1. Nchọpụta Nanoscale na ihe gbasara sayensị nke Aerogels
1.1 Jenesis na Usoro dị mkpa nke ngwaahịa Airgel
(Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi Airgel)
Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi nke Airgel na-anọchite anya mmepe mgbanwe na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na-enyocha okpomọkụ, gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na nanostructure pụrụ iche nke aerogels– ultra-fefe, ngwaahịa porous sitere na gels nke mmiri mmiri na-agbanwe na gas na-emebighị netwọk siri ike.
Nke mbụ guzobere na 1930 site n'aka Samuel Kistler, aerogels gara n'ihu na-abụkarị nyocha ụlọ nyocha ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ n'ihi adịghị ike na ọnụ ahịa nrụpụta dị elu.
Ka o sina dị, Ihe na-eme ugbu a na kemịkalụ sol-gel na usoro ikpo nkụ emeela ka o kwe omume ijikọta ụmụ irighiri ihe ikukugel ka ọ bụrụ mgbanwe., sprayable, na brushable oyi akwa formulations, imeghe ikike ha maka ngwa azụmahịa juru ebe niile.
Isi ihe dị ịrịba ama nke ike mkpuchi aerogel dabere na nanoscale permeable framework.: na-emekarị nke silica (SiO ₂), ihe na-egosiputa porosity na-agabiga 90%, na nha pore bụ isi na 2– 50 nm usoro– Edepụtara nke ọma n'okpuru ebe a na-akwụghị ụgwọ nke ikuku ikuku (~ 70 nm na nsogbu ambient).
Nanoconfinement a na-ebelata nke ukwuu nnyefe ikuku gas, dị ka irighiri ikuku enweghị ike ịfefe kinetic ike nke ọma site na mkpọka n'ime mpaghara mmachi.
N'otu oge, a na-emepụta netwọk silica siri ike ka ọ bụrụ nke ukwuu na-agwụ ike ma kwụsị, na-ebelata nnyefe ọkụ na-eduzi site na ogbo siri ike.
Ihe ga-esi na ya pụta bụ ihe nwere otu n'ime ihe nrụpụta okpomọkụ kachasị ọnụ nke ụdị ọ bụla siri ike mara– n'ozuzu n'etiti 0.012 na 0.018 W/m · K n'ogo mpaghara okpomọkụ– na-agabiga ihe mkpuchi ọkọlọtọ dị ka woolen ịnweta, polyurethane ụfụfụ, ma ọ bụ polystyrene na-abawanye.
1.2 Mmepe sitere na Monolithic Aerogels ruo mkpuchi ngwakọta
A na-emepụta aerogels mbụ dị ka ndị na-esighị ike, monolithic blocks, na-amachibido ojiji ha na niche aerospace na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ.
Ngbanwe ahụ gaa n'ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi ikuku airgel mejupụtara bụ ihe achọrọ maka ịdị iche iche, kwekọrọ, na ihe mgbochi thermal scalable nke nwere ike jikọta na geometries mgbagwoju anya dị ka pipeline, nkwụsị, na ebe akụrụngwa na-enweghị isi.
N'ígwé ikuku nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na-agụnye granules airgel nke ejiri nlezianya gbajie (na-emekarị 1– 10 µm n'ogo) ekesara n'ime ihe nkedo polymeric dị ka acrylics, silicones, ma ọ bụ epoxies.
( Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi Airgel)
Usoro ngwakọ ndị a na-ejigide ọtụtụ arụmọrụ ọkụ ebumpụta ụwa nke aerogels dị ọcha ka ha na-enweta ike nke igwe., njikọ, na nguzogide ọnọdụ ihu igwe.
The ihe nkedo ogbo, ebe ọ na-amụbawanye thermal conductivity, na-enye njikọ dị mkpa ma na-enye ohere ngwa site na usoro azụmahịa nke omenala gụnyere splashing, na-atụgharị, ma ọ bụ itinye aka.
Nke kacha mkpa, A na-emezi obere akụkụ nke airgel bits iji mee ka arụmọrụ mkpuchi kwụsie ike na nkwụsi ike ihe nkiri.– na-adịkarị iche site na 40% ka 70% site olu na elu-arụmọrụ formulations.
Atụmatụ ngwakọta a na-ejigide mmetụta Knudsen (Mbelata nke ikuku-phase conduction na nanopores) ebe a na-eme ka ụlọ ndị a na-emegharị emegharị dị ka mgbanwe, mgbochi mmiri, na mgbochi ọkụ.
2. Arụmọrụ thermal na Mbelata Mbufe Okpomọkụ Multimodal
2.1 Sistemu nke mkpuchi ọkụ na Nanoscale
Igwe mkpuchi Airgel rụchara arụ ọrụ ya kacha mma site n'otu oge na-ebelata ihe niile 3 ụdịdị nke nnyefe ọkụ: nnyefe, convection, na radieshon.
