1. Ukwenziwa kunye neePropati zoKwakha zeQuartz eFused
1.1 Inethiwekhi ye-Amorphous kunye nokuzinza kweThermal
(IiCrucible zeQuartz)
I-Quartz crucibles zizikhongozeli eziphezulu zokushisa ezenziwe kwi-silica edibeneyo, uhlobo olwenziweyo lwesilicon dioxide (SiO ₂) evela ekunyibilikeni kweekristale zequartz zendalo kumanqanaba obushushu agqithayo 1700 °C.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-quartz yekristale, i-silica ehlanganisiweyo ine-amorphous-dimensional network ye-amorphous yokwabelana ngekona ye-SiO ₄ tetrahedra, ehambisa ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye nokhuseleko lwe-dimensional phantsi kohlengahlengiso olukhawulezayo lobushushu.
Esi sikhokelo seathom esiphazamisekileyo sikhusela esifubeni ecaleni kweenqwelomoya zecrystallographic, ukwenza i-silica edibeneyo ingabi sesichengeni sokuqhekeka kuyo yonke ibhayisekile eshushu xa kuthelekiswa neeporcelain zepolycrystalline.
Imveliso ibonisa i-coefficient ephantsi yophuhliso lwe-thermal (~ 0.5 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K), enye yezona zinto ziphantsi phakathi kwezixhobo zobunjineli, Iyenza ikwazi ukunyamezela ithambeka elishushu ngaphandle kokwaphuka– Isakhiwo esibalulekileyo kwi-semiconductor kunye nokuveliswa kweeseli zelanga.
Isilica edityanisiweyo igcina ubungangeni beekhemikhali obukhethekileyo ngokuchasene neeasidi ezininzi, iintsimbi ezinamanzi, kunye ne-slags, nangona inokukrolwa kancinci kancinci nge-hydrofluoric acid kunye ne-asidi ye-phosphoric eshushu.
Indawo yayo yokuthambisa ephezulu (~ 1600– 1730 °C, kuxhomekeke kubunyulu kunye nemathiriyeli ye-OH) ivumela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kumaqondo obushushu aphakanyisiweyo afunekayo ekuphuhliseni ikristale kunye neenkqubo zokucokisa intsimbi.
1.2 UkuHlwengulwa koBunyulu kunye noLawulo lwezondlo ezincinci
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quartz crucibles kusekelwe kakhulu kwi-chemical pureness, ngakumbi ugxininiso lwezinto ezingcolisa isinyithi ezifana nentsimbi, sodium, ipotassium, ukukhanya kwe-aluminiyam, kunye ne-titanium.
Khangela izixa (amalungu ngokwesigidi kwinqanaba) kobu kungcola kunokungena kwi-silicon etyhidiweyo ngexesha lophuhliso lwekristale, ukuwohloka kwezakhiwo zombane zeziphumo ze-semiconductor.
Iimpawu zokucoceka okuphezulu ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane ukuvelisa zidla ngokubandakanya ngaphezulu 99.95% SiO ₂, ngeeoksidi zentsimbi yealkali zithintelwe ngaphantsi kakhulu kune 10 ppm kunye neentsimbi zotshintsho ngezantsi 1 ppm.
Izinto ezingcolisayo zivela kwi-quartz ekrwada yokutya okanye kwizixhobo zokuphatha kwaye zincitshiswa ngokukhethwa okucingisisiweyo kwemithombo yezimbiwa kunye neendlela zokucoca ezifana ne-acid leaching kunye nokhuseleko lokudada..
Ukwengeza, ihydroxyl (OH) umxholo wewebhu kwisilica exutyiweyo uchaphazela izenzo zayo ze-thermomechanical; Iintlobo eziphezulu ze-OH zibonelela ngokugqithiswa ngcono kwe-UV kodwa ukuzinza okuphantsi kwe-thermal, ngelixa iinguqulelo ezisezantsi ze-OH zikhethwa kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yophuhliso oluncitshisiweyo lweqamza.
( IiCrucible zeQuartz)
2. Inkqubo yeMveliso kunye noYilo lweMicrostructural
2.1 I-Electrofusion kunye ne-Forming Strategy
I-quartz crucibles yenziwa ikakhulu nge-electrofusion, inkqubo apho umgubo wequartz obusulungekileyo obuphezulu utyiswa kwi-graphite ukungunda kunye nokungunda ngaphakathi kwesifudumezi sombane se-arc.
I-arc yombane eyenziwa phakathi kwe-carbon electrode inyibilikisa i-quartz bits, eqinisa umaleko ngokomaleko ukwenza umthungo, i-crucible crucible form.
