1. Ka'idodin Samfur da Halayen Tsari
1.1 Crystal Chemistry da Polymorphism
(Silicon Carbide Crucibles)
Silicon carbide (SiC) wani yumbu mai ƙyalƙyali ne wanda ya ƙunshi silicon da atom ɗin carbon da aka saita a cikin latticework na tetrahedral., haɓakawa a cikin ɗayan mafi kyawun yanayin zafi da sinadarai da aka fahimta.
Ya wanzu a kan 250 nau'ikan polytypic, da 3c (mai siffar sukari), 4H, da tsarin hexagonal 6H shine mafi dacewa don aikace-aikacen zafin jiki mai girma.
Mai karfi Si– C bond, tare da bond ikon wuce 300 kJ/mol, ba da ƙarfi na ban mamaki, thermal watsin, da juriya ga girgizar zafi da yajin sinadarai.
A cikin crucible aikace-aikace, An zaɓi SiC mai haɗin kai ko haɗin kai saboda ikonsa na kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na gine-gine a ƙarƙashin matsanancin zafi mai zafi da narkakkar yanayi..
Sabanin yumbura oxide, SiC ba ta aiwatar da sauye-sauyen lokaci mai ɓarna kamar yadda abin da ake ɗauka (~ 2700 ° C), yin shi dace da dorewa hanya a sama 1600 ° C.
1.2 Ayyukan Thermal da Injiniya
Siffar siffa ta SiC crucibles shine babban ƙarfin zafinsu– daga 80 ku 120 W/(m · K)– wanda ke tallata ɗumi iri ɗaya kuma yana rage zafin zafi a cikin saurin dumama ko kwandishan.
Wannan kadarar ta zama ta bambanta da yawa da ƙananan kayan aiki kamar alumina (≈ 30 W/(m · K)), waɗanda ke da rauni ga karyewa a ƙarƙashin girgizar thermal.
SiC kuma yana nuna ƙarfin injina na musamman a matakan zafin jiki mai tsayi, riƙewa 80% na daki-zazzabi mai tauri (kamar yadda 400 MPa) ko da a 1400 ° C.
Ya rage adadin haɓakar haɓakar thermal (~ 4.0 × 10 ⁻ / K) yana ƙara haɓaka juriya ga girgiza thermal, muhimmin la'akari da maimaita hawan keke tsakanin yanayi da matakan zafin aiki.
Bugu da kari, SiC yana nuna ƙarancin lalacewa da juriyar abrasion, tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar sabis a cikin yanayin da ke tattare da sarrafa injin ko guguwa na narkewa.
2. Hanyoyin Masana'antu da Kula da Ƙananan Ƙirar
( Silicon Carbide Crucibles)
2.1 Hanyoyin Sintering da Hanyoyi masu yawa
Ana samar da crucibles na masana'antu na SiC da farko ta hanyar sintiri mara ƙarfi, amsa bonding, ko matsawa zafi, kowanne yana ba da fa'idodi na musamman a farashi, tsarki, da kuma aiki.
Rashin matsin lamba ya haɗa da ƙaddamar da babban foda na SiC tare da kayan aikin sintering irin su boron da carbon, an bi ta hanyar maganin zafin jiki (2000– 2200 ° C )a cikin inert yanayi don cim ma kusa-ka'idar yawa.
Wannan fasaha yana haifar da tsabta mai tsabta, babban ƙarfi crucibles dace da semiconductor da ci gaban gami handling.
SiC mai haɗin kai (Farashin RBSC) an ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar shigar da siliki mai ƙyalƙyali tare da narkakkar siliki, wanda ke amsawa don ƙirƙirar β-SiC zaune, yana haifar da fili na SiC da silicon mai maimaitawa.
Yayin da dan kadan ya rage a cikin zafin jiki na thermal saboda abubuwan da ke da ƙarfe na silicon, RBSC yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na girman girma da ƙananan farashin masana'anta, sanya shi shahara ga babban amfani kasuwanci.
SiC mai zafi, ko da yake ya fi tsada, yana ba da mafi girman kauri da tsabta, an tanada don aikace-aikace masu buƙatu irin su ci gaban-crystal guda ɗaya.
2.2 Babban Ingancin saman da Madaidaicin Geometric
Post-sintering machining, wanda ya kunshi nika da wanka, yana tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun juriya na juriya da santsi na ciki wanda ke rage gidajen yanar gizo da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
Ana sarrafa ƙin saman saman a hankali don dakatar da narke abin da aka makala da sauƙaƙe sakin samfuran ƙarfafawa.
Ƙunƙarar lissafi– kamar kaurin fuskar bango, taper kwana, da ƙananan curvature– an inganta don daidaita ma'aunin thermal, ƙarfin tsari, da kuma dacewa da mai ƙonewa.
Keɓaɓɓen ƙira suna ɗaukar wasu juzu'i na narke, bayanan dumama, da kuma abin hankali, yana ba da garantin ingantaccen aiki a cikin matakai daban-daban na masana'antu.
Nagartaccen kula da inganci, ciki har da X-ray diffraction, na'urar duba microscope, da ultrasonic screening, yana tabbatar da daidaituwar microstructural da rashin matsaloli kamar pores ko tsaga.