A na-ebelata nnyefe ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ site na nchikota nke njikọta nke usoro siri ike na nke nanoporous nke na-egbochi mmegharị ahụ gas..
N'ihi eziokwu na netwọk airgel nwere oke mkpa, ntutu silica jikọtara ọnụ (Ọtụtụ mgbe naanị nanometer ole na ole n'ogo), ụzọ maka ụgbọ njem phonon (ịma jijiji lattice na-ebu okpomọkụ) nwere oke oke.
Ụdị nhazi a na-edozi nke ọma na mpaghara ndị dị n'akụkụ nke imecha, na-ebelata njikọ thermal.
Mbufe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-efu efu n'ime nanopores n'ihi ọdịda nke ikuku na-emepụta ikuku convection na mpaghara ndị dị otú ahụ..
Ọzọkwa na macroscopic ranges, Airgel etinyere ya nke ọma na-ekpochapụ oghere ikuku na oghere convective na-emetụta sistemu mkpuchi ọkọlọtọ., kpọmkwem na vetikal ma ọ bụ karịa nkeji nkeji.
Nfefe ọkụ radieshon, nke na-abịa buru ibu na elu okpomọkụ (> 100 Celsius C), na-ebelata site na ntinye nke infrared opacifiers dị ka carbon ojii, titanium dioxide, ma ọ bụ seramiiki pigmenti.
Ihe ndị a na-eme ka opacity nke mkpuchi ahụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ radieshon infrared, na-agbasa ma na-ewere na thermal photons tupu ha nwere ike gafere mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ.
Mmekọrịta nke usoro ndị a na-arụpụta ngwaahịa nke na-enye nha nha nke mkpuchi mkpuchi na obere njupụta nke ihe ọdịnala.– na-emezukarị ụkpụrụ R (thermal iguzogide) ọtụtụ ugboro elu kwa unit ọkpụrụkpụ.
2.2 Ịrụ ọrụ gafere ọkwa okpomọkụ na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi
Otu n'ime uru kachasị mma nke mkpuchi mkpuchi airgel bụ arụmọrụ ha mgbe niile n'ofe oke okpomọkụ., na-adịkarị iche site na okpomọkụ cryogenic (-200 Celsius C) gafere 600 Celsius C, dabere na usoro ihe nkedo ejiri.
Na ọkwa okpomọkụ belatara, dịka na ọkpọkọ LNG ma ọ bụ sistemụ refrigeration, Airgel n'ígwé na-echebe megide condensation na obere ikpo ọkụ na-enweta nke ọma karịa ihe ndị ọzọ dabeere na ụfụfụ.
Na okpomọkụ, karịsịa na ngwá ọrụ usoro mmepụta ihe, iyuzucha usoro, ma ọ bụ akụrụngwa nrụpụta ike, ha na-echebe ihe ndị dị n'okpuru site na mmebi ọkụ na-ebelata ike ike.
N'adịghị ka ụfụfụ organic nke nwere ike ire ere ma ọ bụ unyi, Airgel nke silica na-emecha na-eguzosi ike n'ụzọ zuru oke yana anaghị ere ọkụ, na-agbakwunye na usoro nchebe ọkụ dị mfe.
Ọzọkwa, mmịpụta mmiri dị ala ha na ọgwụgwọ elu hydrophobic (a na-enwetakarị site na ịrụ ọrụ silane) gbochie mmebi arụmọrụ na mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ ntọala mmiri– a ahụkarị ọdịda ntọala maka keadighi rarii mkpuchi.
3. Usoro Ngwọta na Mmakọ bara uru na mkpuchi mkpuchi
3.1 Nhọrọ Binder na Mechanical Residential ma ọ bụ Azụmahịa Ngwongwo
Nhọrọ nke binder na mkpuchi mkpuchi airgel dị oke mkpa iji mee ka arụmọrụ okpomọkụ dị ogologo na ịdị mma ngwa..
Ihe eji ejikọta silicone na-eji nkwụsi ike dị elu dị elu na nguzogide UV, na-eme ka ha dị mma maka ngwa n'èzí na nke azụmahịa.
Ihe nkedo acrylic na-enye ezigbo mmachi na nchara na ihe, yana ịdị mma nke ngwa yana obere ikuku VOC, kacha mma maka ịmepụta envelopu na usoro kpo oku na oyi.
Usoro Epoxy gbanwetụrụ na-akwalite nguzogide kemịkalụ na ume n'ibu, bara uru na gburugburu mmiri ma ọ bụ mbibi.
