1. Mapangidwe Ofunikira ndi Zomangamanga za Quartz Ceramics
1.1 Kuyera kwa Chemical ndi Kusintha kwa Crystalline-to-Amorphous
(Zithunzi za Quartz Ceramics)
Zojambula za Quartz, Zomwe zimatchedwanso silica yosakanikirana kapena quartz yophatikizidwa, ndi gulu lapamwamba kwambiri osati zinthu zachilengedwe zochokera ku silicon dioxide (SiO TWO) mu ultra-pure, sanali crystalline (amorphous) okoma mtima.
Mosiyana ndi zoumba zadothi zomwe zimadalira polycrystalline frameworks, quartz porcelains amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwawo kwathunthu kwa malire a tirigu chifukwa cha kuwala kwawo., Isotropic network ya SiO ₄ tetrahedra yolumikizana ndi netiweki yotsatizana yamitundu itatu..
Chimake cha amorphous ichi chimatheka chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwapamwamba kwa makhiristo achilengedwe a quartz kapena zopangira silika., kumamatira ndi kuzizira mofulumira kuti asiye mapangidwe.
Zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo kupitilira 99.9% SiO ₂, ndi zowononga zowononga monga zitsulo za alkali (Kuti ⁺, K ⁺), aluminiyamu, ndi zitsulo zosungidwa ndi magawo-miliyoni iliyonse kuti ziteteze kuwala kwa kuwala, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi kutentha kwachangu.
Kupanda dongosolo lautali kumathetsa zochita za anisotropic, kupanga zoumba za quartz kukhala zokhazikika komanso zogwirizana pamakina onse– mwayi wofunikira pakuwongolera molondola.
1.2 Makhalidwe Otentha ndi Kukaniza Kugwedezeka kwa Thermal
Zina mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za zoumba za quartz ndizomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri pakukulitsa kwamafuta. (CTE), kawirikawiri mozungulira 0.55 × 10 ⁻⁶/ K pakati 20 °C ndi 300 °C.
This near-zero growth arises from the flexible Si– O– Si bond angles in the amorphous network, which can adjust under thermal stress without damaging, permitting the product to withstand fast temperature level adjustments that would certainly crack traditional porcelains or steels.
Quartz ceramics can endure thermal shocks surpassing 1000 °C, such as straight immersion in water after warming to heated temperature levels, without fracturing or spalling.
This building makes them important in settings including repeated heating and cooling down cycles, such as semiconductor processing heating systems, aerospace elements, and high-intensity lights systems.
Kuphatikiza apo, quartz ceramics keep architectural honesty up to temperature levels of roughly 1100 ° C in continual solution, with temporary direct exposure resistance approaching 1600 ° C in inert ambiences.
( Zithunzi za Quartz Ceramics)
M'mbuyomu matenthedwe kukana kutentha, amawonetsa kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri (~ 1600 °C )ndi kukana kwapadera kwa devitrification– ngakhale kuwonetseredwa kwachindunji kwa nthawi yayitali 1200 ° C ikhoza kuyambitsa mapangidwe apamwamba mpaka cristobalite, zomwe zingasokoneze mphamvu zamakina chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa magawo onse.
2. Kuwala, Zamagetsi, ndi Chemical Quality of Fused Silica Equipment
2.1 Broadband Transparency ndi Photonic Applications
Zoumba za quartz zimadziwika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwawo kowoneka bwino m'magulu akulu akulu a spooky., kutalikirana ndi ultraviolet yakuya (UV) ku ~ 180 nm kupita ku infrared yapafupi (NDI) ku ~ 2500 nm.
Kutseguka kumeneku kumaloledwa ndi kusowa kwa zonyansa ndi homogeneity ya amorphous network, zomwe zimachepetsa kufalikira kwa kuwala ndi kuyamwa.
High-purity synthetic ophatikizidwa silika, amapangidwa ndi flame hydrolysis ya silicon chlorides, imapezanso kufalikira kwa UV ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zofunika monga excimer laser optics, magalasi a photolithography, ndi ma telescope otengera mlengalenga.
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zinthu za laser– kukana kuwonongeka pansi kwambiri pulsed laser walitsa– imapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pamakina amphamvu kwambiri a laser omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufufuza kophatikizana ndi makina amalonda.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwake kwa autofluorescence ndi kukana kwa radiation kumatsimikizira kudalirika mu zida zamankhwala, zopangidwa ndi spectrometers, Njira zochizira UV, ndi zida zolondolera zida zanyukiliya.
