1. Izisekelo Zomkhiqizo kanye Nezinzuzo Ze-morphological
1.1 I-Crystal Framework kanye Nesakhiwo Samakhemikhali
(I-alumina eyindilinga)
I-alumina eyindilinga, noma i-aluminium oxide eyindilinga enesisindo sokukhanya (I-Al ₂ O EZINHLANU), iwumkhiqizo we-ceramic odalwe ngokuzenzisa obonakala nge-globular morphology echazwe kahle kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu kakhulu ku-alpha. (a) isigaba.
I-Alpha-alumina, enye ye-polymorph ezinde kakhulu kwe-thermodynamically, ihlanganisa ipulani evaliwe ene-hexagonal ye-oxygen ion ene-aluminium ion ehlala izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ze-octahedral interstices, okuholela emandleni aphezulu e-latticework kanye nokungangeni kwamakhemikhali okungavamile.
Lesi sigaba sibonisa ukuzinza okushisayo, ukugcina ukwethembeka cishe 1800 °C, futhi imelana nokusabela ngama-asidi, ama-alkali, nezinsimbi ezincibilikisiwe ngaphansi kwezinkinga eziningi zezimboni.
Ngokungafani nezimpushana ze-alumina ezingajwayelekile noma ezingama-angular ezibangelwa ukubalwa kwe-bauxite, I-alumina eyindilinga yakhiwe ngezinqubo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana ne-plasma spheroidization noma i-flame synthesis ukuze kufezwe ukuzungeza okungaguquki kanye nesakhiwo sobuso obushelelezi..
Ushintsho olusuka kumabhithi angaphambili angular– ngokuvamile calcined bauxite noma gibbsite– ukujiya, imijikelezo ye-isotropic isusa izinhlangothi ezibukhali kanye ne-porosity yangaphakathi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokupakisha kanye nokuqina kwemishini.
Izimfanelo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu (≥ 99.5% Al Amabili O EZINHLANU) zibalulekile ezinhlelweni ze-elekthronikhi kanye ne-semiconductor lapho ukungcola kwe-ionic kufanele kuncishiswe.
1.2 I-particle geometry kanye nokuziphatha kokupakisha
Isici esichazayo se-alumina eyindilinga i-sphericity yayo eseduze-ephelele, ngokuvamile kuhlolwa inkomba eyi-sphericity > 0.9, okuthinta kakhulu ukugeleza kwayo kanye nokupakisha ukushuba ezinhlelweni eziyinhlanganisela.
Ngokuphambene nezingcezu ze-angular ezihlanganayo futhi zithuthukise izikhala, izingcezu eziyindilinga ziyagoqana ngaphambi kwenye ngokungqubuzana okuseceleni, okuvumela ukulayishwa okuqinile okuphezulu kuyo yonke ifomula yemikhiqizo yokusebenzelana komsebenzisi eshisayo (Ama-TIM), ama-encapsulants, kanye nama-potting compounds.
Lokhu kufana kwejiyomethri kuvumela ukuminyana okuhle kokupakishwa kwezemfundo okudlulayo 70 ivolumu%, ngaphezu kwama-50– 60 i-vol% evamile yezigcwalisi ezingajwayelekile.
Ukugcwaliswa kokugcwalisa okuphakeme okuqondile kufana nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okushisayo kumatrices e-polymer, njengoba inethiwekhi ye-ceramic engashintshi inikeza izindlela zokuthutha ze-phonon ezinokwethenjelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ebushelelezi inciphisa ukuguga kumathuluzi okuphatha futhi inciphise ukushuba kokuqina ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa, ukuthuthukisa ukucutshungulwa nokuphepha kokuhlakazeka.
Imvelo yemijikelezo ye-isotropic nayo igwema i-anisotropy encike ekugxileni ezindaweni zokuhlala ezishisayo nezemishini., iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
2. Izindlela Zokuhlanganisa kanye Nokuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi
2.1 I-High-Temperature Spheroidization Izindlela
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-alumina eyindilinga ikakhulukazi kuncika ezindleleni ezishisayo ezincibilikisa izingcezu ze-alumina e-angular futhi zinike amandla ukucindezeleka kwendawo ukuze zithuthuke zibe amabhola..
( I-alumina eyindilinga)
I-Plasma spheroidization ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuhweba, lapho impushana ye-alumina ijovwa emlilweni we-plasma onezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (cishe 10,000 K), ukucupha ukuncibilika okusheshayo kanye nokuminyana kwendawo okuqhutshwa ukushuba kuze kube yimizuliswano emihle kakhulu.
Amaconsi ancibilikisiwe aqina ngokushesha phakathi nokundiza, ukukhula kokuqina, izinhlayiya ezingenazimbotshana ezinokusabalalisa kosayizi ofanayo lapho zihlanganiswa nokuhlukaniswa okunembile.