Ndị na-emepụta ihe na-etinyekwa ihe mgbanwe rheology, ndị na-ekesa, na cross-linking nnọchiteanya na-ekwe nkwa otu bit nkesa, kwụsị ikpochapụ, ma melite mmepe ihe nkiri.
A na-eji nlezianya na-emegharị mgbanwe iji gbochie nkewa site n'ịgba igwe ọkụ ma ọ bụ nrụrụ substratum, karịsịa na ihe owuwu dị egwu dị ka nkwonkwo mmepe ma ọ bụ igwe na-ama jijiji.
3.2 Multifunctional nkwalite na Smart mkpuchi nwere ike
Ihe mkpuchi thermal gara aga, A na-eji ike arụpụta ihe arụcha airgel nke oge a.
Ụfọdụ usoro nwere pigmenti na-egbochi corrosion ma ọ bụ ndị nnọchianya na-agwọ onwe ya nke na-agbatị ogologo ndụ nke ihe ndị dara ụda..
Ndị ọzọ na-etinye ngwaahịa mgbanwe oge (PCM) n'ime matriks iji na-enye nchekwa ike okpomọkụ, mgbanwe okpomọkụ dị nro na ụlọ ma ọ bụ nkeji dijitalụ.
Ọmụmụ nyocha na-apụta na-enyocha nchikota nke nanomaterials na-eduzi (eg, carbon nanotubes) inye ohere n'ime ọnọdụ nsochi nke imecha eziokwu ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ nkesa larịị– na-emeghe ụzọ maka “amamihe” thermal nlekota usoro.
Ikike ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche na-eme ka airgel rụchaa ọ bụghị naanị dị ka ihe mkpuchi na-agafe agafe ma dị ka ihe dị ike na akụrụngwa nwere ọgụgụ isi na sistemụ arụmọrụ ike..
4. Ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na azụmaahịa na-akwalite ahịa ịnya ụgbọ ala
4.1 Ịrụ ọrụ ike na nhazi na ngalaba mmepụta ihe
A na-eji nke nta nke nta na-etinye mkpuchi mkpuchi Airgel n'ụdị azụmahịa, refinerries, na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ iji belata ojiji ike yana ikuku carbon.
Tinyere na ahịrị uzuoku, ji esi mmiri ọkụ, na ndị na-ekpo ọkụ mgbanwe, ha belatara nke ukwuu ọnwụ okpomọkụ, na-eme ka sistemu arụ ọrụ na-ebelata agụụ gas.
Na retrofit ọnọdụ, Profaịlụ ha dị gịrịgịrị na-enye ohere ka agbakwunye ihe mkpuchi na-enweghị nnukwu mgbanwe nhazi, na-echebe ụlọ na ibelata downtime.
Na ụlọ na azụmahịa ụlọ na ewu, A na-eji agba na plasta emeziwanye aerogel n'elu mgbidi, ihe mkpuchi ụlọ, na windo ụlọ iji kwalite ịdị mma ọkụ ma belata nza HVAC.
4.2 Ngwa niche na arụmọrụ dị elu
The ikuku, akpaaka, na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị na-eji ohere nke mmecha airgel maka nleba anya ọkụ na-enwe mmetụta dị arọ na oghere..
N'ime ụgbọ ala eletrik, ha na-echebe ibu batrị site na mgbapụ ọkụ na n'èzí ebe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ.
Na ngwá electronic, N'ígwé airgel ultra-kpara na-echebe ihe ndị nwere ike dị elu ma zere ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ.
Eji ha na nchekwa cryogenic, gburugburu ụlọ, na ngwá ọrụ miri emi na-emesi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ha ike na ntọala dị oke egwu.
Ka ịme oke na ọnụ ahịa na-ebelata, A na-edobe mkpuchi mkpuchi airgel ka ọ bụrụ isi nkuku nke ọgbọ na-adịgide adịgide na nke na-adịgide adịgide.
5. Onye na-ebu ihe
TRUNNANO bụ onye na-eweta Spherical Tungsten Powder nwere ihe karịrị 12 afọ nke ahụmahụ na nano-ewu ike nchekwa na mmepe nanotechnology. Ọ na-anabata ịkwụ ụgwọ site na kaadị kredit, T/T, West Union na Paypal. Trunnano ga-ebuga ndị ahịa ngwaahịa ahụ na mba ofesi site na FedEx, DHL, site n'ikuku, ma ọ bụ site n'oké osimiri. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịmatakwu banyere Spherical Tungsten Powder, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ anyị wee ziga ajụjụ([email protected]).
Mkpado: Silica Airgel Thermal mkpuchi mkpuchi, mkpuchi mkpuchi thermal, ihe mkpuchi ikuku airgel
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