1. Tsarin Siminti da Ruwan Ruwa na Calcium Aluminate Siminti
1.1 Babban Matakai da Raw Material Sources
(Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
Calcium aluminate kankare (CAC) samfurin gini ne da aka keɓance bisa siminti aluminate (CAC), wanda ya bambanta da gaske da siminti na gari na gari (OPC) a cikin abun da ke ciki da kuma aiki.
Babban matakin dauri a cikin CAC shine monocalcium aluminate (CaO · Al ₂ O Hudu ko CA), yawanci yana kunshe da 40– 60% na clinker, tare da wasu matakai daban-daban kamar dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate (C ₁ A ₇), calcium dialluminum (CA ₂), da ƙananan adadin tetracalcium trialuminate sulfate (C HUDU AS).
Ana haifar da waɗannan matakan ta hanyar haɗa bauxite mai tsafta (aluminum mai arziki a cikin tama) da farar ƙasa a cikin baka na lantarki ko rotary kiln a matakan zafin jiki tsakanin 1300 ° C da 1600 ° C, yana kaiwa ga ƙwanƙwasa wanda daga baya aka niƙa shi daidai cikin foda mai kyau.
Amfani da bauxite yana ba da garantin babban aluminum oxide (Al biyu O BIYU) abun ciki– yawanci tsakanin 35% kuma 80%– wanda ya wajaba don gine-ginen juriya da sinadarai na samfurin.
Ba kamar OPC ba, wanda ya dogara da calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) don haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari, CAC ta sami gidajen injin ta tare da hydration na matakan aluminate na calcium, haɓaka nau'ikan nau'ikan hydrates tare da ingantaccen inganci a cikin mahalli mara kyau.
1.2 Injin Ruwan Ruwa da Ci gaban Tauri
A hydration na alli aluminate kankare ne makaman, Yanayin zafin jiki wanda ke haifar da haɓakar metastable da tsayayyen hydrates a cikin lokaci.
A matakan zafin jiki da aka jera a ƙasa 20 ° C, CA moisturizes don haɓaka CAH ₀ (calcium aluminate decahydrate) da C BIYU AH ₈ (Dicalcium aluminate octahydrate), waxanda suke da matakan metastable waɗanda ke ba da saurin ƙarfi da wuri– sau da yawa kaiwa 50 MPa a ciki 1 rana.
Duk da haka, a yanayin zafi sama da 25– 30 ° C, wadannan metastable hydrates suna jurewa canji zuwa matakin tsaro na thermodynamically, C ₃ AH ₆ (hydrogarnet), da amorphous haske nauyi aluminum hydroxide (AH SHIDA), wani tsari da ake magana da shi azaman juyawa.
Wannan jujjuyawar yana rage ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan matakan damshin, haɓaka porosity da yuwuwar lalata simintin in ba haka ba ana kula da shi yadda ya kamata a duk lokacin warkewa da sabis.
Farashin da girman juyi suna tasiri ta hanyar ruwa-zuwa-ciminti rabo, zafin jiki warkewa, da kuma ganuwa na additives kamar silica fume ko microsilica, wanda zai iya rage ƙarfin hasara ta hanyar tsaftace tsarin pore da inganta martani na biyu.
Duk da hadarin tuba, saurin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ikon rushewa da wuri ya sa CAC ta dace da abubuwan da aka riga aka gyara da aikin gyaran yanayin gaggawa a cikin saitin masana'antu..
( Calcium Aluminate Concrete)
2. Halayen Jiki da Kanikanci Karkashin Matsanancin yanayi
2.1 Ayyukan Babban Zazzabi da Refractoriness
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi ma'anar sifofin calcium aluminate kankare shine ikonsa na tsayawa ga matsananciyar yanayin zafi, sanya shi zaɓin shawarar da aka ba da shawarar don rufin salon salula a cikin dumama kasuwanci, kilns, da incinerators.
Lokacin zafi, CAC tana jurewa tarin rashi da amsoshi masu ratsa jiki: hydrates bazu tsakanin 100 ° C da 300 ° C, biyo bayan samuwar tsaka-tsaki na crystalline kamar CA ₂ da melilite (gehlenite) a kan 1000 ° C.
