1. Ntchito Zofunikira ndi Zolinga Zothandiza mu Ukadaulo Wamakono Wa Concrete
1.1 Ntchito ndi Kachitidwe ka Konkire Otulutsa thobvu
(Konkire thovu wothandizira)
Concrete lathering agents ndi zosakaniza zapadera za mankhwala zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zidziwitse ndi kusunga mpweya woyendetsedwa bwino mkati mwa matrix atsopano a konkriti..
Oyimilirawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa madzi osakaniza, kupangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino, mpweya wobalalika wofanana pakugwedezeka kwa makina kapena kusakanikirana.
Cholinga chachikulu ndikupanga konkriti yama cell kapena konkriti yopepuka, kumene thovu la mpweya wolowetsedwa limachepetsa kwambiri kachulukidwe wazinthu zolimba ndikusunga bata lokwanira.
Ma lathering agents nthawi zambiri amachokera ku mapuloteni opangidwa ndi mapuloteni (monga hydrolyzed keratin kuchokera ku nyama) kapena zopangira surfactants (opangidwa ndi alkyl sulfonates, ethoxylated mowa, kapena zotumphukira zamafuta acid), chilichonse chimapereka chitetezo chodziwika bwino komanso mawonekedwe a thovu.
Chithovu chopangidwa chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika kuti chipirire kusakanikirana, kupopa, ndi magawo oyamba osalumikizana kwambiri kapena kugwa, kuonetsetsa homogeneous mafoni chimango kumapeto mankhwala.
porosity yopangidwa iyi imawonjezera kutsekemera kwamafuta, amachepetsa matani akufa, ndi kumawonjezera kukana moto, kupanga konkire ya thovu kukhala yabwino kwa ntchito monga insulating floor screeds, kudzaza mano kwa gap, ndi mapanelo opepuka opangiratu.
1.2 Cholinga ndi Dongosolo la Concrete Defoamers
Motsutsana, zowononga konkire (omwe amadziwikanso kuti oimira anti-foaming) amapangidwa kuti achotse kapena kuchepetsa mpweya wosafunikira womwe umalowa mkati mwa konkire.
Ponse kusanganikirana, mayendedwe, ndi kuika, mpweya ukhoza kutsekeredwa mosadziwa mu phala la simenti chifukwa cha nkhawa, makamaka mu konkire yamadzimadzi kwambiri kapena yodziphatikiza yokha (Chithunzi cha SCC) machitidwe okhala ndi zinthu zapamwamba za superplasticizer.
Mpweya wonyezimira woterewu nthawi zambiri umakhala wosafanana, obalalika moyipa, ndi zowononga makina ndi zokongoletsa katundu wa olimba konkire.
Ma defoamers amagwira ntchito posokoneza thovu la mpweya pa mawonekedwe a mpweya wamadzimadzi, kutsatsa kugwirizanitsa ndi kung'ambika kwa mafilimu ang'onoang'ono amadzimadzi ozungulira thovu.
( Konkire thovu wothandizira)
Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mafuta osasungunuka (monga mchere kapena mafuta a veggie), ma polima opangidwa ndi siloxane (mwachitsanzo, polydimethylsiloxane), kapena tinthu tolimba ngati silika wa hydrophobic, zomwe zimalowa mu filimuyi ndikufulumizitsa ngalande zamadzi ndikugwa.
Pochepetsa mpweya– kawirikawiri kuchokera madigiri ovuta kupitirira 5% mpaka 1– 2%– ma defoams amawonjezera kulimba kwamphamvu, kuwonjezera ❖ kuyanika pamwamba, ndi kulimbikitsa kulimba pochepetsa kuloweza komanso kusatetezeka kwa kuzizira kozizira.
2. Mapangidwe a Chemical ndi Interface Behaviour
2.1 Mapangidwe a Mamolekyulu a Akatswiri Ochita thobvu
Kuchita bwino kwa konkriti lathering wothandizira kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kapangidwe kake ka maselo ndi ntchito yapakati.
