1. Cov qauv thiab Hydration Chemistry ntawm Calcium Aluminate Cement
1.1 Cov theem tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv raw
(Calcium Aluminate Qhob)
Calcium aluminate pob zeb (CAC) yog ib lub tsev tsim khoom raws li calcium aluminate cement (CAC), uas txawv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov Rose nroog cement (OPC) nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Lub ntsiab khi theem hauv CAC yog monocalcium aluminate (CaO · Al ₂ O Four or CA), feem ntau yog 40– 60% ntawm clinker, nrog rau ntau yam lwm theem xws li dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate (C ₁₂ A ₇), calcium dialuminate (CA ₂), thiab me me ntawm tetracalcium trialuminate sulfate (C FOUR AS).
Cov theem no yog tsim los ntawm merging high-purity bauxite (aluminium-nplua nuj ore) thiab limestone nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc los yog rotary kilns ntawm kub theem ntawm 1300 ° C thiab 1600 ° C, coj mus rau ib tug clinker uas yog tom qab hauv av txoj cai mus rau hauv ib tug nplua hmoov.
Kev siv cov bauxite guarantees siab aluminium oxide (Al ob OB) cov ntsiab lus– feem ntau nruab nrab ntawm 35% thiab 80%– uas yog tsim nyog rau cov khoom refractory thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv tsev.
Tsis zoo li OPC, uas tso siab rau calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) rau lub zog loj hlob, CAC tau txais nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam nrog cov dej ntawm calcium aluminate theem, txhim kho cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm hydrates nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev ua phem ib puag ncig.
1.2 Hydration Mechanism thiab Toughness Advancement
Lub hydration ntawm calcium aluminate pob zeb yog ib qho chaw, cov txheej txheem kub-rhiab heev uas ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm metastable thiab khov kho hydrates hauv lub sijhawm.
Ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tau teev tseg hauv qab no 20 ° C, CA moisturizes los tsim CAH ₁₀ (calcium aluminate decahydrate) thiab C TWO AH ₈ (Dicalcium aluminate octahydrate), uas yog metastable theem uas muab ceev heev thaum ntxov toughness– feem ntau tau 50 MPa hauv 1 hnub.
Txawm li cas los, ntawm kub tshaj 25– 30 ° C, cov metastable hydrates tau hloov pauv mus rau theem thermodynamically ruaj ntseg, C ₃ AH ₆ (hydrogarnet), thiab amorphous lub teeb yuag aluminium hydroxide (AH SIX), txheej txheem hu ua conversion.
Qhov kev hloov pauv no txo qis cov khoom muaj nuj nqis ntawm moisturized theem, raising porosity thiab muaj peev xwm ua puas lub pob zeb txwv tsis pub tsim nyog saib xyuas thoob plaws hauv kev kho thiab kev pabcuam.
Tus nqi thiab qhov kev hloov pauv yog cuam tshuam los ntawm dej-rau-cement feem, kho kub, thiab qhov pom ntawm cov khoom ntxiv xws li silica fume lossis microsilica, uas tuaj yeem txo lub zog poob los ntawm kev ua kom lub cev pore thiab txhawb cov lus teb thib ob.
Txawm tias muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev hloov dua siab tshiab, Qhov kev ua kom muaj zog sai sai thiab muaj peev xwm demolding thaum ntxov ua rau CAC haum rau cov khoom siv precast thiab kho qhov xwm txheej kub ntxhov hauv kev teeb tsa kev lag luam..
( Calcium Aluminate Qhob)
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej heev
2.1 High-temperature Performance thiab Refractoriness
Ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm calcium aluminate pob zeb yog nws lub peev xwm los sawv ntsug rau huab cua kub, ua rau nws pom zoo xaiv rau refractory cellular linings nyob rau hauv lub lag luam heaters, qhov cub, thiab incinerators.
Thaum cua sov, CAC tau txais ib qho kev sib sau ntawm lub cev qhuav dej thiab cov lus teb sintering: hydrates decompose nruab nrab 100 ° C thiab 300 ° C, ua raws li kev tsim cov theem nrab crystalline xws li CA ₂ thiab melilite (gehlenite) dhau 1000 ° C.
