1. Nā Kuleana Pono a me ka Papahana Microstructural
1.1 Make-up a me Crystallographic Stability of Alumina
(Nā Nozzles Keramik alumina)
alumina (Al ₂ O ELUA), ʻoi aku ma kāna pae alpha, he keramika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka corundum-type hexagonal i hoʻopili ʻia, hāʻawi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa wela kupaianaha, kemika inertness, a me ka ikaika o ka mechanical ma na wela kiekie.
ʻO ka alumina maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (maʻamau 95– 99.9% Al ₂ O EONO) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā noi nozzle ma muli o kāna ʻano mea haumia marginal, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻemi ai i ka nāwaliwali o ka palena o ka palaoa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka wela a me ke kino.
ʻO ka microstructure, me ka maikai, huaʻai equiaxed, hana ʻia i ka wā sintering e hōʻemi i ka porosity a hoʻohana pono i ka mānoanoa, pili pono i ka pale ʻana o ka nozzle a me ka paʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana ma lalo o ke kahe wai kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻohui e like me MgO i ka huina a hiki i ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa maʻamau i ka wā o ka sintering., ka hana ʻana i kahi microstructure like ʻole e kākoʻo ana i ka kūpaʻa mau.
1.2 Mechanical a me Thermal waiwai pili i ka nozzle pono
Hōʻike nā seramika alumina i kahi paʻa Vickers e hele ana ma mua 1800 HV, ʻo ia ke kūpaʻa loa iā lākou i ka ʻaʻahu ʻino mai nā wai i hoʻopiha ʻia, ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi i nā noi e like me ka sandblasting a me ka ʻoki waterjet maikaʻi ʻole.
Me ka flexural stamina o 300– 500 ʻO MPa a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī 2 GPa, Mālama nā nozzles alumina i ka palekana dimensional ma lalo o ke kaʻina hana kiʻekiʻe, maʻa mau mai 100 i 400 MPa ma nā ʻōnaehana ʻoihana.
ʻO ka wela wela, alumina i kona mau hale mechanical e like me 1600 ° C, me ka hoemi hoonui hoonui wela (~ 8 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K) e hāʻawi ana i ke kūʻē kūʻokoʻa i ka haʻalulu wela– pono i ka wā e hoʻololi ʻia ai nā ʻano wela i ka wā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana a i ʻole ka pani ʻana.
ʻO kona conductivity wela (~ 30 W/m · K) lawa ia e hoʻopau i ka wela kūloko me ka hana ʻole ʻana i nā pali wela e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nahele, hoʻopaʻa i ka insulation a me nā koi hoʻomalu mahana.
2. Nā Kaʻina Hana Hana a me Geometric Accuracy
2.1 Nā ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka Sintering no ka hana ʻana i ka Nozzle
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i nā nozzles seramika alumina me ka pauka alumina maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i loko o ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano e like me ke kaomi isostatic cool (CIP), hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, aiʻole extrusion, ma muli o ka geometry i makemake ʻia a me ke ana hoʻonohonoho.
( Nā Nozzles Keramik alumina)
Hoʻohana ke kaomi isostatic anuanu i ke koʻikoʻi like ʻole mai nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi a pau, ka hana ʻana i kahi kaʻa like like ʻole i mea nui no ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hemahema i ka wā o ka sintering.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe injection no nā ʻano nozzle paʻakikī me nā lipi o loko a me nā puka nui, e hiki ai i ka pono kiʻekiʻe a me ka reproducibility i ka hana nui.
Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ʻO nā compacts ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hana i ʻelua mau pae wela: hoʻopaʻa paʻa e hoʻopau i nā mea hoʻopili organik a me ka sintering i nā mahana ma waena 1500 ° C a 1650 ° C no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mānoanoa kokoke-theoretical ma o ka diffusion solid-state.
He mea nui ka mana pololei o ke kaiapuni sintering a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻomehana/hoʻoluʻu e pale aku i ka piko, hakihaki, a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka palaoa i hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ka hana nozzle.
2.2 Mīkini, Sprucing Up, a me ka Mana Pono
Mahope-sintering, Pono pinepine nā nozzles alumina i ka mīkini pololei no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pale paʻa, ʻoi loa ma ka ʻāpana orifice kahi i maʻalahi loa nā hiʻohiʻona kahe i ka hoʻopau ʻili a me ka geometry.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka wili daimana a me ka holoi ʻana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā wahi o loko a me waho, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai ʻino o ka ʻili i helu ʻia ma lalo nei 0.1 µm, e hōʻemi ana i ka pale ʻana i ke kaʻa a pale i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
ʻO ka puka, ʻokoʻa maʻamau mai 0.3 i 3.0 mm ka nui, pono ʻole nā micro-cracks a me nā chamfers e hōʻoia i ka holo ʻana o ka laminar a me nā kumu hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau.
ʻO nā ʻano hoʻāʻo hōʻino ʻole e like me ka microscopy optical, Ka loiloi X-ray, a hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kaʻa kaʻa no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka paʻa ʻana o ke kūkulu hale a me ka like ʻana o ka hana ma mua o ke kau ʻana.