A matakan zafin jiki ya zarce 1300 ° C, Tsarin yumbu mai yawa yana nau'ukan ta hanyar sintirin ruwa-lokaci, haifar da gagarumin farfadowar tauri da tsaro mai yawa.
Wannan ɗabi'a ta bambanta sosai da siminti na tushen OPC, wanda gabaɗaya ya ɓata ko rushewa 300 ° C sakamakon tururi danniya ginawa da rugujewar C-S-H matakai.
Abubuwan da ke tushen CAC na iya kula da ci gaba da matakan zazzabi kusan 1400 ° C, dogara ga tarin nau'in da mafita, kuma akai-akai ana yin amfani da su a haɗe tare da tari mai ruɗi kamar calcined bauxite, chamotte, ko mullite don inganta juriyar girgiza zafi.
2.2 Juriya ga Yajin Sinadari da Tsatsa
Calcium aluminate kankare yana baje kolin juriya ga saitunan sinadarai iri-iri, musamman matsalolin acidic da sulfate-arziƙin inda OPC zai ƙasƙanta da sauri.
Matsalolin aluminate masu ɗanɗano sun fi tsayayye a cikin ƙananan yanayin pH, baiwa CAC damar jure yajin acid daga tushe irin su sulfuric, hydrochloric, da Organic acid– na kowa a cikin tsire-tsire masu sharar ruwa, wuraren sarrafa sinadarai, da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai.
Hakanan yana da kariya daga harin sulfate, Muhimmin dalilin lalacewar kankare na OPC a cikin ƙasa da muhallin ruwa, saboda rashin sinadarin calcium hydroxide (Portlanders) da matakan haɓakar ettringite.
Bugu da kari, CAC yana nuna ƙarancin narkewa a cikin ruwan teku da juriya ga shigar da ion chloride, rage hadarin goyon bayan tsatsa a maƙiya marine saituna.
Waɗannan kaddarorin na zama ko na kasuwanci sun sa ya dace don lining a cikin injin sarrafa gas, ɓangaren litattafan almara da tankunan kasuwa na takarda, da tsarin gurɓataccen iskar gas inda duk matsalolin sinadarai da thermal ke wanzu.
3. Microstructure da Ƙwararrun Ƙarfafawa
3.1 Tsarin Pore da Permeability
Ƙarfin calcium aluminate kankare yana da alaƙa sosai da ƙananan tsarinsa, musamman rarraba girman girman pore da haɗin kai.
CAC mai ɗanɗano sabo yana nuna kyakkyawan tsarin pore idan aka kwatanta da OPC, tare da gel pores da capillary pores ƙara zuwa ƙananan leaks a cikin tsarin da kuma ƙarfafa juriya ga m ion ingress..
Duk da haka, yayin da tuba ta ci gaba, da coarsening na pore tsarin saboda densification na C UKU AH ₆ iya inganta permeability idan kankare ba da kyau warke ko kare..
Ƙarin samfuran aluminosilicate mai amsawa, kamar ash ƙuda ko metakaolin, zai iya inganta tsawon rayuwa mai ɗorewa ta hanyar cin lemun tsami gaba ɗaya kyauta da haɓaka ƙarin calcium aluminosilicate hydrate. (C-A-S-H) marhalolin da ke tace microstructure.
Warkar da ta dace– musamman m magani a kayyade yanayin zafi– yana da mahimmanci don jinkirta jujjuyawa da ba da izinin girma na kauri, matrix wanda ba zai iya shiga ba.
3.2 Thermal Shock da Juriya na Spalling
Juriyar girgiza zafin zafi shine muhimmin ma'auni na inganci don samfuran da aka yi amfani da su a cikin dumama gida da yanayin sanyaya..
Calcium aluminate kankare, musamman idan aka haɓaka tare da ƙarancin siminti da ƙarar tarawa mai ƙarfi, yana nuna juriya na musamman ga spalling thermal saboda raguwar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar thermal da haɓakar haɓakar thermal dangane da sauran simintin ƙarfe..
Kasancewar microcracks da porosity masu haɗin gwiwa suna ba da izinin hutun tashin hankali cikin saurin daidaita matakan zafin jiki, kariya daga mummunan fashewa.
Tallafin fiber– amfani da karfe, polypropylene, ko basalt fibers– ƙarin ƙarfafa sturdiness da tsaga juriya, musamman a ko'ina cikin matakin farko na zafi-up na kasuwanci linings.
