1. Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Quartz Ceramics
1.1 Tshuaj Pureness thiab Crystalline-rau-Amorphous Hloov
(Quartz Ceramics)
Quartz porcelains, zoo li no hu ua merged silica los yog integrated quartz, yog ib chav kawm ntawm kev ua tau zoo tsis yog cov khoom ntuj tsim los ntawm silicon dioxide (SIJ OB) nyob rau hauv nws ultra-ntshiab, uas tsis yog crystalline (amorphous) zoo.
Tsis zoo li cov pa ceramics uas tso siab rau cov txheej txheem polycrystalline, quartz porcelains yog txawv los ntawm lawv qhov tsis muaj tag nrho cov txwv tsis pub dhau los ntawm lawv cov lustrous, isotropic network ntawm SiO ₄ tetrahedra adjoined nyob rau hauv peb-dimensional arbitrary network.
Qhov no amorphous moj khaum yog tau los ntawm high-temperature melting ntawm ntuj quartz muaju los yog hluavtaws silica precursors, adhered los ntawm ceev txias kom tsis txhob tsim.
Cov khoom tshwm sim suav nrog feem ntau dhau 99.9% SiO ₂, nrog cov kab mob paug xws li alkali steels (Qhov ntawd yog ⁺, K ⁺), aluminium, thiab hlau tswj qhov chaw-ib lab qib los tiv thaiv qhov muag pom kev pom tseeb, hluav taws xob resistivity, thiab thermal efficiency.
Qhov tsis muaj kev txiav txim ntev ntev tshem tawm cov kev ua anisotropic, ua quartz ceramics dimensionally khov kho thiab mechanically zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia– ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv thov raug.
1.2 Thermal Behavior thiab Resistance rau Thermal Shock
Ntawm cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm quartz ceramics yog lawv cov coefficient tsawg heev ntawm thermal expansion (CTE), ib txwm nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.55 × 10 ⁻⁶ / K nruab nrab 20 ° C thiab 300 ° C.
Qhov kev loj hlob ze-zero no tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv Si– O– Si daim ntawv cog lus kaum hauv lub amorphous network, uas tuaj yeem kho nyob rau hauv thermal stress yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, tso cai rau cov khoom kom tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias hloov kho uas yuav ua rau tawg tsoos porcelains lossis steels.
Quartz ceramics tuaj yeem tiv taus thermal shocks tshaj 1000 ° C, xws li ncaj immersion nyob rau hauv dej tom qab sov so rau rhuab kub theem, tsis tawg los yog spalling.
Lub tsev no ua rau lawv tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw xws li rov ua cua sov thiab ua kom txias mus, xws li semiconductor ua cua sov tshuab, aerospace ntsiab, thiab high-siv teeb systems.
Ntxiv rau, quartz ceramics khaws architectural ncaj ncees mus txog qhov kub thiab txias theem ntawm roughly 1100 ° C hauv kev daws teeb meem txuas ntxiv, nrog ib ntus direct exposure tsis kam mus txog 1600 ° C nyob rau hauv inert ambiences.
( Quartz Ceramics)
Yav dhau los thermal shock kuj, lawv pom cov kub softening siab (~ 1600 ° C )thiab zoo heev tsis kam mus devitrification– txawm hais tias ntev direct raug tshaj 1200 ° C tuaj yeem pib tsim qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cristobalite, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog vim kev hloov kho kom muaj nuj nqis thoob plaws hauv theem hloov.
2. Kho qhov muag, Hluav taws xob, thiab tshuaj zoo ntawm Fused Silica Equipment
2.1 Broadband Transparency thiab Photonic Applications
Quartz ceramics muaj npe nrov rau lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws optical kis tau tus mob thoob plaws qhov loj spooky array, prolonging los ntawm qhov tob ultraviolet (UV) ntawm ~ 180 nm rau ze-infrared (THIAB) ntawm ~ 2500 nm.
Qhov kev qhib no tau tso cai los ntawm qhov tsis muaj impurities thiab homogeneity ntawm amorphous network, uas minimizes lub teeb kis thiab nqus.
