1. Iimpawu zeMathiriyeli kunye noYilo loLwakhiwo
1.1 Ukuqulunqwa kunye neziGaba zeCrystalline zeAlumina
( Iityhubhu zeAlumina zeCeramic)
Alumina (Al Zimbini O ZIMBINI) iityhubhu ze-ceramic zenziwe ngokuyintloko kwi-high-purity oxide oxide, ngamaqondo okucoceka aqhele ukuhluka 90% ukuya 99.8%, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo esifunekayo.
Esona sigaba sibalaseleyo sekristale singqindilili ngokupheleleyo, iityhubhu ezinobushushu obuphezulu yi-α-alumina (idayimani), ebonisa isakhelo sekristale esingunxantathu kunye nokuzinza okubalaseleyo kwe-thermodynamic.
Olu tshintsho lwenqanaba ukusuka kwi-hydroxides yangaphambili (umz., boehmite okanye gibbsite) ku-α-alumina yenzeka ngaphezulu 1100 ° C kwaye ibangela ukutyeba, i-microstructure edibeneyo enika amandla aphezulu omatshini kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali.
Iimpawu zokusulungeka okukhulu (≥ 99.5%) sebenzisa kakhulu ukuqina, nxiba ukumelana, kunye nokusebenza kwe-dielectric, ngelixa izisombululo zococeko olusezantsi zinokubandakanya izigaba ezongezelelweyo ezifana nezigaba zomda we-mullite okanye ezikhazimlisiweyo zokunciphisa ixabiso okanye ukukhula okushushu okushushu..
Isakhono sokulawula imilinganiselo yeenkozo, i-porosity, kunye nokwakhiwa kweqonga ngexesha lokuphatha livumela iinjineli ukuba zenze uphuculo lweityhubhu ze-alumina kwiimfuno ezithile eziluncedo kuzo zonke iindawo zorhwebo ezahlukeneyo.
1.2 Oomatshini, Thermal, kunye noMgangatho woMbane
Iityhubhu ze-alumina ze-ceramic zibonisa indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yeepropathi ezibonakalayo ezizenza zibe ziindawo zobunjineli ezithandwayo.
NgeVickers ukuqina okugqithileyo 1500 HV, zikhuseleke kakhulu kwi-abrasions kunye nokhukuliseko, ukodlula uninzi lwesinyithi kunye neepolima kwiinkqubo ezinxitywayo.
Amandla abo oxinzelelo anokufikelela 2000 MPa, ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kolwakhiwo phantsi kweetoni zoomatshini eziphezulu, ngelixa ukuqina kwe-flexural ngokuqhelekileyo kuhluka ukusuka 300 ukuya 500 MPa, ukuxhomekeka kubuninzi kunye nokwaleka kwendawo.
Thermally, ialumina igcina ukhuseleko malunga 1700 ° C kwi-ambiences ene-oxidizing, kunye ne-coefficient ephantsi yokukhula kwe-thermal (~ 8 ppm/K), ukongeza ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal xa uyilwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Nangona conductivity yayo thermal (~ 30 W/(m · K)) ithobekile xa ithelekiswa neentsimbi okanye i-aluminiyam nitride, yanele kwizicelo ezininzi zobushushu obuphezulu apho ukugqunyelelwa kombane kunye nozinzo lwezakhiwo zibekwe phambili..
Ngombane, I-alumina sisigqubuthelo esibalaseleyo esinobungakanani bokuxhathisa > 10 ¹⁴ Ω · cm kunye nokuqina kwedielectric ephezulu (> 15 kV/mm), iyenza ibe yeyona nto ilungileyo kunikezelo lombane, izindlu zoluvo, kunye ne-high-voltage insulation.
( Iityhubhu zeAlumina zeCeramic)
2. Iinkqubo zokuVelisa kunye noLawulo loMda
2.1 Iindlela zokuSebenza kunye nokudala
Ukwenziwa kweetyhubhu ze-alumina ceramic kubandakanya iindlela zokudala eziphucukileyo ezilungiselelwe ukufezekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo., ukuhambelana koxinano kodonga lomphezulu, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wendawo.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-extrusion, isostatic push, kwaye ukutyibilika kusasazeka, nganye ihambelane noluhlu lwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno ezisebenzayo.
I-Extrusion isetyenziswa kakhulu ixesha elide, iityhubhu ezithe tye ezinamacandelwana aqhelekileyo, apho intlama ye-alumina eyenziwe ngeplastiki ifuneka ngokufa kwaye isikwe ngobude phambi kokuba yomiswe kwaye itshiswe.
Kwimibhobho echanekileyo ephezulu okanye encinci, ukutyhala okubandayo kwe-isostatic (CIP) isebenzisa uxinzelelo oluhambelanayo kuyo yonke imiyalelo kwimizimba emincinci eluhlaza, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuphucula ukuxinana kwe-homogeneity.