Nyob rau theem kub tshaj 1300 ° C, ib tug ntom ceramic moj khaum hom los ntawm cov kua-theem sintering, ua rau tseem ceeb toughness recuperation thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ruaj ntseg.
Cov cwj pwm no sib txawv heev nrog OPC-raws li pob zeb, uas feem ntau spalls los yog tawg lawm 300 ° C los ntawm vapor stress buildup thiab decomposition ntawm C-S-H theem.
CAC-raws li cov pob zeb muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov kev daws teeb meem txuas ntxiv mus txog kwv yees li 1400 ° C, vam khom hom thiab kev daws teeb meem, thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua ke nrog cov khoom siv refractory xws li calcined bauxite, chamotte, los yog mullite los txhim kho thermal shock kuj.
2.2 Resistance to Chemical Strike thiab Rust
Calcium aluminate pob zeb ua pov thawj zoo heev tiv thaiv rau ntau yam kev teeb tsa tshuaj, tshwj xeeb acidic thiab sulfate-nplua nuj teeb meem qhov twg OPC yuav sai sai degrade.
Cov moisturized aluminate theem yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qis-pH cua, ua kom CAC tiv taus cov kua qaub tawm tsam los ntawm qhov chaw xws li sulfuric, hydrochloric, thiab organic acids– feem ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag kho dej khib nyiab, chemical processing chaw, thiab kev ua haujlwm mining.
Nws tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau sulfate quab yuam, Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm OPC pob zeb ua kev puas tsuaj hauv cov av thiab dej ib puag ncig, vim tsis muaj calcium hydroxide (Portlanders) thiab ettringite-forming theem.
Tsis tas li ntawd, CAC qhia tau hais tias tsawg solubility hauv dej hiav txwv thiab tsis kam mus rau chloride ion infiltration, txo qis qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev txhawb nqa xeb hauv kev tawm tsam marine chaw.
Cov vaj tsev nyob lossis cov khoom lag luam no ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov kab hauv biogas digesters, pulp thiab paper market tanks, thiab flue gas desulfurization systems uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab thermal stresses.
3. Microstructure thiab Durability Zoo
3.1 Pore Structure thiab Permeability
Lub sturdiness ntawm calcium aluminate pob zeb yog heev ze rau nws microstructure, tshwj xeeb nws qhov pore dimension faib thiab kev sib txuas.
Fresh moisturized CAC qhia pom lub qhov hws zoo dua piv rau OPC, nrog gel pores thiab capillary pores ntxiv kom txo qis hauv cov qauv thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv kom nruj ion ingress.
Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev hloov dua siab tshiab, Lub coarsening ntawm pore qauv vim qhov ntom ntawm C THREE AH ₆ tuaj yeem txhim kho permeability yog tias cov pob zeb tsis zoo kho lossis tiv thaiv.
Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm reactive aluminosilicate khoom, xws li ya tshauv lossis metakaolin, tuaj yeem txhim kho lub neej ntev ntev los ntawm kev noj cov txiv qaub dawb thiab tsim cov calcium aluminosilicate hydrate ntxiv. (C-A-S-H) cov theem uas kho cov microstructure.
Tsim nyog kho– tshwj xeeb moist curing ntawm tswj kub– yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ncua kev hloov dua siab tshiab thiab tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tuab, impenetrable matrix.
3.2 Thermal Shock thiab Spalling Resistance
Thermal shock resistance yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv hauv cov cua sov hauv tsev thiab cua txias.
Calcium aluminate pob zeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsim nrog cov ntsiab lus qis-cement thiab siab refractory ntim ntim, exhibits tshwj xeeb tsis kam rau thermal spalling vim nws txo coefficient ntawm thermal expansion thiab siab thermal conductivity piv rau lwm cov refractory concretes..
Lub xub ntiag ntawm microcracks thiab interconnected porosity tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab vim kev lom zem thoob plaws hauv kev hloov kho kub ceev, tiv thaiv tragic tawg.
