1. Imigaqo yeMveliso kunye neNdawo yokuHlala ye-Alumina Ceramics
1.1 Iinto zokuzilungisa, I-Crystallography, kunye noKhuseleko lweSigaba
(I-Alumina iCrucible)
Izikhephe ze-alumina ziinqanawa ezenziwe ngobunjineli ezichanekileyo ezenziwe ubukhulu becala nge-aluminiyam oxide. (Al ₂ O ZIMBINI), enye yezona porcelain zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuxubana okungaqhelekanga kwe-thermal., oomatshini, kunye nokhuseleko lwekhemikhali.
Isigaba esikhokelayo se-crystalline kule crucibles yi-alpha-alumina (α-Al zimbini O ₃), evela kwisakhelo se-corundum– Isicwangciso esivaliweyo esinehexagonal se-oxygen ion kunye nesibini esithathwini se-octahedral interstices ehlala ii-ion ze-aluminiyam ezinobunzima obuthathu..
Oku kupakishwa kweatom engqingqwa kukhokelela kwi-ionic eyomeleleyo kunye ne-covalent bonding, ukubonelela ngeqondo eliphezulu lokunyibilika (2072 °C), ubulukhuni obubalaseleyo (9 kwisikali seMohs), kunye nokumelana nokuchwechwa kunye nokuguqulwa kumanqanaba obushushu aphakamileyo.
Ngelixa i-alumina ecocekileyo ifanelekile kwizicelo ezininzi, trace dopants ezifana ne-magnesium oxide (MgO) ziqhele ukongezwa ngexesha lokuntywila ukuthintela ukukhula okuziinkozo kunye nokwandisa ukufana kwe-microstructural, ngoko ke kwandiswa ukuqina koomatshini kunye nokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal.
Ukucoceka kwesigaba se-α-Al ₂ O ezintlanu kubalulekile; izigaba ze-alumina zenguqu (umz., c, d, i) Ezo fom kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi ziyametastable kwaye zenza uhlengahlengiso lobungakanani ekuguqulelweni kwinqanaba le-alpha, okunokubangela ukuphuka okanye ukusilela phantsi kwebhayisekile eshushu.
1.2 IMicrostructure kunye noLawulo lwePorosity kwiCrucible Construction
Ukusebenza kwe-alumina crucible kuchaphazeleka kakhulu yi-microstructure yayo, eqikelelwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yomgubo, ukuphuhlisa, kunye nezigaba sintering.
Ubunyulu obuphezulu be-alumina powders (ngokuqhelekileyo 99.5% ukuya 99.99% Al ₂ O EZINTATHU) zenziwa kanye zibe ziintlobo ezinqamlezileyo zisebenzisa ubuchule obufana noxinzelelo lwe-uniaxial, ukucinezela isostatic, okanye ukusasaza isilayidi, ithotyelwe ngokutshisa kumanqanaba obushushu phakathi 1500 ° C kunye 1700 °C.
Ngexesha sintering, iindlela zokusasaza ziqhuba ukuhlangana kwamaqhekeza, ukunciphisa i-porosity kunye nokunyusa ubukhulu– ngokungcono ukuphumeza > 99% ubukhulu bezemfundo ukunciphisa ukuvuza kulwakhiwo kunye nokungena kweekhemikhali.
I-microstructures ene-fine-grained iphucula amandla omatshini kunye nokuchasana noxinzelelo lwe-thermal, ngelixa i-porosity elawulwayo (kwamanye amabanga alungiselelweyo) kunokonyusa ukunyamezelwa kobushushu ngokuchitha amandla oxinzelelo.
Umphezulu womhlaba nawo uyimfuneko: indawo yangaphakathi egudileyo inciphisa iindawo zenucleation kwiimpendulo ezingafunekiyo kwaye inceda ekupheliseni lula izinto ezomeleziweyo emva kokuphatha..