Isilayidi isakha, kubandakanywa nokubekwa kwe-colloidal alumina yokunqunyanyiswa (tyibilika) kudongwe lokungunda kunye nokungunda, igqwesile kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo okanye ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obuguquguqukayo.
Emva kokudala, Iityhubhu zoma ngokuqaphela ukuze ziyeke ukophuka, kulandele ukudinwa kwe-binder kunye nobushushu obuphezulu be-sintering (1500– 1650 °C )ukufezekisa ukuxinana okupheleleyo kunye nozinzo lwe-dimensional.
2.2 Ukugqitywa kunye noLawulo loMgangatho
Imisebenzi ye-post-sintering efana nokusila okungenaziko, ukuqhwalela, kunye nokukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ukunyamezela okuqinileyo, umphezulu ogudileyo ugqiba, kunye needayamitha ezichanekileyo zangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Uchaso luqine njenge ± 0.01 mm ziyenzeka kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo kwi-semiconductor processing okanye kwi-logical instrumentation.
Uburhabaxa bendawo yomphezulu bunokuncitshiswa ukuya kuRa < 0.1 µm, decreasing bit trapping and improving compatibility with ultra-high vacuum (UHV) or cleanroom atmospheres.
Iindlela zokuvavanya ezingonakalisi– kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, I-X-reyi ye-radiography, kunye nedayi yokuhlolwa kokungena– qinisekisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kunye nokungabikho kwamaqhekeza okanye izithuba.
Imetroloji yodidi kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokukala ezilungelelanisiweyo (CMM) okanye ukuskena ngelaser kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa koyilo loyilo, ngokukodwa ukuqhubela phambili kokwenziwa komntu okanye umthamo ophezulu.
3. UkuSebenza ngokuSebenzayo kwiiNdawo eziQhelekileyo
3.1 Ukuchasana nokunciphisa i-Thermal kunye neMichiza
Olunye lolona ncedo lunyanzelisayo lwetyhubhu ze-alumina ceramic kukukwazi ukumelana neengxaki ezishushu kunye neekhemikhali apho isinyithi kunye neepolymers ziyeka ukusebenza..
Zihlala zizinzile ngokomda kwaye zomelele ngoomatshini kwinkonzo eqhubekayo kumaqondo obushushu angentla 1500 °C, ukwenza ukuba zibe zilungele iilayini zomlilo, iishethi zokukhusela thermocouple, kunye neetyhubhu ezivuthayo.
Ukungazinzi kwabo ukunyibilikisa iintsimbi (umz., ukukhanya kwe-aluminiyam, izinki, kunye nealloys non-ferrous), iityuwa ezinamanzi, kunye neeasidi ezininzi (ngaphandle kwe-hydrofluoric kunye ne-asidi ye-phosphoric eshushu) ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuphatha i-metallurgical kunye neekhemikhali.
Kwi-oxidizing kunye nokunciphisa i-atmospheres, Ialumina ayithobi isidima okanye ibangele ukusabela okungafunwayo, ukugcina inkqubo yokusulungeka kwi-semiconductor kunye nokuveliswa kweglasi.
Le inertness yeekhemikhali ikwathintela ungcoliseko kwiinkqubo zokuphatha ulwelo olusulungekileyo, kubandakanywa nezo zisetyenziswa kumashishini amayeza kunye nokulungiswa kokutya.
3.2 I-Insulation yoMbane kunye ne-Plasma Resistance
Kwiisethingi zombane kunye neplasma, iityhubhu ze-alumina zisebenza njengezithintelo ezikhuselayo ezigcina ingqibelelo yesekethe phantsi kombane ophezulu kunye nobushushu obuphakamileyo.
Zisetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa okuphezulu (ZIFIHLILE) izibane, apho zibandakanya iigesi ze-ionized kumanqanaba obushushu adlulayo 1000 ° C ngelixa uxhathisa amandla ombane weekilovolthi ezininzi.
Kwi-plasma etching kunye ne-deposition systems, iibhubhu ze-alumina zisebenza njengeefestile ze-dielectric okanye izinto zokujikeleza kwegesi, ukuma kwi-ion barrage kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisikile eshushu ngaphandle kokwaphuka okanye ukukhupha umoya.
Ilahleko yabo encitshisiweyo ye-dielectric kunye nokumelana okuphezulu kwe-arc kunqanda ukulandelwa kombane kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, ukwenza ubomi benkonzo obude kwisixhobo sokutshintsha kunye namalungu okuhambisa amandla.
Ezi zakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwenkqubo kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo kwimveliso ephucukileyo kunye neenkqubo zamandla.
