndi makina opangidwa ufa, nthawi zambiri amakonda interlace, kulimbikitsa mphamvu zachilengedwe komanso kuwonetsa mayendedwe otsetsereka.
Zozungulira za ufa, Amapangidwa kawirikawiri kudzera mu kuyanika kutsitsi kapena plasma spheroidization, perekani zida zoyambira zoyambira pakupanga zowonjezera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kukanikiza kotentha.
Kusintha pamwamba, kuphatikiza kumaliza ndi carbon kapena polima dispersants, imatha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa ufa mu slurries ndikusiya mulu, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti tikwaniritse ma microstructures ofanana mu zigawo za sintered.
Komanso, mankhwala omwe asanachitike monga kutsekereza m'malo oziziritsa kapena kuchepetsa malo amathandizira kuthetsa ma oxide amtundu ndi mitundu ya adsorbed, kukulitsa kukhazikika komanso kutseguka komaliza kapena mphamvu zamakina.
3. Makhalidwe Othandiza ndi Magwiridwe Antchito
3.1 Zizolowezi zamakina ndi Kutentha
Boron carbide ufa, zikaphatikizidwa mpaka muzambiri za ceramic, amawonetsa nyumba zabwino zamakina, wokhala ndi kulimba kwa Vickers kwa 30– 35 Grade point average, kuchipanga kukhala chimodzi mwazinthu zolimba zauinjiniya zomwe zimaperekedwa.
Mphamvu yake yopondereza imapitirira 4 GPA, ndipo amasunga chilungamo structural pa kutentha mpaka 1500 ° C m'malo opanda mpweya, ngakhale oxidation imakhala yochulukirapo 500 ° C mumlengalenga chifukwa cha B ₂ O mapangidwe asanu.
Chogulitsacho chachepetsedwa kachulukidwe (~ 2.5 g/cm³) zimakupatsani chiŵerengero chapadera cha mphamvu ndi kulemera, Ubwino wofunikira muzamlengalenga ndi machitidwe achitetezo a ballistic.
Komabe, boron carbide ndi yokhazikika komanso yosatetezeka ku amorphization pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu, chodabwitsa chotchedwa “kutaya mphamvu zometa ubweya,” zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwake makamaka zida zankhondo zomwe zimaphatikizira ma projectile othamanga kwambiri.
Fufuzani mpaka kukula kwa kompositi– monga kuphatikiza B ₄ C ndi silicon carbide (SiC) kapena ulusi wa kaboni– ikufuna kuchepetsa izi powonjezera kulimba kwa mng'alu ndi kutaya mphamvu.
3.2 Neutron Absorption ndi Nuclear Applications
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri za boron carbide ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a neutron., makamaka chifukwa cha ¹⁰ B isotope, zomwe zimadutsa ¹⁰ B(n, a)Zisanu ndi ziwiri za Li nyukiliya kuyankha pa nyutroni.
Nyumbayi imapangitsa ufa wa B ₄ C kukhala chinthu chabwino kwambiri chotchingira manyutroni, ndodo zowongolera, ndi kutseka ma pellets mu zida za nyukiliya, kumene kumatenga bwino ma neutroni ochulukirapo kuti athe kuwongolera mayankho a fission.
Zotsatira za zidutswa za alpha ndi ma lithiamu ion ndi zazifupi, zinthu zopanda mpweya, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwamapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa gasi mkati mwa zida zoyambitsa.
Kulemera kwa isotopu ya ¹⁰ B kumawonjezera kuyamwa kwa neutron, kulola woonda, zinthu zotetezedwa bwino kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, Chitetezo chamankhwala cha boron carbide ndi kukana kwa radiation zimatsimikizira kuti nthawi yayitali imagwira ntchito bwino m'malo owala kwambiri.
4. Mapulogalamu mu Advanced Production and Technology
4.1 Chitetezo cha Ballistic ndi Zida Zosavala Zovala
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ufa wa boron carbide kumakhalabe popanga zida zopepuka za ceramic kwa ogwira ntchito, malori, ndi ndege.
Ikayikidwa mu matailosi a ceramic ndikuphatikizidwa mu zida zankhondo zophatikizika ndi polima kapena zitsulo, B FOUR C imachotsa bwino mphamvu ya kinetic ya ma projectiles othamanga kwambiri kudzera pakuthyoka, pulasitiki contortion wa penetrator, ndi machitidwe mayamwidwe mphamvu.
Makulidwe ake otsika amalola zida zankhondo zopepuka poyerekeza ndi njira zina monga tungsten carbide kapena chitsulo, zofunika pakuyenda ankhondo ndi mphamvu mafuta.
Chitetezo chakale, boron carbide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosagwirizana ndi kuvala monga nozzles, zisindikizo, ndi kuchepetsa zipangizo, kumene kulimba kwake kumapangitsa kuti moyo ukhale wautali m'malo ovuta.
4.2 Additive Manufacturing and Arising Technologies
Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pakupanga zowonjezera (AM), makamaka binder jetting ndi laser ufa bedi kuphatikiza, atsegula njira zatsopano zopangira zinthu zooneka ngati boron carbide.
Kuyera kwambiri, zozungulira B IFOUR C ufa ndi wofunikira panjira izi, kuyitanitsa kuyenda kwapadera ndi makulidwe olongedza kuti mutsimikizire kusanja kofanana ndi kukhazikika kwagawo.
Ngakhale zovuta zimakhalapo– monga high melting point, Thermal stress ndi nkhawa fracturing, ndi porosity wobwereza– Kuphunzira kukupita patsogolo kwambiri, zigawo za ceramic zooneka ngati ukonde zazamlengalenga, nyukiliya, ndi ntchito mphamvu.
Komanso, boron carbide imayang'aniridwa mu zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, slurries zosasangalatsa kuti zidutse bwino, komanso ngati gawo lolimbikitsa muzitsulo zamatrix.
Mukubwereza, boron carbide ufa imayimilira patsogolo pazambiri zadothi zadothi, kuphatikiza kulimba kwambiri, otsika osalimba, ndi mphamvu ya mayamwidwe a nyutroni mu dongosolo limodzi osati lachilengedwe.
Pogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera kolondola kwa kalembedwe, morphology, ndi processing, zimapangitsa kukhala kotheka kwa matekinoloje omwe akugwira ntchito pazofunikira kwambiri, kuchokera ku zida zankhondo kupita ku zida zanyukiliya.
Monga kaphatikizidwe ndi njira zopangira zikuyenera kuchitika, boron carbide powder idzakhalabe chothandizira kwambiri cham'badwo wotsatira wa zinthu zogwira ntchito kwambiri.
5. Wopereka
RBOSCHCO ndi ogulitsa odalirika padziko lonse lapansi & wopanga ndi over 12 zaka zambiri popereka mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri komanso Nanomaterials. Kampaniyo imatumiza kumayiko ambiri, monga USA, Canada, Europe, UAE, South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Egypt, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda, nkhukundembo, Mexico, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Dubai, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia,Germany, France, Italy, Portugal etc. Monga wopanga chitukuko cha nanotechnology, RBOSCHCO imalamulira msika. Gulu lathu la akatswiri ogwira ntchito limapereka mayankho abwino kwambiri othandizira kukonza magwiridwe antchito amakampani osiyanasiyana, pangani mtengo, ndi kuthana mosavuta ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukuyang'ana mtengo wa boron carbide pa kg, chonde tumizani imelo ku: [email protected]
Tags: boron carbide,b4c boron carbide,mtengo wa boron carbide
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