1. Halabuurka Asaasiga ah iyo Tilmaamaha Dhismaha ee Quartz Ceramics
1.1 Nadiifinta Kiimikada iyo Beddelka kristal-to-Amorphous
(Quartz Ceramics)
Quartz porcelains, sidoo kale loo yaqaan silica la isku daray ama quartz isku dhafan, waa nooc wax qabad sare leh oo aan ahayn alaab dabiici ah oo ka timid silikoon dioxide (SiO TWO) in ay ultra saafiga ah, aan crystalline ahayn (amorphous) naxariis leh.
Si ka duwan ceramics-ka caadiga ah ee ku tiirsan qaab-dhismeedka polycrystalline, Quartz porcelains waxaa lagu kala soocaa maqnaanshahooda dhammaystiran ee xadka hadhuudhka taas oo ka dhalatay dhalaalkooda, Shabakadda isotropic ee SiO ₄ tetrahedra waxay ku dhegan tahay shabakad saddex-cabbir ah.
Qaab-dhismeedkan amorphous waxa lagu gaadhay heerkul sare oo dhalaalay kiristaalo quartz dabiici ah ama horudhac silica synthetic, ku dheggan qaboojin degdeg ah si loo joojiyo samaynta.
Alaabta ka soo baxday waxaa ku jira caadi ahaan dhammaatay 99.9% SiO ₂, oo leh sunta wasakhaysan sida birta alkali (Taasi waa, K ⁺), aluminium, iyo birta waxay ilaalisay qaybo-hal milyan oo heerar si loo ilaaliyo nadiifnimada indhaha, iska caabin koronto, iyo hufnaanta kulaylka.
La'aanta amarka fog-dheer waxay meesha ka saaraysaa ficilada anisotropic, samaynta dhoobada quartz si qoto dheer oo si farsamaysan u waafaqsan tilmaamaha oo dhan– faa'iido muhim ah ee codsiyada saxda ah.
1.2 Dabeecada kulaylka iyo iska caabinta shoogga kulaylka
Waxa ka mid ah hawlaha ugu cadcad ee ceramics-ka quartz waa isku-dheellitirkooda aadka u hooseeya ee ballaadhinta kulaylka (CTE), sida caadiga ah agagaarka 0.55 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K u dhexeeya 20 ° C iyo 300 ° C.
Kobaca eber-ku dhow wuxuu ka yimaadaa Si dabacsan– O– Si bond xaglaha ee shabakada amorphous, kaas oo la qabsan kara cadaadiska kulaylka iyada oo aan waxyeello loo geysan, U oggolaanshaha badeecada si ay ugu adkeysato hagaajinta heerka heerkulka degdega ah taas oo hubaal ah inay dildilaacayso dhoobada dhaqameed ama birta.
Ceramics Quartz waxay u adkeysan kartaa shoog kulaylka oo dhaafsiisan 1000 ° C, sida in si toos ah loo geliyo biyaha kadib kulaylka ilaa heerkulku kulaylka, iyada oo aan jabin ama dhuuqin.
Dhismahani waxa uu ka dhigayaa mid muhiim u ah goobaha ay ka mid yihiin kulaylinta soo noqnoqda iyo qaboojinta wareegyada, sida nidaamyada kuleyliyaha farsamaynta semiconductor, xubno hawada sare, iyo nidaamyada nalalka xoogga badan.
Intaa waxaa dheer, ceramics-ka quartz waxa ay ilaalisaa daacadnimada dhismaha ilaa heerkulku qiyaas ahaan 1100 ° C ee xal joogto ah, oo leh iska caabin toos ah oo ku meel gaar ah oo soo dhowaanaysa 1600 ° C ee jawiga aan firfircoonayn.