4. UShishino kunye nezicelo ezivelayo
4.1 Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neZixhobo zokuLungisa uRhwebo
Iityhubhu ze-alumina ze-ceramic ziyimfuneko kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zorhwebo ezifuna ukomelela phantsi kweengxaki ezinzima.
Kwinkqubo ye-thermal, zisebenza njengezingxobo zokhuseleko kwii-thermocouples kunye nezitshisi kwii-kilns, izifudumezi, kunye nezixhobo zonyango lokufudumala, Ukukhusela izinto ezibuthathaka kwiindawo ezirhabaxa kunye nokunxitywa koomatshini.
Ekuphatheni ulwelo, bahambisa iikhemikhali ezinobundlobongela, udaka, kunye neegesi ezinobushushu obuphezulu kwiindawo zokucocwa kwepetrochemical, izityalo zokukhupha ityuwa, kunye neenkqubo zokutshisa inkunkuma.
Ukuchasana kwabo nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kwenza ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokupholisa imijikelo ngaphandle kokusilela, inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zorhwebo ezijikelezayo.
Kwimveliso yeglasi, iityhubhu ze-alumina zincedisa ukujikeleza kweglasi ecocekileyo kunye nenkxaso yokuphuhlisa izixhobo, ukuma ukhukuliseko ukusuka kwi-viscous, ubushushu obuphezulu bunyibilika.
4.2 Ubuchwephesha obukwinqanaba eliphambili kunye nokuFaniswa kwekamva
Ngaphaya kosetyenziso olusemgangathweni lwezorhwebo, Iityhubhu ze-alumina zifumana imisebenzi emitsha kubuchwephesha bale mihla.
Kwimveliso ye-semiconductor, Iityhubhu ze-alumina ezisulungekileyo zisetyenziswa ekubekeni umphunga wekhemikhali (CVD) ii-activators kunye ne-ion implantation systems, apho ukuveliswa kwamasuntswana kunye nokungcoliseka kwesinyithi kufuneka kuncitshiswe.
Kwizixhobo zeklinikhi, Iityhubhu ze-alumina ezihambelana ne-biocompatible zisebenza njengezixhobo ezikhuselayo kwizixhobo zonyango, ukufakelwa kwamazinyo, kunye neeyunithi zovavanyo lokuxilonga.
Uphononongo luphonononga iityhubhu ze-alumina ezisebenzayo ezinezivamvo ezifakwe ngaphakathi okanye imikhondo eqhubayo yokubeka iliso kulwakhiwo olukrelekrele kwi-aerospace kunye neenkqubo zamandla..
Imveliso eyongezelelweyo (3D yoshicilelo) I-alumina ivela njengobuchule bokwenza iijiyometri zetyhubhu ezintsonkothileyo ezinetshaneli zangaphakathi okanye iingoma ezihleliweyo, ukuvumela abatshintshisi bokufudumala besizukulwana esilandelayo kunye ne-microreactors.
Njengoko amacandelo exinzelela ekusebenzeni okukhulu, iinkqubo zokucoca, kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, iityhubhu ze-alumina ceramic ziyaqhubeka nokuvela njengezinto ezivumelayo kuncedo lwetekhnoloji yanamhlanje.
Kushwankathelo, iityhubhu ze-alumina zeceramic zibonisa udidi oluqolileyo kodwa oluqhubela phambili ngamandla lwemathiriyeli yobunjineli, ukudibanisa i-thermal ebalaseleyo, oomatshini, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kombane kwindawo yodwa ye-inorganic avenue.
Ukulungeleka kwabo kuzo zonke iisetingi ezibukhali kuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwabo okuqhubekayo kuzo zombini iinkqubo zorhwebo ezisekiweyo kunye nezicelo ezivelayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu..
5. Umthengisi
Advanced Ceramics yasekwa ngo-Oktobha 17, 2012, lishishini lobugcisa obuphezulu elizinikele kuphando nophuhliso, imveliso, ukuqhubekeka, ukuthengisa kunye neenkonzo zobugcisa bezixhobo ze-ceramic ezinxulumene neemveliso. Iimveliso zethu ziquka kodwa aziphelelanga kwiiMveliso zeCeramic zeBoron Carbide, IiMveliso zeCeramic zeBoron Nitride, Iimveliso zeCeramic zeSilicon Carbide, Iimveliso zeCeramic zeSilicon Nitride, IZirconium Dioxide yeeMveliso zeCeramic, njl. Ukuba unomdla, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi.
Iithegi: Iityhubhu zeAlumina zeCeramic, iityhubhu alumina ubukhulu, ityhubhu yealumina
Onke amanqaku kunye nemifanekiso avela kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiba ye-copyright, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ngexesha lokucima.
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