1. Zofunika Zazida ndi Microstructural Layout
1.1 Kupanga ndi Kukhazikika kwa Crystallographic kwa Alumina
(Alumina Ceramic Nozzles)
Alumina (Al ₂ O AWIRI), makamaka mu gawo lake la alpha, ndi ceramic yokhala ndi okosijeni kwathunthu yokhala ndi mtundu wa corundum wamtundu wa hexagonal wotsekeka, kupereka kukhazikika kwamafuta modabwitsa, inertness mankhwala, ndi mphamvu zamakina pa kutentha kwakukulu.
Aluminiyamu wapamwamba kwambiri (kawirikawiri 95– 99.9% Al ₂ O SIX) imayamikiridwa pakugwiritsa ntchito nozzle chifukwa cha zinthu zake zowononga pang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa kufowoka kwa malire a mbewu ndikuwongolera kukana kutenthedwa kwamafuta ndi mankhwala.
The microstructure, kuphatikizapo chabwino, mbewu za equiaxed, imapangidwa panthawi ya sintering kuti ichepetse porosity ndikugwiritsa ntchito makulidwe abwino, kukhudza mwachindunji kukana kukokoloka kwa nozzle ndi kukhulupirika kwamapangidwe pansi pakuyenda kwamadzi othamanga kwambiri.
Zosakaniza monga MgO nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa motsatizana mpaka kulepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu zachilendo panthawi yonse yokolola., kupanga microstructure yofananira yomwe imathandizira kukhulupirika kosatha.
1.2 Katundu Wamakina ndi Kutentha Zogwirizana ndi Kuchita Bwino kwa Nozzle
Zojambula za alumina zimawonetsa kulimba kwa Vickers kupitilira 1800 HV, kuwapangitsa kukhala osagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuvala kwamphamvu kuchokera kumadzi odzaza ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito monga sandblasting ndi zosasangalatsa waterjet kudula.
Ndi mphamvu ya flexural ya 300– 500 MPa ndi compressive kulimba kupitirira 2 GPA, ma nozzles a alumina amateteza chitetezo cham'mbali pansi pazovuta kwambiri, kawirikawiri kuyambira 100 ku 400 MPA m'mafakitale.
Thermally, alumina amasunga nyumba zake zamakina momwemo 1600 °C, ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa mphamvu yowonjezera kutentha (~ 8 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K) zomwe zimapereka kukana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa kutentha– Chofunika kwambiri pakusintha kutentha kwachangu panthawi yoyambira kapena yotseka.
Matenthedwe ake matenthedwe (~ 30 W/m · K) ndizokwanira kutaya kutentha komweko popanda kuchititsa mapiri otentha omwe angayambitse kugawanika, kukhazikika kwa insulation ndi zofuna zowongolera zofunda.
2. Njira Zopangira ndi Kulondola kwa Geometric
2.1 Mapangidwe ndi Njira Zopangira Zopangira Nozzle
Kupanga kwa alumina ceramic nozzles kumayamba ndi chiyero chapamwamba cha alumina ufa, zomwe zimayeretsedwa kukhala thupi lobiriwira lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito njira monga kupondereza kozizira kwa isostatic (CIP), jekeseni akamaumba, kapena extrusion, kutengera geometry yomwe mukufuna komanso kukula kwake.
( Alumina Ceramic Nozzles)
Kukanikiza kozizira kwa isostatic kumagwiritsa ntchito kupsinjika kofanana kuchokera ku malangizo onse, kupanga kufalikira kwa kachulukidwe kofananako kofunikira kuti muchepetse zolakwika panthawi ya sintering.
Kumangira jekeseni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamawonekedwe ovuta a nozzle okhala ndi ma tapers amkati ndi ma orifices akulu, kupangitsa kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuberekana pakupanga kwakukulu.
Pambuyo pakuumba, zobiriwira zobiriwira zimapanga njira ziwiri zochiritsira zotentha: debinding kuthetsa organic binders ndi sintering pa kutentha pakati 1500 °C ndi 1650 ° C kuti mukwaniritse makulidwe apafupi ndi malingaliro kudzera pakufalikira kwa boma.
Kuwongolera kwenikweni kwa malo otenthetsera ndi mitengo yotenthetsera / kuziziritsa ndikofunikira kuti muteteze ku kupinda, kusweka, kapena kukokoloka kwa tirigu komwe kungawononge ntchito ya nozzle.
2.2 Machining, Kuphuka, ndi Quality Control
Post-sintering, ma nozzles a alumina nthawi zambiri amafunikira makina olondola kuti athe kukana zolimba, makamaka m'dera la orifice komwe mawonekedwe oyenda amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutha kwa malo ndi geometry.
Kupera ndi kuchapa diamondi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa mkati ndi kunja kwa pamwamba, kukwaniritsa makulidwe apamwamba omwe alembedwa pansipa 0.1 µm, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikupewa kudzikundikira pang'ono.
The orifice, zambiri zimasiyana 0.3 ku 3.0 mm kukula, ayenera kukhala opanda yaying'ono ming'alu ndi chamfers kuonetsetsa kufalitsidwa laminar ndi wokhazikika kutsitsi.
Njira zoyesera zosawononga monga ma microscope, Kuwunika kwa X-ray, ndi mayeso othamanga panjinga amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwa zomangamanga ndi kufanana kwa magwiridwe antchito asanatumizidwe..