Nā geometries i hana ʻia, ʻo ia ka convergent-divergent (mai Laval) nā kiʻi no ka hoʻokele supersonic a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻano puka he nui no nā kumu hoʻoheheʻe hahai, hana nui ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana hou a me ka hoʻolālā kōkua kamepiula (CAD)-hana hoʻoulu ʻia.
3. Nā Pōmaikaʻi Maikaʻi Ma luna o nā Mea Nozzle ʻē aʻe
3.1 ʻOi aku ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka metala (e.g., tungsten carbide, kila kohu ʻole) a i ʻole nā polimer nozzles, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka alumina i ka ʻaʻahu abrasive, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā kaiapuni me ke one silica, garnet, a i ʻole nā ʻano mea abrasive ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana.
Hoʻopau koke nā nozzles metala ma muli o ka micro-fracture a me ka deformation plastic, pono e pani mau, ʻoiai hiki i nā nozzles alumina ke mau i 3– 5 ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā manawa, hōʻemi loa i ka manawa haʻahaʻa a me nā kumukūʻai hana.
Kahi mea hou aʻe, ʻAʻole inert ka alumina i ka nui o nā waikawa, antacid, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, kūpono ia no ka paʻipaʻi kemika, kalai ana, a me nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahi e ʻōpala ai ʻole e hoʻopōʻino i ka wai.
He mea koʻikoʻi kēia palekana kemika i ka hana semiconductor, hana lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā noi meaʻai e pono ai ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe.
3.2 ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wela a me ka uila
ʻO ka pale uila kiʻekiʻe o ka alumina (> 10 ¹⁴ Ω · kenimika) kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana uhi electrostatic, kahi e pale aku ai i ka leakage kumu kūʻai a hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka atomization pena like.
ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka wela e ʻae i ke kaʻina hana palekana i nā lewa hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe, e like me ke puhi ahi a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wela, me ka hoʻoili ʻole ʻana o ka wela i nā mea palena.
ʻAʻole like me nā kila, ʻAʻole hiki i ka alumina ke hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaulahao makemake ʻole i nā kahawai wai pane, ka mālama ʻana i ka pono o nā haʻina maʻalahi.
4. Nā Hana Hana Hana a me ka hopena ʻenehana
4.1 Nā hana i loko o ka mīkini ʻenekini abrasive a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili
Pono nā nozzles alumina ceramic i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻino no ka wehe ʻana i ka corrosion, ka wehe ʻana i ka pena, a me ka 'ilikai texturing ma ka auto, aerospace, a me na oihana hale.
ʻO kā lākou hiki ke mālama i ke anawaena orifice maʻamau ma luna o ka hoʻohana lōʻihi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka nui o ka paʻakikī a me ke kihi hopena, hoʻopili pololei ʻana i ka ʻilikai hoʻopau i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaʻina hana hou.
I ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wai abrasive, alumina concentrating paipu alakai i ka kiʻekiʻe-press wai-abrasive hui, e paʻa ana i nā mana abrasive e hōʻino koke i nā huahana palupalu.
4.2 Hoʻohana i ka Additive Manufacturing, Pāpaʻi ʻana, a me ka hooponopono wai
I nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe wela, e like me ka plasma a me ka lapalapa ahi, alumina nozzles e kuhikuhi pono i ke kinoea wela wela a me na mea hoohehee maluna o na pani, ka loaʻa ʻana mai o kā lākou kūpaʻa haʻalulu wela a me ka palekana dimensional.
Hoʻohana pū ʻia lākou i nā nozzles spray pololei no nā kemika mahiʻai, ʻōnaehana inkjet, a me ke kinoea atomization, kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu i ka pololei noi lōʻihi.
I ka paʻi 3D, ʻoi loa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā huahana, Hāʻawi nā nozzles alumina i nā pauka nui a i ʻole nā paʻi ʻoniʻoni me ka pale liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka lole.
ʻO nā noi e puka mai nei he ʻōnaehana microfluidic a me nā mea hana lab-on-a-chip, kahi e hoʻohana ai nā ʻāpana alumina miniaturized i ka paʻa a me ka biocompatibility.
I ka recap, ʻO nā nozzles alumina ceramic e kū nei no ke ala nui o ka ʻepekema waiwai a me ka ʻenehana ʻenehana.
ʻO kā lākou hui pū ʻana o ka paʻa, palekana wela, a me ke kū'ē kemika e hiki ai ke hana hilinaʻi ma kekahi o nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻokele wai koʻikoʻi loa.
Ke hoʻoikaika nei nā kaʻina hana pāʻoihana i ke koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kūʻē, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā manawa hoʻonā, Ke hoʻomau nei nā alumina ceramics i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kumu no ka paʻa, kiʻekiʻe-pololei kahe kahe mana.
5. Mea kūʻai
Alumina Technology Co., Ltd e nānā i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana i ka pauka alumini oxide, nā huahana alumini oxide, alumini oxide crucible, etc., lawelawe i ka uila, seramika, kemika a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Mai kona hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana ma 2005, ua kūpaʻa ka hui i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe maikaʻi loa. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe alumina al2o3, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou. ([email protected])
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