Ijometri yeCrucible– ebandakanya ubukhulu bodonga, igophe, kunye nesimbo sesiseko– inyuswe ukulinganisa ukusebenza kodluliselo olufudumeleyo, uzinzo lwesakhiwo, kunye nokuchasana nemithambeka ye-thermal ngexesha lokufudumeza kwekhaya ngokukhawuleza okanye ukupholisa.
( I-Alumina iCrucible)
2. Ukunyangwa kweThermal kunye neChemical kwiNdawo eziNgqongileyo
2.1 Ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neMikhwa yokuTshameka kweThermal
Imibhobho ye-alumina isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiatmospheres ezigqwesileyo 1600 °C, ukubenza babaluleke kuphando lweemveliso zobushushu obuphezulu, ukucokisa intsimbi, kunye neenkqubo zophuhliso lwekristale.
Babonisa ukunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal (~ 30 W/m · K), leyo, ngelixa unciphisa amazinga okufudumala okufudumala, Ngokukwanjalo ibonelela ngeqondo lokugqunyelelwa kwe-thermal kwaye inceda ukugcina inqanaba lobushushu lemitha yemitha eyimfuneko ekuqinisweni kwecala okanye ukunyibilika kwendawo..
Ubunzima obubalulekileyo kukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal– amandla okumelana nokutshintsha kobushushu obungalindelekanga ngaphandle kokuphuka.
Nangona i-alumina ine-coefficient ephantsi ngokufanelekileyo yokukhula kwe-thermal (~ 8 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K), Ukuqina kwayo okuphezulu kunye nokuqina kwayo kuyenza ithande ukwaphuka xa isekwe kwimithamo ephezulu yobushushu., ngokukodwa ngexesha lokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza okanye ukucima.
Ukunciphisa oku, abantu ngabanye bayacetyiswa ukuba babambelele kwiinkqubo ezilawulwayo ze-ramping, tshisa izikhephe ngokucothayo, kwaye ugweme ukuvezwa ngokuthe ngqo ukuvula amadangatye okanye iindawo ezipholileyo zomhlaba.
Amabanga aphakamileyo abandakanya i-zirconia (ZrO ZIMBINI) ukomeleza okanye ukulinganiswa kweengoma ukunyusa ukuxhathisa kokuqhekeka ngeendlela ezinje ngokuphuculwa kweqonga okanye ukucinezeleka okushiyekileyo kunye nokuvelisa ixhala..
2.2 Ukunganyanzeli kweMichiza kunye nokuhambelana nokuNyibilika okuphendulayo
Enye yeenzuzo ezichazayo zezikhonkwane ze-alumina kukungangeni kweekhemikhali ukuya kwiindidi ezininzi zeentsimbi ezinyibilikisiweyo., iioksidi, kunye neetyuwa.
Baxhathisa kakhulu kwii-slags ezisisiseko, iiglasi ezimanzi, kunye neengxube ezininzi zesinyithi, kuquka intsimbi, nickel, icobalt, kunye neeoksidi zabo, eyenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kuvavanyo lwe-metallurgical, imifuniselo ye-thermogravimetric, kunye ne-ceramic sintering.
Nangona kunjalo, azizinzanga kwihlabathi jikelele: i-alumina iphendula ngotshintsho oluneasidi kakhulu njengephosphoric acid okanye i-boron trioxide xa kushushu, kwaye inokugqwaliswa yi-antacid enyibilikisiweyo njenge-salti hydroxide okanye i-potassium carbonate.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi ukusebenzisana kwabo kunye nesinyithi se-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium-rich alloys, leyo inokunciphisa Al ezimbini O ezine ngokusebenzisa impendulo: 2Al + NgeZimbini O Zine → 3Zimbini O (i-suboxide), ukuzisa ukulingana kunye nokusilela ekugqibeleni.