2.2 Dielectric Performance ndi Chemical Inertness
Kuchokera kumagetsi, quartz porcelains ndi insulators wapadera ndi kuchuluka resistivity kuposa 10 ¹⁸ Ω · ma centimita pa mulingo wa kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi dielectric mosasinthasintha pafupifupi 3.8 ku 1 MHz.
Kuchepa kwawo kwa dielectric kutaya tangent (nsi δ < 0.0001) makes certain very little power dissipation in high-frequency and high-voltage applications, making them ideal for microwave home windows, radar domes, and insulating substrates in electronic assemblies.
Nyumbazi zimakhala zotetezeka chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, mosiyana ndi ma polima ambiri kapena ma porcelain omwe amafooketsa magetsi chifukwa cha nkhawa komanso nkhawa.
Mankhwala, quartz porcelains amasonyeza inertness chidwi kwa ambiri zidulo, zopangidwa ndi hydrochloric, nitric, ndi sulfuric acid, chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa Si– O bond.
Komabe, ali pachiwopsezo chowukiridwa ndi hydrofluoric acid (HF) ndi maantacid olimba monga sodium hydroxide yotentha, zomwe zimawononga Si– O– Ndi network.
Kuzindikira uku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njira za microfabrication komwe kuwongolera kokhazikika kwa silika wophatikizika kumafunika..
M'malo azamalonda aukali– monga kusamalira mankhwala, mabenchi onyowa a semiconductor, ndi kusamalira madzi oyeretsedwa kwambiri– zitsulo za quartz zimagwira ntchito ngati zitsulo, magalasi owonera, ndi zigawo za reactor komwe kuipitsidwa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.
3. Njira Zopangira ndi Umisiri wa Geometric wa Quartz Ceramic Elements
3.1 Thawing ndi Kupanga Njira
Kupanga zoumba za quartz kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zapadera zosungunuka, chilichonse chimapangidwa mogwirizana ndi chiyero ndi zofuna zake.
Kusungunuka kwa arc yamagetsi kumagwiritsa ntchito mchenga wa quartz woyengedwa kwambiri wosungunuka mumkuwa woziziritsidwa ndi madzi pansi pa vacuum kapena gasi wolowera., kupanga ma boules akulu kapena machubu okhala ndi malo abwino otenthetsera komanso opangira makina okhalamo kapena malonda.
Mkangano wamoto, kapena kuyaka kaphatikizidwe, kumaphatikizapo kuwotcha silicon tetrachloride (SiCl ₄) mu moto wa hydrogen-oxygen, kusamutsa zidutswa zabwino za silika zomwe zimalowa mu mawonekedwe owonekera– njira iyi imapanga mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga silika wophatikizidwa.
Kusungunuka kwa plasma kumagwiritsa ntchito njira ina, kupereka kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kukonza kopanda kuipitsidwa kwazinthu zina zamlengalenga ndi chitetezo.
Akasungunuka, zitsulo za ceramic za quartz zimatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuponyera kolondola, kukula kwa centrifugal (za machubu), kapena CNC Machining a malo pre-sintered.
Chifukwa cha brittleness awo, Machining amafuna zida diamondi ndi kulamulira mosamala kupewa microcracking.
3.2 Kupanga Molondola ndi Kumaliza Malo Apamwamba
Zigawo za ceramic za quartz nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kukhala ma geometries ovuta kwambiri monga crucibles, machubu, ndodo, mazenera, ndi insulators makonda a semiconductor, dzuwa, ndi laser sectors.
Kulondola kwenikweni ndikofunikira, makamaka pakupanga semiconductor komwe zotengera za quartz ndi zotengera za belu zimafunikira kusunga kuyika bwino komanso kuyanjana kwamafuta..
Kumaliza pamwamba kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchita bwino; madera opukutidwa amachepetsa kuwala kwa kuwala m'zigawo zowoneka bwino ndikuchepetsa malo opangira ma nucleation kuti achepetse kutentha kwambiri..
Kujambula ndi mayankho a HF okhala ndi buffered kumatha kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamtunda kapena kuchotsa zigawo zowonongeka pambuyo popanga makina..