Fiber txhawb– siv hlau, polypropylene, los yog basalt fibers– ntau boosts sturdiness thiab phua kuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thawj lub tshav kub-up theem ntawm kev lag luam hauv ob sab phlu.
Cov yam ntxwv no lav lub neej ntev kev pab cuam hauv kev siv xws li ladle cellular linings hauv steelmaking, rotating kilns hauv kev tsim ua vaj tse, thiab petrochemical crackers.
4. Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam thiab kev txhim kho yav tom ntej
4.1 Cov Kev Lag Luam Tseem Ceeb thiab Architectural siv
Calcium aluminate qhob yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas cov pa ua vaj tse tsis ua haujlwm vim yog thermal lossis tshuaj lom neeg raug..
Nyob rau hauv lub steel thiab foundry sectors, Nws yog siv rau monolithic linings hauv ladles, hauv chav kawm, thiab saturating pits, qhov twg nws sawv mus rau liquified steel hu thiab thermal cycling.
Nyob rau hauv khib nyiab incineration nroj tsuag, CAC-raws li refractory castables ruaj ntseg boiler phab ntsa nto los ntawm acidic flue gases thiab tsis kaj siab ya tshauv nyob rau hauv siab kub..
Cov dej khib nyiab hauv zej zog siv CAC rau manholes, twj terminals, thiab cov kav dej phwj tuaj raug rau biogenic sulfuric acid, Kev nthuav dav lub neej zoo sib xws rau OPC.
Nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov kev pabcuam kho mob ceev rau txoj kev loj, choj, thiab tshav dav hlau khiav, qhov twg nws ceev ceev xwm tso cai rau tib-hnub resuming rau lub website tsheb.
4.2 Sustainability thiab Advanced Formulations
Tsis hais txog nws cov txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm, Kev tsim cov calcium aluminate cement yog lub zog siv zog thiab muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau dua li OPC vim tias kub kub clinkering..
Kev kawm txuas ntxiv tsom mus rau kev txo qis ib puag ncig los ntawm kev hloov ib nrab nrog kev lag luam spin-offs, xws li aluminium dross lossis slag, thiab optimizing kiln efficiency.
Cov qauv tshiab integrating nanomaterials, xws li nano-alumina lossis carbon nanotubes, lub hom phiaj los txhawb lub zog thaum ntxov, txo qis kev hloov pauv ntsig txog kev puas tsuaj, thiab nthuav cov tshuaj kub txwv.
Ntxiv thiab, kev loj hlob ntawm low-cement thiab ultra-low-cement refractory castables (ULCCs) txhim kho qhov ntom ntom, zog, thiab durability los ntawm kev txo qhov kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov lus teb matrix thaum ua qhov feem ntau ntawm kev sib txuam sib txuam.
Raws li cov txheej txheem kev lag luam xav tau cov khoom resistant ntxiv, calcium aluminate pob zeb txuas ntxiv mus ua lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, resilient lub tsev thiab kev tsim kho nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyuaj tshaj plaws.
Hauv recap, calcium aluminate pob zeb ua ke ua kom muaj zog ceev nrawm, kev ruaj ntseg kub siab, thiab zoo heev tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov chaw uas raug thermal thiab hnyav teeb meem.
Nws tshwj xeeb hydration chemistry thiab microstructural txoj kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau ceev faj tuav thiab style, txawm li cas los xij thaum siv tau zoo, nws muab cov khoom siv tsis sib xws thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
5. Tus kws kho mob
Cabr-Concrete yog ib tug neeg muag khoom nyob rau hauv TRUNNANO ntawm Calcium Aluminate Cement nrog tshaj 12 xyoo dhau los hauv nano-tsim hluav taws xob txuag thiab kev tsim kho nanotechnology. Nws lees txais kev them nyiaj ntawm Credit Card, T/T, West Union thiab Paypal. TRUNNANO yuav xa cov khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws los ntawm FedEx, DHL, los ntawm huab cua, los yog hiav txwv. Yog koj tab tom nrhiav aluminate cement, thov koj xav tiv tauj peb thiab xa cov lus nug. (
Cim npe: calcium aluminate,calcium aluminate,aluminate cement
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