Obu buchule buvelisa i-fine-grained, i-microstructure ene-homogeneous enamaqamza amancinci kunye ne-striae, kubalulekile ukujikeleza okufudumeleyo kunye nokuzinza koomatshini.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngokudityaniswa kweplasma kunye nokudityaniswa komlilo zisetyenziselwa usetyenziso olukhethekileyo olufuna ungcoliseko oluphantsi kakhulu okanye iinkcukacha zeprofayili yoxinaniso eludongeni..
Emva kokudubula, iibhola zihamba ngokupholisa okulawulwayo (ukuhlamba) ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuyeka ukuphuka okuzenzekelayo ngexesha lesisombululo.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu, equka ukucola nokuqaqambisa, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional kwaye ithoba iindawo ze-nucleation ze-crystallization engafunekiyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
2.2 UbuNjineli boMaleko weCrystalline kunye noLawulo lwe-Opacity
Uphawu oluchazayo lweecrucible zequartz zangoku, ngakumbi ezo zisetyenziselwa ukuqiniswa kwecala le-silicon ye-multicrystalline, sisikhokelo esenziweyo sangaphakathi.
Kuyo yonke imveliso, indawo yangaphakathi yangaphakathi isoloko ijongwa ngokubhengeza uphuhliso olubhityileyo, umaleko olawulwayo wecristobalite– i-polymorph yobushushu obuphezulu be-SiO TWO– ekufudumezweni kokuqala kwekhaya.
Lo maleko we-cristobalite usebenza njengomqobo wokusasaza, ukunciphisa intsebenziswano ethe tye phakathi kwesilicon etyhidiweyo kunye ne-silica edibeneyo ephantsi, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ioksijini kunye nokungcoliseka kwesinyithi.
Ngaphezu koko, ukubonakala kwesi sigaba se-crystalline kwandisa ukukhanya, ukomeleza ukufunxwa kwimitha ye-infrared kunye nokuthengisa ngakumbi ukujikeleza kwamaqondo obushushu ngaphakathi kokunyibilika.
Abaphuhlisi beCrucible bazinzisa ngobungqingqwa kunye nodibaniso lwalo maleko ukunqanda ukuphalala okanye ukwahlula ngenxa yotshintsho lwevolumu ngexesha lotshintsho..
3. UkuSebenza ngokuSebenzayo kwizicelo zoBubushushu obuphezulu
3.1 Umsebenzi kwiiNkqubo zoPhuhliso lweCrystal yeSilicon
I-Quartz crucibles ibalulekile ekuveliseni i-silicon ye-monocrystalline kunye ne-multicrystalline, isebenza njengesitya sokuqala sesilicon enyibilikisiweyo eCzochralski (CZ) kunye neenkqubo zokuqiniswa kolwalathiso (I-DS).
Kwinkqubo yeCZ, Ikristale yembewu ifakwe kanye kwisilicon enyibilikisiweyo egcinwe kwicrucible yequartz kwaye ngokucothayo izoba phezulu ngelixa ijika., ukuvumela i-ingots enye-crystal ukuba iphuhlise.
Nangona i-crucible ayithethi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-crystal ekhulayo, Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwesilicon enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-SiO ₂ imiphezulu eludongeni kuzisa ukunyibilika kweoksijini kwinyibilika., ezinokuphembelela ubomi bomboneleli wenkonzo kunye namandla oomatshini kwiiwafers ezigqityiweyo.
Kwiinkqubo ze-DS ze-silicon ye-photovoltaic-grade, iicrucibles ezinkulu zequartz zenza kube lula ukupholisa okulawulwayo kwamakhulu eekhilogram zesilicon enyibilikisiweyo kwiingots ezimilise okwebhloko..
Apha, izigqubuthelo ezifana nesilicon nitride (Sihlanu N ESINE) zifakwa kumphezulu ongaphakathi ukunqanda ibhondi kwaye uncedise ekuqalisweni okulula kwebhloko yesilicon eqinisiweyo emva kokuphola phantsi.
3.2 Izixhobo zokutshabalalisa kunye nokulinganiselwa koBomi beNkonzo
Phezu kwabo nje ubunzima, Iicrucibles zequartz ziwohloka kuyo yonke imijikelo ephindwe kabini yobushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yezixhobo ezininzi ezinxulumeneyo..
Umqukuqelo oshinyeneyo okanye ungquzulwano lwenzeka ngexesha lokutyhileka ngokuthe ngqo kwixesha elide 1400 °C, kubangela udonga oluncinci kunye nokulahlekelwa kokunyaniseka kwejometri.