3. Juriya na sinadarai da hulɗa tare da narkewa
3.1 Rashin hankali a cikin Muhalli masu ban tsoro
SiC crucibles suna baje kolin juriya ga harin sinadari ta narkakken karafa, irin, da gishiri marasa oxidizing, wuce gona da iri na graphite da oxide yumbura.
Suna da amintaccen hulɗa da narkakkar aluminum, jan karfe, azurfa, da allunan su, tsayayya da wetting da rushewa a sakamakon ƙananan ikon tsaka-tsaki da samuwar oxides mai kariya.
A cikin siliki da sarrafa germanium don photovoltaics da semiconductor, SiC crucibles suna hana gurɓataccen ƙarfe wanda zai iya raunana kaddarorin mazaunin dijital.
Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin oxidizing musamman ko a cikin ganuwa na canje-canjen alkaline, SiC na iya yin oxidize don haɓaka silica (SiO ₂), wanda zai iya ba da amsa har ma don samar da silicates-ƙananan narkewa.
Don haka, SiC ya fi dacewa don tsaka tsaki ko rage mahalli, inda kwanciyar hankalinsa ya fi girma.
3.2 Iyakoki da La'akari da Daidaitawa
Duk da taurinsa, SiC ba ta ko'ina ba ce; yana amsawa da wasu narkakkun kayayyakin, musamman karafa na rukuni-rukuni (Fe, A ciki, Co) a high yanayin zafi tare da carburization da rushe tafiyar matakai.
A cikin sarrafa karfe mai ruwa, SiC crucibles suna tabarbarewa da sauri kuma saboda haka ana gujewa.
Hakazalika, antacids da alkaline duniya karfe (misali, Li, Tuni, Ca) na iya rage girman SiC, ƙaddamar da carbon da ƙirƙirar silicides, iyakance amfani da su wajen haɗa kayan baturi ko simintin ƙarfe mai ɗaukar nauyi.
Don gilashin ruwa da yumbu, SiC yawanci yana dacewa duk da haka yana iya gabatar da alamar siliki daidai cikin gilashin gani ko na lantarki.
Gane waɗannan ƙayyadaddun hulɗar kayan aiki ya zama dole don zaɓar nau'in ƙirƙira mai dacewa da tabbatar da tsaftataccen tsari da tsayin daka..
4. Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu da Juyin Fasaha
4.1 Karfe, Semiconductor, da Sassan Makamashi Masu Sabuntawa
SiC crucibles suna da mahimmanci a cikin samar da multicrystalline da monocrystalline silicon ingots don batir hasken rana., inda suka tsaya tsayin daka kai tsaye ga narkakkar silicon a ~ 1420 ° C.
Tsaron zafi nasu yana sanya wasu ƙazanta iri ɗaya kuma yana rage yawan tarwatsewa, kai tsaye tasiri tasirin hasken rana.
A cikin masana'antu, Ana amfani da sic crucibles don narkar da karafa marasa ƙarfe kamar aluminum da tagulla, samar da tsawon rayuwa da raguwar ci gaban datti wanda ya bambanta da zaɓin yumbu-graphite.
Hakanan ana amfani da su a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje masu zafi don kimanta thermogravimetric, calorimetry na dubawa daban-daban, da kuma kira na sophisticated porcelains da intermetallic mahadi.
4.2 Fads na gaba da Haɗin Samfurin Na gaba
Aikace-aikace masu tasowa sun haɗa da amfani da SiC crucibles a cikin gwaje-gwajen samfuran nukiliya na gaba da narkar da ma'aunin gishiri., inda ake tantance juriyarsu ga radiation da narkakken fluoride.
Rubutun kamar pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) ko yttria (Y BIYU O ₃) Ana amfani da su zuwa wuraren saman SiC don haɓaka rashin aikin sinadarai da dakatar da yaduwar siliki a cikin hanyoyin tsaftar tsafta..
Ƙirƙirar ƙira na abubuwan SiC waɗanda ke yin amfani da jetting mai ɗaure ko stereolithography yana kan haɓakawa, m kayan aiki geometries da sauri prototyping ga na musamman crucible kayayyaki.
Kamar yadda buƙatu ke girma don ingantaccen makamashi, mai dorewa, da kula da yanayin zafi mara ƙazanta, Silicon carbide crucibles tabbas za su kasance ginshiƙin fasahar zamani a cikin samar da samfuran ci-gaba.
A karshe, Silicon carbide crucibles suna wakiltar wani muhimmin abin ba da izini a cikin masana'antu masu zafin jiki da hanyoyin asibiti.
Haɗin da ba daidai ba na kwanciyar hankali na thermal, inji taurin, kuma juriya na sinadarai ya sa su zama kayan zaɓi don aikace-aikace inda inganci da aminci ke da mahimmanci.
5. Mai bayarwa
Advanced Ceramics kafa a Oktoba 17, 2012, babban kamfani ne na fasaha mai himma ga bincike da haɓakawa, samarwa, sarrafawa, tallace-tallace da sabis na fasaha na yumbu dangi kayan da samfurori. Kayayyakinmu sun haɗa amma ba'a iyakance ga samfuran yumbura na Boron Carbide ba, Boron Nitride Ceramic Products, Silicon Carbide Ceramic Products, Silicon Nitride Ceramic Products, Zirconium Dioxide Ceramic Products, da dai sauransu. Idan kuna sha'awar, don Allah a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu.
Tags: Silicon Carbide Crucibles, Silicon Carbide Ceramic, Silicon Carbide Ceramic Crucibles
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