Oyimira thovu opangidwa ndi mapuloteni amadalira ma polypeptides atalitali omwe amawonekera pamawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito mpweya., kupanga mafilimu a viscoelastic omwe amaimirira kuti agwetse ndikupereka mphamvu zamakina pamakoma a thovu.
Zopangira zachilengedwe zonsezi zimapanga thovu zazikulu koma zokhazikika ndi kupirira kwabwino., kuwapanga kukhala abwino kwa konkriti yopepuka yopepuka.
Synthetic frothing agents, kumbali ina, amalumikizana bwino ndipo samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadzi kapena kutentha.
Amapanga ang'onoang'ono, ma thovu osasinthasintha kwambiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwawo kocheperako komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa adsorption kinetics., kupangitsa mapangidwe a pore bwino ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito amafuta.
The zofunika micelle ndende (CMC) ndi hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (Zithunzi za HLB) wa surfactant amazindikira momwe amagwirira ntchito popanga thovu ndi kukhazikika pansi pa kukameta ubweya ndi cementitious alkalinity.
2.2 Mapangidwe a Molecular of Defoamers
Defoamers amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chosiyana kwambiri, kudalira kusamvana ndi kusamvana pakati pa nkhope.
Ma defoam opangidwa ndi silicone, makamaka polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), ndizothandiza kwambiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwawo komwe kumachepa kwambiri (~ 20– 25 mN/m), zomwe zimawalola kuti azifalikira mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi.
Pamene dontho la defoamer likulumikizana ndi filimu yowonongeka, zikukula a “mlatho” pakati pa madera onse a filimuyo, kutulutsa madzi ndi kuphulika.
Ma defoam opangidwa ndi mafuta amagwiranso ntchito mofananamo koma sadali odalirika kwambiri m'mitundu yamadzimadzi kwambiri pomwe kutulutsa mwachangu kumatha kusokoneza zochita zawo..
Ma Hybrid defoamers kuphatikiza ma hydrophobic particles amathandizira magwiridwe antchito popereka ma nucleation malo opangira kuwirana.
Mosiyana ndi lathering wothandizira, ma defoams ayenera kusungunuka pang'ono kuti apitilize kugwira ntchito pa mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito popanda kuphatikizidwa mu micelles kapena kusungunulidwa mu gawo lalikulu..
3. Chikoka pa Mbali Yatsopano Ndi Yowumitsidwa Konkire
3.1 Zotsatira za Magulu Otulutsa thovu pa Kuchita Konkriti
Kuyambitsa mwadala mpweya kudzera mwa oimira thovu amasintha mawonekedwe a konkire, kuyisuntha kuchoka pagulu lokhuthala kupita ku lotha kulowa, mankhwala opepuka.
Makulidwe amatha kuchepetsedwa kuchokera kunthawi zonse 2400 kg/m 5 mpaka 400– 800 kg/m³, kutengera kuchuluka kwa thovu ndi kukhazikika.
Kutsika uku kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kutsika kwamafuta otsika, kupanga konkire ya thovu kukhala chinthu chotchinjiriza chogwira ntchito chokhala ndi ma U-makhalidwe abwino popangira ma envulopu.
Komabe, kuwonjezereka kwa porosity kumapangitsanso kuchepa kwa kulimba kwamphamvu, kumafuna kuwongolera mosamalitsa mlingo komanso nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza zida zowonjezera za simenti (Ma SCM) ngati ntchentche phulusa kapena silika fume kuti pore khoma pamwamba mphamvu.
Kugwira ntchito nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokulirapo chifukwa chamafuta a thovu, komabe tsankho likhoza kuchitika ngati chitetezo cha thovu sichikwanira.
3.2 Mphamvu ya Defoamers pa Kuchita Konkriti
Ma defoamers amawongolera konkriti yokhazikika komanso yogwira ntchito kwambiri pochotsa zovuta zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wotsekeka..