( Quartz Ceramics)
Iska caabbinta shoogga kulaylka ee hore, waxay muujinayaan heerkul aad u jilicsan oo jilicsan (~ 1600 ° C )iyo iska caabin heersare ah oo liddi ku ah leexinta– inkasta oo soo-gaadhista tooska ah ee muddada-dheer ay dhaaftay 1200 ° C waxa ay si toos ah u bilaabi kartaa samaynta dusha sare ee cristobalite, taas oo wax u dhimi karta awooda farsamada sababtoo ah hagaajinta tirada inta lagu jiro marxaladaha wareegyada.
2. Muuqaal, Koronto, iyo tayada Kiimikada Qalabka Silica Fused
2.1 Daah-furnaanta Broadband iyo Codsiyada Sawir-qaadista
Ceramics-ka Quartz waxay caan ku yihiin gudbinta indhaha ee aadka u wanaagsan inta lagu jiro kala duwanaansho badan oo xun, ka dheeraynta ultraviolet qoto dheer (UV) iyo ~ 180 nm ilaa infrared-ka dhow (IYO) iyo ~ 2500 nm.
Furfurnaantan waxaa loo ogol yahay la'aanta wasakhda iyo isku-dhafka shabakada amorphous, taas oo yaraynaysa fidinta iftiinka iyo nuugista.
Silikoo isku daray saafi-sare oo nadiif ah, ka dhashay iyada oo loo marayo hydrolysis olol ee chlorides silicon, Waxa kale oo uu gaaraa gudbinta UV-ga sare waxaana loo adeegsadaa codsiyada muhiimka ah sida excimer laser optics, muraayadaha sawir-qaadista, iyo telescopes ku salaysan meel bannaan.
Xadka waxyeelada laysarka ee sare ee walaxda– iska caabinta burburka hoostiisa shucaaca laysarka garaaca xad dhaafka ah– wuxuu ka dhigayaa mid ku habboon nidaamyada tamarta sare ee laser loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista isku dhafan iyo mashiinnada ganacsiga.
Intaa waxaa dheer, autofluorescence hooseeya iyo iska caabbinta shucaaca ayaa dammaanad qaadaya isku halaynta qalabka caafimaadka, oo ka kooban spectrometers, Nidaamyada daaweynta UV, iyo aaladaha raadraaca nukliyeerka.
2.2 Waxqabadka Dielectric iyo Firfircoonaanta Kiimikada
Marka laga eego dhinaca korontada, Quartz porcelains waa insulators gaar ah oo leh iska caabin xaddigeedu ka badan yahay 10 ¹⁸ Ω · sentimitir heerka heerkulka hawada sare iyo koronto joogto ah oo qiyaas ah 3.8 at 1 MHz.
Dhimista luminta korontada (tan δ < 0.0001) makes certain very little power dissipation in high-frequency and high-voltage applications, making them ideal for microwave home windows, radar domes, and insulating substrates in electronic assemblies.
Dhismayaashan ayaa ah kuwo ammaan ah oo ka sarreeya heerkul aad u ballaadhan, Si ka duwan polymers-ka badan ama porcelains-ka caadiga ah ee daciifiya korantada hoos yimaada cadaadiska kulaylka iyo walaaca.
Kiimiko ahaan, Quartz porcelains waxay muujinayaan firfircooni la'aaneed inta badan asiidhka, oo ka kooban hydrochloric, nitric, iyo sulfuric acids, xasiloonida Si– O bond.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay u nugul yihiin in lagu weeraro hydrofluoric acid (HF) iyo antacids adag sida sodium hydroxide kulul, kuwaas oo waxyeelo u geysta Si– O– Si network.
Falcelintan garashada leh waxaa loo adeegsaday habraacyada wax-soo-saarka-yar-yar-yar halkaas oo loo baahan yahay xoqidda silica isku dhafan.
Goobaha ganacsiga ee gardarada ah– sida maaraynta kiimikada, kuraasta qoyan ee semiconductor, iyo maaraynta dareeraha daahirsanaanta sare leh– ceramics quartz waxay u shaqeeyaan sida dahaarka, muraayadaha indhaha, iyo qaybaha reactor ee wasakhda loo baahan yahay in la yareeyo.