Ma geometri opangidwa mwamakonda, kukhala ndi convergent-divergent (kuchokera ku Laval) mbiri ya kufalikira kwa supersonic kapena mitundu yamabowo yambiri pamachitidwe opopera otsatira, amapangidwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano komanso kapangidwe kothandizira makompyuta (CAD)-kupanga koyendetsedwa.
3. Ubwino Wothandiza Pazida Zina za Nozzle
3.1 Kupatukana Kwapamwamba Kwambiri ndi Kukaniza kwa Corrosion
Zosiyana ndi zitsulo (mwachitsanzo, tungsten carbide, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) kapena ma polima, aluminiyamu amawonetsa kukana kwakukulu kwa kuvala kwa abrasive, makamaka m'madera kuphatikizapo mchenga wa silika, garnet, kapena ma abrasives ena olimba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndi kudula pamwamba.
Mitsuko yachitsulo imawonongeka mofulumira chifukwa cha micro-fracturing ndi kupunduka kwa pulasitiki, kufuna choloweza mmalo mosalekeza, pomwe ma nozzles a alumina amatha kukhala 3– 5 nthawi zambiri, kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yotsika komanso mitengo yogwira ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, aluminiyamu imalowa mkati mwa ma acid ambiri, antacid, ndi zosungunulira, kupanga kukhala koyenera kupaka mankhwala, etching, ndi njira zoyeretsera zomwe zitsulo zimatha kuchita dzimbiri kapena kupatsira madziwo.
Chitetezo chamankhwala ichi ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga semiconductor, processing mankhwala, ndi ntchito zamtundu wa chakudya zomwe zimafuna kuyera kwambiri.
3.2 Thermal ndi Magetsi Insulation Properties
Alumina ndi mkulu mphamvu resistivity (> 10 ¹⁴ Ω · masentimita) zimapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu electrostatic kutsitsi kuphimba kachitidwe, kumene kumapewa kutayikira mtengo ndikutsimikizira yunifolomu utoto atomization.
Kuthekera kwake kwa kutchinjiriza kumalola njira zotetezeka m'malo otentha kwambiri opopera mbewu mankhwalawa, monga kuwotcha moto kapena kuyeretsa kutentha, popanda kutentha kutengera zinthu zam'malire.
Mosiyana ndi zitsulo, aluminiyamu sichimayambitsa mayendedwe osayenera m'mitsinje yamadzimadzi, kusunga kukhulupirika kwa mayankho osakhwima.
4. Ntchito Zamakampani ndi Zaukadaulo
4.1 Ntchito mu Abrasive Jet Machining ndi Surface Treatment
Ma aluminiyamu a ceramic nozzles ndi ofunikira pamakina ophulika owopsa kuti achotse dzimbiri, kuchotsa utoto, ndi pamwamba pa texturing mu auto, zamlengalenga, ndi magawo omanga.
Kuthekera kwawo kusunga m'mimba mwake mokhazikika pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kambiri kumawonetsetsa kuti pamakhala zovuta komanso mawonekedwe ake, mwachindunji kukopa pamwamba m'dera mapeto apamwamba ndi ndondomeko repeatability.
Mu abrasive waterjet kudula, machubu okhazikika a alumina amatsogolera kusakanikirana kowononga madzi kothamanga kwambiri, kulimbana ndi mphamvu zowononga zomwe zingawononge msanga zinthu zofewa.
4.2 Gwiritsani Ntchito mu Additive Manufacturing, Kupaka kwa Spray, ndi Fluid Control
Mu matenthedwe kutsitsi kachitidwe, monga plasma ndi moto wamoto, zitsulo za alumina zimawongolera kutuluka kwa mpweya wotentha kwambiri ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono tosungunuka pagawo, kupindula ndi kukana kwawo kwa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi chitetezo cha dimensional.
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mabotolo opopera olondola amankhwala aulimi, makina a inkjet, ndi gasi atomization, kumene kukana kuvala kumatsimikizira kulondola kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mu kusindikiza kwa 3D, makamaka binder jetting ndi mankhwala extrusion, zitsulo za aluminiyamu zimapereka ufa wabwino kwambiri kapena phala la viscous lotchinga pang'ono kapena kuvala.
Mapulogalamu omwe akubwera amakhala ndi ma microfluidic systems ndi lab-on-a-chip zipangizo, pomwe magawo a aluminiyamu ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsa ntchito kulimba komanso kuyanjana kwachilengedwe.
Mukubwereza, ma alumina ceramic nozzles amayimira njira yofunikira ya sayansi yazinthu ndi uinjiniya wamafakitale.
Kusakaniza kwawo kwapadera kwa kulimba, chitetezo chamafuta, ndi kukana kwa mankhwala kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito yodalirika m'malo ochepa omwe amafunikira kwambiri.
Pamene ndondomeko zamalonda zimakankhira kupsinjika kwakukulu, kukana bwino, ndi nthawi yayitali yothetsa vutoli, zoumba za aluminiyamu zikupitiriza kukhazikitsa muyeso kuti ukhale wolimba, zigawo zowongolera zoyenda bwino kwambiri.
5. Wogulitsa
Malingaliro a kampani Alumina Technology Co., Ltd., Ltd imayang'ana kwambiri pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kupanga ndi kugulitsa ufa wa aluminium oxide, zinthu za aluminium oxide, aluminium oxide crucible, ndi zina., kutumikira zamagetsi, za ceramic, mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena. Kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwake mu 2005, kampaniyo yadzipereka kupereka makasitomala zinthu zabwino kwambiri ndi ntchito. Ngati mukuyang'ana zapamwamba aluminiyamu al2o3, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe. ([email protected])
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