Mipata yamlengalenga kwambiri imagwira ntchito ngati kupsinjika ndi nkhawa komanso kuchepetsa gawo lodalirika lonyamula katundu, kuchititsa kutsika kwa compressive ndi flexural stamina.
Pochepetsa mipata imeneyi, ma defoams amatha kuwonjezera kulimba kolimba ndi 10– 20%, makamaka mu kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kwambiri komwe voliyumu iliyonse ya mpweya imafunikira.
Amapangitsanso kukongola kwapamwamba popewa maenje, maenje a tizilombo, ndi zisa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwe a konkriti komanso mawonekedwe oyang'ana mawonekedwe.
M'zipinda zopanda madzi monga zotengera zamadzi kapena zipinda zapansi, Kutsika kwa porosity kumathandizira kukana kulowa kwa chloride ndi carbonation, kukulitsa nthawi ya moyo.
4. Zolinga Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Zogwirizana Zoyenera Kuziganizira
4.1 Milandu Yachizolowezi Yogwiritsa Ntchito Magulu Otulutsa thovu
Zopangira thovu ndizofunikira popanga konkriti yama cell yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo otchingira matenthedwe, madenga, ndi midadada precast lightweight.
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito muzinthu za geotechnical monga kubwezeredwa kwa ngalande ndi kukhazikika kwa gap., kumene kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamene kamasiya kuchulukira kwa litsiro.
M'malo otetezedwa ndi moto, nyumba zotchinga kapena zamalonda za konkriti yokhala ndi thovu zimapereka chitetezo chopanda moto pazomangamanga..
Kuchita bwino kwa mapulogalamuwa kumatengera zida zinazake zopangira thovu, otetezedwa lathering oimira, ndi mankhwala osakaniza oyenerera kuti apange mpweya wofanana.
4.2 Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kawirikawiri kwa Defoamers
Ma defoamers amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu konkriti yodziphatikiza yokha (Chithunzi cha SCC), komwe kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi ndi superplasticizer kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa mpweya.
Ndiwofunikanso mu konkriti yokhazikika komanso yomanga, kumene kumalizidwa kwapamwamba ndikofunikira kwambiri, komanso poyika konkriti pansi pa madzi, kumene mpweya wokhazikika ukhoza kusokoneza mgwirizano ndi kupirira.
Ma defoamers nthawi zambiri amawonjezedwa pang'ono (0.01– 0.1% ndi kulemera kwa simenti) ndipo ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi zosakaniza zina, makamaka polycarboxylate ethers (PCEs), kupewa kuyanjana kosayenera.
Pomaliza, oimira konkire frothing ndi defoamers kuimira 2 kutsutsa komabe njira zofunika kwambiri mu kayendetsedwe ka mpweya mkati mwa makina a simenti.
Pamene nthumwi za frothing zimapereka mwadala mpweya kuti zikwaniritse zopepuka komanso zoteteza nyumba, ma defoams amachotsa mpweya wosafunikira kuti ukhale wolimba komanso wapamwamba kwambiri.
Kuzindikira chemistry yawo yosiyana, zipangizo, ndipo zotsatira zimapangitsa kuti mainjiniya ndi opanga athe kukulitsa luso la konkriti pazomangamanga zosiyanasiyana, ntchito, ndi zofunika zokongoletsa.
Wopereka
Cabr-Concrete ndi ogulitsa Concrete Admixture yokhala ndi over 12 zaka zambiri zachitetezo cha nano-building energy komanso chitukuko cha nanotechnology. Imavomereza kulipira kudzera pa Kirediti kadi, T/T, West Union ndi Paypal. TRUNNANO idzatumiza katundu kwa makasitomala akunja kudzera ku FedEx, DHL, ndi mpweya, kapena panyanja. Ngati mukuyang'ana Concrete Admixture yapamwamba kwambiri, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe ndi kutumiza kufunsa.
Tags: konkire thovu wothandizira,mtengo wa konkriti wotulutsa thovu,thovu wothandizila konkire
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