Ngendlela efanayo, titanium, zirconium, kunye neentsimbi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zibonisa ukusebenza kwakhona okuphezulu nge-alumina, ukwenza i-aluminides okanye ii-oxides ezintsonkothileyo ezibeka esichengeni uzinzo kunye nokungcolisa ukunyibilika..
Ngezicelo ezinjalo, enye imathiriyeli ye-crucible efana ne-yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), boron nitride (BN), okanye molybdenum zithandwa.
3. Izicelo kuPhando lwezeNzululwazi kunye neNkqubo yoShishino
3.1 Umsebenzi kwi-Materials Synthesis kunye nokuKhula kweCrystal
Izikhonkwane ze-alumina zezona ziphambili kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa kobushushu obuphezulu, equka ukusabela kombuso oqinileyo, utshintsho uphuhliso, kunye nokuphathwa okunyibilikayo kweeseramikhi eziluncedo kunye ne-intermetallics.
Kwikhemistri yelizwe eliqinileyo, zisebenza njengezikhongozeli ezingasebenziyo zomgubo wecalcining, ukuvelisa phosphors, okanye ukulungiselela iimveliso ze-precursor ye-lithium-ion battery cathodes.
Kwiindlela zokuphuhlisa i-crystal ezifana neendlela zeCzochralski okanye zeBridgman, iicrucibles zealumina zisetyenziselwa ukuqulatha iioksidi ezinyibilikisiweyo njenge yttrium aluminiyam garnet. (YAG) okanye iiglasi ze-neodymium-doped ze-laser applications.
Ubunyulu babo obuphezulu buqinisekisa ukungcoliseka okuncinci kwekristale ekhulayo, ngeli lixa uzinzo lwazo lomda ligcina iingxaki zokukhula okuphinda-phindaneyo kwisithuba esandisiweyo.
Ekukhuleni okuguquguqukayo, apho iikristale ezizimeleyo zandiswa ukusuka kwi-solvent enobushushu obuphezulu, I-alumina crucibles kufuneka imelane nokutshatyalaliswa ngesixhobo sokuhamba– ngokuqhelekileyo borates okanye molybdates– idinga ukhetho olunononophelo lwebakala lokubethelwa kunye neenkcukacha zokuqhuba.
3.2 Ukusetyenziswa kwi-Analytical Chemistry kunye ne-Industrial Melting Operations
Kwiilebhu zohlalutyo, I-alumina crucibles zizixhobo eziqhelekileyo kuhlalutyo lwe-thermogravimetric (TGA) kunye nekhalorimetry yokuskena eyahlukileyo (DSC), apho imilinganiselo yobunzima echanekileyo yenziwa phantsi kwee-ambiences ezilawulwayo kunye neerempu zobushushu.
Ubume babo obungeyo-magnetic, ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwe-thermal, kunye nokuhambelana ne-inert kunye ne-oxidizing izicwangciso zibenza bagqibelele kwimilinganiselo echanekileyo enjalo.
Kuseto lwentengiso, I-alumina crucibles isetyenziselwa ukufakwa kunye nokumelana neenkqubo zokufudumeza ukunyibilika kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba., ukudibanisa, kunye neenkqubo zokuphosa, ngokukodwa kwizacholo, ngomlomo, kunye nokuveliswa kwenxalenye ye-aerospace.
Zikwasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweeporcelain zobugcisa, apho umgubo okrwada utshizwa okanye ucinezelwe shushu ngaphakathi kweeseti ze-alumina kunye nezikrolo zokuthintela ukungcoliseka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufudumeza okungaguqukiyo..
4. Ukulinganiselwa, Ukuhlangabezana Noqheliselo, kunye noPhuculo lweMveliso yexesha elizayo
4.1 Izithintelo zokuSebenza kunye neZiqhelo eziNgcono zoBomi obude
Ngaphandle kokuqina kwabo, I-alumina crucibles inemida yokusebenza eyahlukileyo ekufuneka ixatyiswe ukwenza ukhuseleko oluthile kunye nokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle..