3. Hababka wax soo saarka iyo injineernimada joomatari ee Quartz Elements Ceramic
3.1 Dhalalinta iyo Samaynta Xeeladaha
Wax soo saarka dhoobada quartz waxaa ku jira habab badan oo dhalaalid oo khaas ah, mid kasta oo ku habboon daahirnimo gaar ah iyo dalabaadka codsiga.
Dhalliisha korantada waxay isticmaashaa ciid quartz nadiif ah oo nadiif ah, abuurista boules ama tuubooyin waaweyn oo leh kulayl aad u fiican iyo dhismo meherad ama guryo ganacsi.
Ololka isku darka, ama isku-dhafka gubashada, Waxay ka kooban tahay gubasho tetrachloride silicon (SiCl ₄) dabka hydrogen-oxygen, u wareejinta jajabyada silica wanaagsan ee sinter-galiya qaab hufan– Habkani wuxuu soo saarayaa tayada sare ee indhaha ee ugu sareysa waxaana loo isticmaalaa silica isku dhafan ee synthetic.
Dhalashada Plasma waxay isticmaashaa koorso ka duwan, siinta heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo habayn wasakh la'aan ah oo loogu talagalay codsiyada hawada sare ee niche iyo ilaalinta.
Marka la dhalaaliyo, ceramics-ka quartz waxa lagu qaabayn karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo saxsanaan, kobcinta centrifugal (tuubooyinka), ama Mashiinka CNC ee meelaha hore loo simay.
Burburkooda awgeed, Makiinadu waxay ku baaqaysaa qalab dheeman iyo kontorool taxaddar leh si looga hortago microcracking.
3.2 Wax Soo Saarka Saxda Ah Iyo Aagga Dusha Oo Dhamaystiran
Qaybaha dhoobada Quartz ayaa inta badan si sax ah loogu sameeyaa joomatariyo qallafsan sida crucibles, tuubooyinka, ulo, daaqadaha, iyo insulators loo habeeyey ee semiconductor, qorraxdu, iyo qaybaha laser.
Saxnaanta cabbirku waa muhiim, gaar ahaan wax-soo-saarka semiconductor-ka halkaas oo kuwa qaboojiyaha quartz iyo weelasha gambaleelka ay u baahan yihiin inay ilaaliyaan meelaynta saxda ah iyo is-waafajinta kulaylka..
Dhamaystirka dusha sare waxa ay ka ciyaartaa waajib lagama maarmaanka u ah hufnaanta; Meelaha dusha sare leh waxay yareeyaan kala firdhisanaanta iftiinka ee qaybaha indhaha waxayna yareeyaan goobaha nukliyeerka si ay u leexiyaan codsiyada heerkulka sare.
Ku-qoridda xalalka HF ee la daboolay waxay abuuri kartaa muuqaalo aagga dusha sare ah ama waxay ka takhalusi kartaa lakabyada dhaawacan ka dib mashiinka.
Wixii nadiifiyaha vacuum-sare ee aadka u sarreeya (UHV) nidaamyada, Quartz porcelains waa la nadiifiyaa oo la dubay si looga takhaluso gaaska dusha sare ka soo baxa, dammaanad qaadka gaaska xad dhaafka ah iyo waafaqid hababka jilicsan sida molecular beam of light epitaxy (MBE).
4. Codsiyada Warshadaha iyo Sayniska ee Ceramics Quartz
4.1 Doorka Semiconductor iyo Soosaarka Sawir-qaade
ceramics Quartz waa maaddooyinka aasaasiga ah ee dhismaha wareegyada isku dhafan iyo unugyada qorraxda, halkaas oo ay ka shaqeeyaan sida tubooyinka foornada, wafer watercrafts (dulin), iyo qolalka faafinta.
Awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay ka hortagaan kulaylka oksaydhaynta, hoos u dhigid, ama jawi aan firfircoonayn– oo ay weheliso wasakhowga birta oo yaraatay– waxay ka dhigtaa hanaan gaar ah nadiifnimo iyo wax-soo-saar.
Inta lagu jiro kaydinta uumiga kiimikada (CVD) ama oksaydhka kulaylka, Curiyayaasha quartz waxay ilaaliyaan xasiloonida cabbirka waxayna u istaagaan inay is-daba-maan, ka ilaalinta waxyeelada waferka iyo dheelitir la'aanta.
In wax soo saarka qorraxda, Quartz crucibles waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu balaadhiyo monocrystalline silicon ingots iyada oo loo marayo habka Czochralski, halkaasoo nadiifnimadooda tooska ah ay saameyneyso tayada sare ee korontada ee unugyada qorraxda ee ugu dambeeya.
4.2 Isticmaalka Laydhka, Hawada hawada, iyo Qalabka Analytical
Dheecaan aad u sarreeya (HID) nalalka iyo hababka jeermiska UV, Baqshadaha dhoobada quartz waxay ka kooban yihiin baqshado balasma ah oo heerkulku ka sarreeyo 1000 ° C iyadoo la gudbinayo UV iyo iftiinka la dareemi karo si hufan.
Iska caabbinta shoogga kulaylka waxay ka ilaalisaa fashilinta inta lagu jiro shilalka iftiinka degdega ah iyo wareegyada xidhitaanka.
Hawada sare, ceramics quartz waxaa lagu isticmaalaa daaqadaha radar, unugga dareema hantida ma-guurtada ah, iyo hababka difaaca kulaylka sababtoo ah joogitaanka dielectric ay hoos u dhaceen, saamiga xoogga-ilaa-cufnaanta sare, iyo ammaanka hoos rarka hawada hawada.
In kimisteriga gorfaynta iyo cilmi-baarista nolosha, xididdada silica ee la isku daray ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah chromatography gaaska (GC) iyo electrophoresis capillary (CE), halkaas oo aagga dushiisa ay ka joogsato xayaysiinta muunada oo ay dammaanad qaaddo kala-bax sax ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, Microbalances crystal quartz (QCM-yada), taas oo ku xidhan guryaha piezoelectric la deggan yahay ee quartz crystalline (ka duwan silica la isku daray), U adeegso muraayadaha quartz sidii guryo ilaalin ah iyo caawinta gaashaanka codsiyada dareenka tirada badan ee waqtiga-dhabta ah.
Gabagabadii, quartz ceramics stand for an one-of-a-kind crossway of severe thermal resilience, optical openness, and chemical purity.
Their amorphous framework and high SiO two web content enable efficiency in atmospheres where standard materials stop working, from the heart of semiconductor fabs to the side of area.
As technology advancements towards greater temperature levels, better precision, and cleaner procedures, quartz porcelains will continue to work as a crucial enabler of advancement across science and market.
Qaybiyaha
Ceramics Advanced la aasaasay Oktoobar 17, 2012, waa shirkad tignoolajiyada sare leh oo ka go'an cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta, wax soo saarka, farsamaynta, iibinta iyo adeegyada farsamada ee alaabta iyo qaraabada dhoobada. Alaabadayada waxaa ku jira laakiin aan ku xaddidnayn Alaabta dhoobada ah ee Boron Carbide, Alaabta dhoobada ee boron Nitride, Alaabta dhoobada ee Silicon Carbide, Alaabta dhoobada ee Silicon Nitride, Alaabta dhoobada ah ee Zirconium Dioxide, iwm. Hadii aad xiisaynayso, fadlan xor u noqo inaad nala soo xidhiidho.([email protected])
Tags: Quartz Ceramics, ceramic dish, ceramic piping
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