Izindlela ezihlukene zihlanganisa i-fire spheroidization kusetshenziswa izibani ze-oxy-fuel kanye nokushisisa okusizwa yi-microwave., nakuba lezi ngokuvamile zinikeza ukuphuma okuphansi noma ukulawula okuncane kakhulu kusayizi wezinhlayiyana.
Ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo wokuqala kanye nokujikeleza kwezinhlayiyana kubalulekile; ama-submicron noma ama-micron-scale precursors akhiqiza amabhola anosayizi ofanayo ngemva kokuphatha.
I-post-synthesis, umkhiqizo wenza sieve kanzima, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-electrostatic, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-laser diffraction ukwenza ukusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezithile ezinomkhawulo (I-PSD), ngokuvamile kusukela 1 ku 50 µm kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza.
2.2 Ukuguqulwa Kobuso Nokwenza Ngokwezifiso Okusebenzayo
Ukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana namatrices e-organic njengama-silicones, ama-epoxies, kanye ne-polyurethanes, I-alumina eyindilinga ivamise ukuphathwa phezulu ngama-coupling agents.
Silane coupling agents– njenge-amino, i-epoxy, noma ama-silane asebenzayo epulasitiki– yakha izibopho eziqinile namaqembu e-hydroxyl endaweni engaphezulu ye-alumina ngenkathi unikeza ukusebenza okuphilayo okubandakanya i-polymer matrix..
Lokhu kwelashwa kuthuthukisa ukunamathela kobuso, yehlisa ukumelana nokushisa kwe-filler-matrix, futhi ivimbela ukugxuma, okubangela ukuhlanganisa okuningi komfaniswano ngokusebenza okuphezulu komshini nokushisa.
Ukuqedwa kwendawo engaphezulu kungabuye kwenziwe ukuze kwethule i-hydrophobicity, thuthukisa ukuhlakazeka ezintweni ezingezona ezomhlaba, noma wenze kube nokwenzeka imikhuba yokusabela ezintweni ezishisayo ezihlakaniphile.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kuqukethe ubukhulu bendawo ye-BET, ukujiya kampompi, conductivity ezishisayo (ngokuvamile 25– 35 W/(m · k )kwe-α-alumina ewugqinsi), kanye nokwenza iphrofayela yokungcola nge-ICP-MS ukuze kungafaki u-Fe, Kakade, kanye no-K kumazinga we-ppm.
Ukufana kweqoqo-to-batch kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezithembeke kakhulu kuma-electronics kanye ne-aerospace.
3. Ukusebenza Okushisayo Nemishini Ezihlanganisweni
3.1 I-Thermal Conductivity kanye nobunjiniyela be-User Interface
I-alumina eyindilinga isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesigcwalisi esisebenza kahle kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okushisayo kwezinto ezisuselwa ku-polymer ezisetshenziswa ekufakweni komkhiqizo we-elekthronikhi., Ukukhanya kwe-LED, namamojula amandla.
Ngenkathi i-epoxy ehlanzekile noma i-silicone inokushintshwa okushisayo kwe-~ 0.2 W/(m · k), ukupakisha nge-60– 70 I-vol% i-alumina eyindilinga ingathuthukisa lokhu ku-2– 5 W/(m · k), okwanele ukuchithwa kokufudumala okuphumelelayo kumathuluzi ahlangene.
I-thermal conductivity ephezulu yemvelo ye-α-alumina, ihlanganiswe nephonon encane kakhulu esabalalisa ezindaweni ezibushelelezi zezinhlayiyana kanye nezinhlayiyana ze-matrix, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudluliswa kokushisa okuthembekile ngamanethiwekhi we-percolation.
Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-interface (Kapitza ukumelana) iyaqhubeka nokuba isici esikhawulelayo, kodwa ukusebenza kwendawo kanye namasu okuhlakazeka athuthukisiwe kusiza ukunciphisa lesi sithiyo.
Emikhiqizweni ye-interface eshisayo (Ama-TIM), i-alumina eyindilinga yehlisa ukumelana nezingcingo phakathi kwezingxenye ezikhiqiza ukushisa (isib., Ama-CPU, I-IGBTs) namasinki okufudumala, ukumisa ukushisa ngokweqile nokwandisa ubude bempilo yedivayisi.
I-insulation yayo kagesi (ukumelana > 10 ¹² Ω · amasentimitha) iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuvikeleka ezinhlelweni zamandla kagesi aphezulu, ukuhlukanisa kusuka ku-conductive fillers njengensimbi noma i-graphite.
3.2 Ukuzinza Kwemishini Nokwethenjwa
Ngaphandle kokusebenza okushisayo, i-alumina eyindilinga ithuthukisa ukuqina kwemishini kwezinhlanganisela ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina, imoduli, kanye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional.