Kwa ultra-high vacuum cleaner (UHV) machitidwe, ma quartz porcelains amatsukidwa ndikuwotchedwa kuti achotse mpweya wozungulira, kutsimikizira kutuluka kwapakati komanso kugwirizana ndi njira zosakhwima monga molekyulu ya kuwala kwa epitaxy (MBE).
4. Ntchito Zamakampani ndi Zasayansi za Quartz Ceramics
4.1 Udindo mu Semiconductor ndi Photovoltaic Production
Makatani a quartz ndi zida zofunika kwambiri pomanga mabwalo ophatikizidwa ndi ma cell a solar, kumene amagwira ntchito ngati machubu a ng'anjo, zojambula zamadzi (susceptors), ndi zipinda zofalitsa.
Kukhoza kwawo kulimbana ndi kutentha mu oxidizing, kutsitsa, kapena mlengalenga wa inert– kuphatikiza ndi kuchepetsedwa kwachitsulo kuipitsidwa– zimapangitsa njira zina kukhala zoyera ndi zokolola.
Nthawi yonse ya nthunzi wa mankhwala (CVD) kapena matenthedwe okosijeni, zinthu za quartz zimasunga bata ndikuyimilira kunkhondo, kumateteza ku kuwonongeka kwa katumbu ndi kusalinganika.
Mu kupanga dzuwa, quartz crucibles amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa monocrystalline silicon ingots kudzera mu njira ya Czochralski., kumene chiyero chawo chowongoka chimakhudza khalidwe lapamwamba la magetsi la maselo otsiriza a dzuwa.
4.2 Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kuwala, Zamlengalenga, ndi Analytical Instrumentation
Pakutulutsa kwakukulu (ZOBISEKA) nyali ndi ma UV yotsekereza machitidwe, Maenvulopu a ceramic a quartz amakhala ndi ma arcs a plasma pamlingo wotentha kwambiri 1000 ° C potumiza UV ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino bwino.
Kulimbana kwawo ndi kutentha kumateteza kuti zisawonongeke panthawi yoyatsira ndi kutseka.
Muzamlengalenga, quartz ceramics amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawindo a radar, sensing unit real estates, ndi machitidwe otetezera kutentha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo kwa dielectric nthawi zonse, mkulu mphamvu-to-kachulukidwe chiŵerengero, ndi chitetezo pansi pa aerothermal loading.
Mu analytical chemistry ndi moyo kafukufuku wa sayansi, Mitsempha ya silika yophatikizidwa ndiyofunikira mu chromatography ya gasi (GC) ndi capillary electrophoresis (CE), pomwe kusakhazikika kwa malo kumayimitsa kutsatsa kwachitsanzo ndikutsimikizira kulekana kolondola.
Komanso, quartz crystal microbalances (Zithunzi za QCM), zomwe zimadalira piezoelectric zokhalamo za crystalline quartz (chosiyana ndi silika wophatikizidwa), gwiritsani ntchito zadothi za quartz ngati nyumba zodzitchinjiriza ndi zothandizira zotchinjiriza pakugwiritsa ntchito zenizeni zenizeni zenizeni.
Pomaliza, quartz ceramics stand for an one-of-a-kind crossway of severe thermal resilience, optical openness, and chemical purity.
Their amorphous framework and high SiO two web content enable efficiency in atmospheres where standard materials stop working, from the heart of semiconductor fabs to the side of area.
As technology advancements towards greater temperature levels, better precision, and cleaner procedures, quartz porcelains will continue to work as a crucial enabler of advancement across science and market.
Wofalitsa
Advanced Ceramics idakhazikitsidwa pa Okutobala 17, 2012, ndi bizinesi yapamwamba yodzipereka ku kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kupanga, kukonza, malonda ndi ntchito zaukadaulo za zida za ceramic ndi zinthu. Zogulitsa zathu zikuphatikiza, koma osati zokha za Boron Carbide Ceramic Products, Boron Nitride Ceramic Products, Silicon Carbide Ceramic Products, Silicon Nitride Ceramic Products, Zirconium Dioxide Ceramic Products, ndi zina. Ngati muli ndi chidwi, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe.([email protected])
Tags: Zithunzi za Quartz Ceramics, ceramic dish, ceramic piping
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