I-crystallization ye-silica edibeneyo ilungile kwi-cristobalite yenza uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye namaxhala ngenxa yophuhliso lomthamo., enokwenzeka ukuba idale iintanda okanye i-spallation engcolisa ukunyibilika.
Ukhukuliseko lwekhemikhali luvela kwiimpendulo ezinciphileyo phakathi kwesilicon enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-SiO TWO: SiO ZIMBINI + Si → 2SiO(g), ukuvelisa i-silicon monoxide eguquguqukayo eshiya kwaye yonakalise umphezulu wodonga lwe-crucible.
Uphuhliso lwebhamuza, iqhutywa ziigesi ezivalelekileyo okanye amaqela e-OH, okongeziweyo kubeka emngciphekweni amandla okwakheka kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal.
Ezi ndlela zokuwohloka zinciphisa umda wokuphinda kusetyenziswe imijikelo kwaye zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo ukuze kunyuswe ubomi obunqamlekileyo kunye nemveliso yemveliso..
4. Uphuhliso oluvelayo kunye nohlengahlengiso lobuchwephesha
4.1 Iingubo kunye nokuguqulwa kweCompound
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, i-quartz crucibles eqhubekileyo idibanisa ukugubungela okusebenzayo kunye nezakhiwo ezidibeneyo.
I-silicon esekwe kwi-anti-sticking layers kunye nokugqitywa kwe-silica eneziyobisi kukhulisa iimpawu zokukhulula kunye nokunciphisa ukuphuma kweoksijini ngexesha lokunyibilika..
Abanye abavelisi badibanisa i-zirconia (ZrO ₂) amasuntswana kwindawo eludongeni crucible ukwandisa amandla oomatshini kunye nokumelana devitrification.
Uphando luqhubeleka ngqo kwizikhonkwane ezicace ngokupheleleyo okanye ezilungelelanisiweyo eziphuhliselwe ukunyusa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu obuqaqambileyo kwisizukulwana esilandelayo soyilo lwenkqubo yokufudumeza kwelanga..
4.2 Uzinzo kunye nemingeni yokuRisayikilishwa
Ngokuphakamisa imfuno evela kwi-semiconductor kunye ne-photovoltaic industries, Ukusetyenziswa okungapheliyo kwee-quartz crucibles kuye kwaba yinkxalabo.
Izikhonkwane ezisetyenzisiweyo ezingcoliswe ngediphozithi ye-silicon kunzima ukuphinda zisetyenziswe ngenxa yeengozi zokungcoliseka., okukhokelela ekuveliseni inkunkuma eninzi.
Amalinge agxile ekuphuhliseni iilinen ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, iinkqubo zokucoca eziphuculweyo, kunye neenkqubo ezivaliweyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ukuphinda zihlaziye i-silica ecocekileyo kwizicelo ezongezelelweyo.
Njengoko izixhobo ezisebenzayo zifuna ubunyulu bezinto ezihlala ziphezulu, umsebenzi we-quartz crucibles ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuhlala uhambela phambili kunye nenkqubela phambili kwisayensi yeemveliso kunye noyilo lwenkqubo.
Kushwankathelo, ii-quartz crucibles zibonisa ujongano olubalulekileyo lomsebenzisi phakathi kwezibonelelo kunye neemveliso ze-elektroniki ezisebenza kakhulu.
Indibaniselwano yabo enye-of-a-uhlobo lobunyulu, amandla thermal, kunye nesitayile solwakhiwo senza ukuba kwenziwe itekhnoloji esekwe kwisilicon yanamhlanje enika amandla ikhompyuter yangoku kunye neenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo..
5. Umboneleli
Advanced Ceramics yasekwa ngo-Oktobha 17, 2012, lishishini lobugcisa obuphezulu elizinikele kuphando nophuhliso, imveliso, ukuqhubekeka, ukuthengisa kunye neenkonzo zobugcisa bezixhobo ze-ceramic ezinxulumene ne-Alumina Ceramic Balls. Iimveliso zethu ziquka kodwa aziphelelanga kwiiMveliso zeCeramic zeBoron Carbide, IiMveliso zeCeramic zeBoron Nitride, Iimveliso zeCeramic zeSilicon Carbide, Iimveliso zeCeramic zeSilicon Nitride, IZirconium Dioxide yeeMveliso zeCeramic, njl. Ukuba unomdla, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi.([email protected])
Iithegi: iibhola zequartz,i-quartz crucible edibeneyo,i-quartz crucible ye-silicon
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