High-purity hluavtaws merged silica, tsim los ntawm nplaim hydrolysis ntawm silicon chlorides, attains kuj siab dua UV kis tau tus mob thiab yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li excimer laser optics, photolithography lo ntsiab muag, thiab telescopes ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov khoom siv siab laser kev puas tsuaj txwv– tiv thaiv tawg nyob rau hauv huab cua pulsed laser irradiation– ua rau nws zoo meej rau high-zog laser tshuab siv nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam machining.
Ntxiv thiab, nws tsis tshua muaj autofluorescence thiab hluav taws xob tsis kam lees kev ntseeg siab hauv kev soj ntsuam ntsuas ntsuas, suav nrog spectrometers, UV kho tshuab, thiab cov cuab yeej nrhiav nuclear.
2.2 Dielectric Performance thiab Chemical Inertness
Los ntawm kev pom hluav taws xob, quartz porcelains yog tshwj xeeb insulators nrog kom muaj nuj nqis resistivity tshaj 10 ¹⁸ Ω · centimeters ntawm qhov chaw kub thiab ib tug dielectric tas li ntawm roughly 3.8 ntawm 1 MHz.
Lawv txo dielectric poob tangent (tsi d < 0.0001) makes certain very little power dissipation in high-frequency and high-voltage applications, making them ideal for microwave home windows, radar domes, and insulating substrates in electronic assemblies.
Cov tsev no tseem muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj qhov kub thiab txias, tsis zoo li ntau cov polymers los yog cov qauv porcelains uas tsis muaj zog hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv thermal stress thiab ntxhov siab vim.
Tshuaj, quartz plooj (porcelains) tso saib inertness zoo rau feem ntau ntawm cov kua qaub, muaj hydrochloric, nitric, thiab sulfuric acids, vim kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Si– O daim ntawv cog lus.
Txawm li cas los xij, Lawv yog cov yooj yim mus tua los ntawm hydrofluoric acid (HF) thiab khoom antacids xws li kub sodium hydroxide, uas ua kev puas tsuaj rau Si– O– Sib network.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo no yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem microfabrication uas yuav tsum tau tswj etching ntawm kev sib xyaw silica..
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam hnyav– xws li kev siv tshuaj, semiconductor cov rooj zaum ntub dej, thiab high-purity kua tuav– quartz ceramics ua haujlwm li hauv ob sab phlu, tsom iav, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob reactor qhov twg yuav tsum muaj kev sib kis tsawg.
3. Cov Txheej Txheem Ntau Lawm thiab Geometric Engineering ntawm Quartz Ceramic Elements
3.1 Thawing thiab tsim cov tswv yim
Kev tsim cov quartz ceramics suav nrog ntau qhov tshwj xeeb melting mus kom ze, txhua tus tailored rau tej purity thiab daim ntawv thov xav tau.
Hluav taws xob arc melting ua rau siv high-purity quartz xuab zeb thawed nyob rau hauv ib tug dej-txias tooj liab crucible nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog inert gas, tsim cov boules loj lossis cov raj uas muaj cov thermal zoo heev thiab cov neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw lossis cov khoom lag luam.
Nplaim sib xyaw, los yog combustion synthesis, entails hlawv silicon tetrachloride (SiCl ₄) hauv qhov hluav taws kub hydrogen-oxygen, Hloov cov silica fragments uas sinter rau hauv pob tshab preform– Txoj hauv kev no tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo tshaj plaws thiab yog siv rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws silica.
Plasma melting siv lwm yam kev kawm, muab ultra-siab kub thiab kev ua paug tsis muaj paug rau cov niche aerospace tshwj xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv daim ntawv thov.
Thaum yaj, quartz ceramics tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm qhov raug casting, centrifugal kev loj hlob (rau lub cev), los yog CNC machining ntawm pre-sintered qhov chaw.
Vim lawv brittleness, machining hu rau cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond thiab ceev faj tswj kom tsis txhob muaj microcracking.
3.2 Kev tsim khoom raug thiab qhov chaw ua kom tiav
Quartz ceramic Cheebtsam feem ntau tau ua txoj cai rau hauv intricate geometry xws li crucibles, cov raj, rods, qhov rais, thiab customized insulators rau semiconductor, hnub ci, thiab laser sectors.
Dimensional precision yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv semiconductor ntau lawm qhov twg quartz susceptors thiab tswb thawv xav tau kom muaj meej tso thiab thermal sib raug zoo.