Waɗannan fasalulluka suna ba da garanti na tsawon sabis a aikace-aikace kamar ladle na salula a cikin ƙera ƙarfe, juyawa kilns a cikin kankare masana'antu, da petrochemical crackers.
4. Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu da Abubuwan Ci gaba na gaba
4.1 Manyan Kasuwanni da Amfanin Gine-gine
Calcium aluminate kankare yana da mahimmanci a masana'antu inda simintin al'ada ya daina aiki saboda yanayin zafi ko sinadarai..
A cikin sassa na karfe da ma'adinai, Ana amfani da shi don monolithic linings a cikin ladles, a cikin azuzuwan, da ramuka masu yawa, inda yake tsaye zuwa kirar karfe mai ruwa da kuma hawan keken zafi.
A cikin sharar incineration shuke-shuke, CAC-based castables refractory castables amintattun saman bangon tukunyar jirgi daga iskar hayaƙin hayaƙin hayaƙi da tokar gardawa mara kyau a matakan zafin jiki..
Tsarin ruwa na al'umma yana amfani da CAC don magudanar ruwa, famfo tashoshi, da bututun magudanar ruwa da aka fallasa ga biogenic sulfuric acid, Fadada rayuwa mai yawa sabanin OPC.
Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin tsarin sabis na gyare-gyare mai sauri don hanyoyin kyauta, gadoji, da titin jirgin sama, inda yanayin saurin sa ya ba da damar ci gaba da rana guda zuwa zirga-zirgar gidan yanar gizo.
4.2 Dorewa da Nagartattun Ƙirar
Ko da kuwa fa'idodin aikin sa, Samar da siminti aluminate yana da ƙarfin kuzari kuma yana da sawun carbon fiye da OPC saboda zafin jiki mai zafi..
Ci gaba da karatu yana mai da hankali kan rage tasirin muhalli ta hanyar maye gurbin wani yanki tare da jujjuyawar masana'antu, kamar aluminium dross ko slag, da inganta kiln tasiri.
Sabbin dabaru masu haɗa nanomaterials, kamar nano-alumina ko carbon nanotubes, haƙiƙa don haɓaka ƙarfin farko, ƙananan juzu'i masu alaƙa da lalacewa, da kuma faɗaɗa ƙuntatawa yanayin zafi bayani.
Bugu da kari, ci gaban ƙananan siminti da ƙananan ƙananan simintin simintin gyare-gyare (ULCCs) inganta yawa, ƙarfi, da karko ta hanyar rage yawan matrix mai amsawa yayin da ake samun mafi yawan haɗin haɗin gwiwa..
Kamar yadda hanyoyin kasuwanci ke buƙatar ƙarin samfuran juriya, Calcium aluminate kankare yana ci gaba da ci gaba a matsayin ginshiƙi na babban aiki, m gini da gini a cikin mafi wuya yanayi.
A sake fasalin, Calcium aluminate kankare yana haɗuwa da saurin ƙarfin kuzari, high-zazzabi tsaro, da kuma juriya na sinadarai, sanya shi wani abu mai mahimmanci ga wuraren da aka fuskanci matsanancin zafi da matsaloli masu tsanani.
Kemis ɗin sa na musamman na hydration da haɓakar ƙayyadaddun tsarin yana buƙatar kulawa da salo a hankali, duk da haka idan an yi amfani da shi sosai, yana ba da ƙarfi mara misaltuwa da aminci da tsaro a aikace-aikacen kasuwanci a duniya.
5. Mai bayarwa
Cabr-Concrete mai sayarwa ne a ƙarƙashin TRUNNANO na Calcium Aluminate Cement tare da ƙari. 12 shekaru na gwaninta a cikin nano-ginin makamashi kiyayewa da nanotechnology ci gaban. Yana karɓar biyan kuɗi ta Katin Kiredit, T/T, West Union da Paypal. TRUNNANO zai jigilar kaya ga abokan ciniki a ketare ta hanyar FedEx, Farashin DHL, ta iska, ko ta teku. Idan kuna nema aluminate ciminti, da fatan za a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu kuma ku aiko da tambaya. (
Tags: calcium aluminium,calcium aluminium,aluminate ciminti
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