Umumo oyindilinga usabalalisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngokulinganayo, ukunciphisa ukuqaliswa kokuhlukaniswa nokwanda ngaphansi kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo noma umthwalo wemishini.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emikhiqizweni engagcwalisi kahle kanye nama-encapsulants we-flip-chip kanye namadivayisi apakishwe nge-3D, lapho i-coefficient yokuthuthukiswa kokushisa (I-CTE) ukungalingani kungabangela i-delamination.
Ngokulungisa ukulayisha kokugcwalisa kanye nokusabalalisa usayizi omncane (isib., inhlanganisela ye-bimodal), i-CTE yenhlanganisela ingashunwa ukuze ifane neye-silicon noma ibhodi lomama eliphrintiwe, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-thermo-mechanical nokukhathazeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungabi namakhemikhali kwe-alumina kugwema ukuwohloka endaweni enomswakama noma egqwalile, eqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuhlala njalo ku-auto, ezentengiso, kanye nezinto zikagesi zangaphandle.
4. Izicelo kanye Nenguquko Yezobuchwepheshe
4.1 Amadivayisi kagesi kanye nezixazululo zezimoto zikagesi
I-alumina eyindilinga iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile ekulawuleni okushisayo kwama-electronics anamandla amakhulu, okuhlanganisa isango elivikelwe i-bipolar transistors (I-IGBTs), izinto zamandla, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha amabhethri kumaloli kagesi (EVs).
Ekulayishweni kwebhethri le-EV, ifakwe ezintweni zokubumba kanye nemikhiqizo yokuguqula isiteji ukuze kugwenywe ukuphuma okushisayo ngokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo ukufudumala kuwo wonke amaseli..
Abenzi be-LED bayisebenzisa kuma-encapsulants kanye ne-optics yesibili ukuze balondoloze umphumela we-lumen kanye nokufana komthunzi ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa elihlangene..
Kuhlaka lwe-5G nezinsiza zolwazi, lapho izinguquko ezishisayo zikhuphuka, Ama-TIM agcwele i-aluminium ayindilinga enza inqubo ethile ezinzile yama-chips anemvamisa ephezulu kanye nama-laser diode.
Umsebenzi wayo uyanda uye kubuchwepheshe bokupakisha bomkhiqizo obufana nokufakwa kwe-fan-out wafer-level (I-FOWLP) kanye nezinhlelo zokufa ezishumekiwe.
4.2 Imingcele Ekhulayo kanye Nentuthuko Ehlala njalo
Ukukhula kwesikhathi esizayo kugxile ezinhlelweni zokugcwalisa ezixubile ezihlanganisa i-alumina eyindilinga ne-boron nitride, i-aluminium nitride, noma i-graphene ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza ngokubambisana okushisayo ngenkathi igcina ukugqunywa kukagesi.
I-alumina ye-Nano-spherical (ngaphansi kwe-100 nm) kubhekwa izitsha zobumba ezibonisa ngale, Izembozo ze-UV, kanye nezicelo ze-biomedical, nakuba izithiyo ekuhlakazweni kanye nokuhlala kwezindleko.
Ukukhiqizwa okungeziwe kwezinhlanganisela ze-polymer ezishisayo zisebenzisa i-alumina eyindilinga kuvumela inkimbinkimbi., i-topology-optimized optimized dissipation frameworks.
Imizamo yokusimamisa ihlanganisa izinqubo ze-spheroidization ezonga amandla, ukugaywa kabusha kwento engekho-spec, kanye nokuhlaziywa komjikelezo wempilo ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wekhabhoni wezinto ezishisayo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ngokufigqiwe, I-alumina eyindilinga imelela into ebalulekile eyakhiwe lapho kuhlangana khona ama-porcelain, izinhlanganisela, kanye nesayensi ye-thermal.
Inhlanganisela yayo ekhethekile ye-morphology, ubumsulwa, kanye nokusebenza kuyenza ibaluleke ekwandeni okuncane okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenyuka kwamandla kwezinhlelo zesimanje zedijithali namandla.
5. Umhlinzeki
I-TRUNNO ingumkhiqizi owaziwa emhlabeni wonke we-Spherical alumina futhi ehlinzeka ngezinhlanganisela ezingaphezu kwe 12 iminyaka yobungcweti bekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yama-nanomaterials namanye amakhemikhali. Le nkampani ithuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziyimpuphu namakhemikhali. Nikeza isevisi ye-OEM. Uma udinga ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-Spherical alumina, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi. Ungachofoza umkhiqizo ukuze uxhumane nathi.
Omaka: I-alumina eyindilinga, i-alumina, i-aluminium oxide
Zonke izindatshana nezithombe zivela ku-inthanethi. Uma kukhona izinkinga ze-copyright, sicela usithinte kusenesikhathi ukuze ususe.
Sibuze