Surface ua kom tiav plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm; polished nto thaj chaw txo lub teeb tawg hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab txo qhov chaw nucleation rau devitrification hauv cov ntawv siv kub.
Engraving nrog buffered HF cov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem tsim kev tswj xyuas qhov chaw pom lossis tshem tawm cov txheej txheem puas tom qab machining.
Rau lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum ultra-siab (UHV) tshuab, quartz porcelains yog ntxuav thiab ci kom tshem tawm cov pa roj av adsorbed, guaranteeing marginal outgassing thiab compatibility nrog ilv txheej txheem zoo li molecular beam ntawm lub teeb epitaxy (MBE).
4. Kev lag luam thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm Quartz Ceramics
4.1 Lub luag haujlwm hauv Semiconductor thiab Photovoltaic Production
Quartz ceramics yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hnub ci, qhov twg lawv ua hauj lwm raws li cov tub rauv, wafer watercrafts (raug txim), thiab diffusion chav.
Lawv lub peev xwm los tuav cov cua sov hauv oxidizing, txo qis, los yog inert atmospheres– ua ke nrog txo cov hlau tsis huv– ua rau tej txheej txheem pureness thiab tawm los.
Thoob plaws hauv chemical vapor deposition (CVD) los yog thermal oxidation, quartz ntsiab khaws cia qhov ntev stability thiab sawv ntsug rau warping, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm wafer thiab kev tsis sib xws.
Hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci, quartz crucibles yog siv los nthuav monocrystalline silicon ingots ntawm Czochralski txheej txheem, qhov twg lawv purity ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau hluav taws xob sab saum toj zoo ntawm lub xeem hnub ci hlwb.
4.2 Kev siv hauv Teeb, Aerospace, thiab Analytical Instrumentation
Nyob rau hauv high-siv paug (HID) teeb thiab UV sterilization systems, quartz ceramic hnab ntawv muaj plasma arcs ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tshaj 1000 ° C thaum kis UV thiab pom lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Lawv cov thermal poob siab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub teeb ci nrawm thiab kaw lub voj voog.
Hauv aerospace, quartz ceramics yog siv nyob rau hauv radar qhov rais, sensing unit vaj tse, thiab thermal tiv thaiv tshuab vim lawv txo dielectric tas li, siab zog-rau-density piv, thiab kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv aerothermal loading.
Hauv analytical chemistry thiab kev tshawb fawb txog lub neej, merged silica veins yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov roj chromatography (GC) thiab capillary electrophoresis (CE), nyob qhov twg deg cheeb tsam inertness nres cov qauv adsorption thiab guarantees raug kev sib cais.
Tsis tas li ntawd, quartz siv lead ua microbalances (QCMs), uas nyob ntawm seb piezoelectric thaj thaj chaw ntawm crystalline quartz (txawv ntawm merged silica), siv quartz porcelains ua cov vaj tse tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev pab cuam hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau npe.
Hauv kev xaus, quartz ceramics sawv ntsug rau ib qho ntawm ib qho kev sib tshuam ntawm cov thermal resilience hnyav, optical qhib, thiab tshuaj purity.
Lawv lub moj khaum amorphous thiab siab SiO ob lub vev xaib ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov huab cua uas cov ntaub ntawv txheem tsis ua haujlwm, los ntawm lub plawv ntawm semiconductor fabs mus rau sab ntawm cheeb tsam.
Raws li thev naus laus zis nce mus rau qib siab dua, zoo dua precision, thiab cov txheej txheem huv, quartz porcelains yuav txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev nce qib thoob plaws kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam.
Distributor
Advanced Ceramics nrhiav tau rau lub Kaum Hlis 17, 2012, yog lub tuam txhab high-tech cog lus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, ntau lawm, ua, kev muag khoom thiab kev pabcuam ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic txheeb ze thiab cov khoom lag luam. Peb cov khoom suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau Boron Carbide Ceramic Cov Khoom, Boron Nitride Ceramic Khoom, Silicon Carbide Ceramic Khoom, Silicon Nitride Ceramic Khoom, Zirconium Dioxide Ceramic Khoom, lwm. Yog koj txaus siab, thov koj xav tiv tauj peb.([email protected])
Cim npe: Quartz Ceramics, ceramic tais, ceramic kav
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