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kuhlala kusesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokusilela; ngenxa yoko, Imijikelo yokufudumeza ikhaya eqhubela phambili kunye nokupholisa kuyafuneka, ngakumbi xa utshintsha kunye nama-400– 600 ° C uluhlu apho amaxhala aphindaphindiweyo anokuqokelela khona.
Umonakalo weMechanical ukusuka ekungcoleni, ibhayisekile eshushu, okanye ufowunele ngeemveliso ezomeleleyo unokuqalisa ii-microcracks ezijikeleza phantsi koxinzelelo.
Ukucoca kufuneka kuqhutywe ngononophelo– ukuhlala ucacile ekucimeni kwe-thermal okanye iindlela ezingathandekiyo– kunye nezikhonkwane ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zitshekishwe izikhombisi ze-spalling, ukuguquka kwebala, okanye i-deformation ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Ukungcoliseka ngokunqamlezayo yenye inkxalabo: izikhonkwane ezisetyenziselwa imveliso eziphendulayo okanye eziyingozi akufuneki ziphinde zisetyenziselwe ucoceko oluphezulu ngaphandle kokucocwa kakhulu okanye kufuneka zilahlwe ngaphandle..
4.2 Iipateni ezikhulayo kwiiNkqubo zeAlumina eziDityanisiweyo
Ukwandisa izakhono ze-alumina crucibles eziqhelekileyo, abaphandi benza iimveliso ezihlanganisiweyo kunye nezisebenzayo.
Iziganeko ziquka i-alumina-zirconia (Al ₂ MALUNGA NEZINTATHU-ZrO EZIMBINI) iikhompawundi eziphucula ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal, okanye i-alumina-silicon carbide (Zonke ezimbini O AMATHANDATHU-SiC) iinguqu eziphucula ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ukwenzela ukufudumeza okufanayo kwekhaya.
Ukwalekwa komphezulu ngeeoksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo (umz., yttria okanye scandia) ziyajongwa ukuphuhlisa umqobo wokusasaza ngokuchasene neentsimbi eziphendulayo, ngoko kwandisa uluhlu lwezinyibilikisi ezifanelekileyo.
Ukongeza, ukuveliswa okongeziweyo kwamacandelo e-alumina kuvela, ivumela iijiyometri zecrucible ezenziwe ngokwesiko kunye nemijelo yangaphakathi yokulandelela ubushushu okanye ukuhamba kwegesi, ukuvula amathuba amatsha kulawulo lwenkqubo kunye nesimbo sereactor.
Ukushwankathela, i-alumina crucibles iyaqhubeka ibe sisiseko sezinto ezintsha zokushisa okuphezulu, baxatyiswe ngengqibelelo yabo, ubunyulu, kunye nokulula kuwo wonke amagama esizinda seklinikhi kunye nezorhwebo.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwabo ngendaleko ngobunjineli be-microstructural kunye noyilo lwezinto ezixutyiweyo ziqinisekisa ukuba ziya kuhlala zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zophando lwesayensi., ubuchwepheshe bamandla, kunye nemveliso ephezulu.
5. Umboneleli
I-Alumina Technology Co., Ltd igxile kuphando kunye nophuhliso, ukuveliswa kunye nokuthengiswa kwe-aluminium oxide powder, iimveliso ze-aluminium oxide, i-aluminium oxide crucible, njl., ukusebenzela i-elektroniki, iiseramikhi, Iikhemikhali kunye namanye amashishini. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo kwi 2005, inkampani izibophelele ekuboneleleni abathengi ngezona mveliso kunye neenkonzo ezingcono. Ukuba ujonge umgangatho ophezulu i-alumina ye-crucible enesiciko, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi.
Iithegi: I-Alumina iCrucible, i-alumina ye-crucible, i-aluminium oxide crucible
Onke amanqaku kunye nemifanekiso avela kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiba ye-copyright, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ngexesha lokucima.
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